SURIGAO STATE COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

NARCISO ST. 8400, SURIGAO CITY

CE 115
STRUCTURAL THEORY II

ESTIMATION OF WIND LOADS

COURSE & SCHEDULE: DATE SUBMITTED:

BSCE – 4B February 27, 2019
MON/WED/FRI. 3:00 PM – 5:00 PM

SUBMITTED BY:
ECHIN, PATRICK ACE EXODUS M. ECHIN

SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. RICHARD A. BADIOLA, RMP, M.ENG’G, D.ENG’G(CAR)
Assistant Professor III
 1. DETERMINING RISK CATEGORY OF BUILDING OR OTHER STRUCTURE.

Table 103-1. OCCUPANCY CATEGORY

Occupancy Category of the building = IV; Base from the table above.
 2. DETERMINE BASIC WIND SPEED, V, for the applicable category.

Figure 207A.5-1C Basic Wind Speed for Occupancy Category IV

The location of the building is located at the Roxas Lana, Surigao City. As
the occupancy category of the structure is categorized as IV, and base on the map
above (figure 207A.5-1C) the basic wind speed is;

V = 290km/hr
3. DETERMINE WIND LOAD PARAMETERS:

a. Wind directionality factor, Kd ;

Kd = 0.85
Exposure category:

Base on the site location above;

d1 > 1500 m

Therefore the structure is categorize exposure D.

d1= 2.34 km

b2. Determine the topographic effects:

Kzt = 1.0

ON THIS LOCATION
c. Determine the gust effect factor (G);
Frequency determination

- Checking the limitations of approximate Natural Frequency

1. hm = 4.74m < 90m

2.

Frame along column A:

 1 4.8(0+3.40)
= = 14.8 m
(0+3.40)

Thus, hm < 4Leff

- Checking the approximate Frequency

For concrete moment – resisting frame;

na = 43.5/h0.9

na = 43.5/(3.4)0.9 = 14.46 Hz > 1 Hz

Therefore, the building is rigid.

Use;

G = 0.85

d. Determine the enclosure classification

Accordingly, the code requires that a determination be made of the

amount of openings in the envelope to assess enclosure classification (enclosed,
partially, enclosed, or opening). “Openings” are specially defined in the version of the
code as “apertures or holes in the building envelope which allow air to flow through the
building envelope and which are designed as “open” during winds”. (NSCP 2015,
Section 207A.10)

If a building by definition complies with both the “open” and “partially

enclosed” definitions, it shall be classified as an “open” building. A building that does not
comply with either the “open” or “partially enclosed” definitions shall be classified as an
“enclosed” building. (NSCP 2015, 207A.10.4)

Ao = 7.44 m2
Ag = 26.46 m2
Aoi = 13.62 m2
Agi = 321.53 m2

- Checking for enclosure classification

For building partially enclosed condition;

1. Ao > 1.01Aoi
Ao = 7.44 m2
Aoi = 13.62 m2
Since,

7.44 m2 2 < 1.01(13.62 m2)

 2. Ao > 0.37 m2 or 0.01Ag
Ag = 26.46 m2
Agi = 321.53 m2
Therefore, the building is classified as “Partially enclosed building”.

As from this table for enclosed buildings;

GCpi = ±0.55

Table 207A.11-1

4. Determine velocity pressure

exposure coefficient, Kz , Kh.

hz = 3.4 m

K z=1.03

hh = 0 m

K h=1.03

Velocity Pressure
From the parameters Kd
=0.85, Kzt = 1, Kz =1.03, v = 80.56 m/s
 Velocity Pressure
Height above Exposure Velocity
Mean Ground Level, Coefficient Pressure
Hieght z (m) (Kz) qz, (kPa)
Roof 4.74 1.03 3.38
1st Floor 3.4 1.03 3.38
 External Pressure Coefficient, GCp
Along Longitudinal Axis as the Direction of the Wind (W/E)

Wind (W/E) B = 14.3 m

h (m) = 4.74 L = 14.8 m L/B = 1.03

B (m) = 14.3 h/L = 0.32
L (m) = 14.8 Ѳ (deg) = 15

Based from the tabulated values for wall and roof pressure coefficients from NSCP

Surfaces Cp
Windward wall 0.8
Leeward wall -0.42
Side wall -0.47
Windward Leeward
Roof
-0.54, 0.036 -0.5

Wind Pressure Computation-

For MWFRS
GCpi = + 0.18
G = 0.85
p z=q z ( GC p−G C pi )
 Along Roof Surfaces in W/E Direction
Windward roof pz
  Leeward roof pz (kPa)
(kPa)
with with with
h (m) Kz qz (kPa) with -Gcpi
+Gcpi -Gcpi +Gcpi
-2.1608229 -0.9434579
4.74 1.03 3.381569481 -
0.50520648 0.71215853 -2.0458495 -0.8284845

    Along Wall Surfaces (W/E)  

Windward wall pz
      (kPa) Leeward wall pz (kPa)
qz
z (m) Kz (kPa) with +GCpi with -GCpi with +GCpi with -GCpi
3.2 0.57 3.3816 1.6907847 2.9081498 -1.8159028 -0.5985378
0 0.57 3.3816 1.6907847 2.9081498 -1.8159028 -0.5985378

Along Rafter 1
Net along wind Tributary Net along wind loads
pressures pz (kPa) Area Fz (kN)
with with
with +Gcpi with -Gcpi (sq.m)
+Gcpi -Gcpi
-0.11497 -0.114973 -3.8918 -3.8918
33.85 52.150767
1.5406431 1.5406431 52.150767 4
-
Vz(kN)= -56.0426
56.0426
Rafter - 2

Net along wind Tributary Net along wind loads

pressures pz (kPa) Area Fz (kN)
with with
with +Gcpi with -Gcpi (sq.m)
+Gcpi -Gcpi
-0.114973 -0.114973 -1.7303 -1.7303
15.05
1.5406431 1.5406431 23.186678 23.186678
-
Vz(kN)= -24.9170
24.9170
Full truss - 1
Net along wind Tributary Net along wind loads
pressures pz (kPa) Area Fz (kN)
with with
with +Gcpi with -Gcpi (sq.m)
+Gcpi -Gcpi

-0.114973 -0.114973 -1.7303 -1.7303

15.05
1.5406431 1.5406431 23.186678 23.186678
-
Vz(kN)= -24.9170
24.9170
 Tributar
Structure y Area
HZ Width height (m^2)

3.15 3.15
FRAME 1 3.5 11.025
0 3.5 0 0

Along Frame 1
Net along wind Tributar Net along wind loads Fz Base bending moment
pressures pz (kPa) y Area (kN) contribution My,z (kNm)
with +Gcpi with -Gcpi (sq.m) with +Gcpi with -Gcpi with +Gcpi with -Gcpi
3.506687 3.506687 121.78287 121.78287
11.025 38.66123 38.66123
6 6 5 5
3.506687 3.506687
0 0 0 0 0
6 6
Vx(KN)
    38.66123 38.66123    
=
My(KN.m) 121.78287 121.78287
= 5 5

B = 10 m
Wind (W/E)

L = 14.5 m
h (m) = 4.42 L/B = 1.45
B (m) = 10.0 h/L = 0.30
L (m) = 14.5 Ѳ (deg) = 15

Based from the tabulated values for wall and roof pressure coefficients from NSCP

Surfaces Cp
Windward wall 0.8
Leeward wall -0.2055
Side wall -0.7

There is no roof slope in this wind direction.

Wind Pressure Computation

For MWFRS
GCpi = + 0.18
G = 0.85
p z=q z ( GC p−G C pi )
     Along Wall Surfaces  
Windward wall pz Leeward wall pz
      (kPa) (kPa)
qz with with
z (m) Kz (kPa) with +GCpi with -GCpi +GCpi -GCpi

2.243
6.3 0.62 2 1.12162 1.92918 -0.79562 0.01195
2.062
3.15 0.57 3 1.03116 1.77360 -0.73145 0.01098
2.062
0 0.57 3 1.03116 1.77360 -0.73145 0.01098

Along Frame 4
Base bending
Net along wind Tributary Net along wind loads
moment contribution
pressures pz (kPa) Area Fz (kN)
My,z (kNm)
with with
with +Gcpi with -Gcpi (sq.m) with +Gcpi with -Gcpi
-Gcpi +Gcpi
1.917232
1.9172329 13.063 25.04385 25.04385 157.776 157.7763
9
1.762617
1.7626173 14.963 26.37316 26.37316 83.0755 83.07546
3
1.762617
1.7626173 7.4813 13.18658 13.18658 0 0
3
    Vx(KN) = 64.6036 64.6036    

My(KN.
240.852 240.8517
m) =