BNG M T MT S LOI CHNH

STT

TN

DUNIT V PERIDOTIT

Bazan 2

M T - Thnh phn ha hc: SiO2< 45%, MGO 12-46%, Fe2O3 3-6%, FeO 5.5-35.5%, Al2O3 0.68-8%, MACMA lng kim 1-2%. V a ha chng cha nhiu nguyn t Cr, Ni, Ti. - Thnh phn khong vt: gm olivin v pyroxen l thnh phn chnh. Ngoi ra cn c th gp mt s khong vt ph cromit, manhetit. - Bin i th sinh: serpentin ha, itdinhxit ha, trmolit ha - Cu to: c xt, i khi phn di. - Kin trc: ton t hnh, ht nh, t khi ht ln, sideronit, khm - Dng nm: thu knh, nm chnh - Phn b: + Trn th gii: Ni Uran Nga( khi dunit cha bch kim nm ra i gabro ), khi Butsven Nam Phi( 1 th chu ln pha trn la granit mu , gia l khi norit, di phn d t anoctozitperodotit) - Khong sn lin quan: bch kim, Cr, Ni, Ti, atbet-crizotin Bazan l loi baz, thnh phn khong vt ging grab. mcma - Chng c cu trc ban phun tro baz tinh hoc cu trc poocfica. - bazan l loi nng nht trong cc loi mcma. - Khi lng th tch 2900 3500 kg/cm3. - Cng chu nn 1000 5000kg/cm2 (c loi cng

NHM

GHI CH

 n 8000kg/cm2) - Rt cng, gin, kh nng chng phong ho cao, rt kh gia cng. - Thnh phn khong vt: plagiocla baz, pyroxen xin(ogit). C loai diabas cha olivin gi l diabas olivin, cha thch anh gi l congadiabas - Cu to: khi - Kin trc: ht va v nh, ophit(pyroxen tha hnh hn plagiocla, plagiocla khm trong pyroxen) - Dng nm: th tng ph bin, th va - Mu sc: c mu tro sm hoc lc nht. - Cng nn 3000 - 4000 kg/cm2. - Thnh phn ha hc: SiO2 5265%, Al2O3 15-16%, FeO+Fe2O3 7-10%, Na2O+K2O 5-6% . - Thnh phn khong vt: chnh l palagiocla trung tnh 50-65%, horblen 35-50%, thch anh < 6%. Ngoi ra trong c th gp biotit, felspat kali( rt t), plagiocla bao gi cng c tnh phn i. - Cu to: khi, i khi c dng gneis, hoc c khi gp nhiu th d li - Kin trc: ht na t hnh, plagiocla t hnh hn cc khong vt khc. - Dng nm: Do Diorit thng c lin quan ti granit v granodiorit to nn nhng th cn - Phn b: in Bin Ph, Qu Sn. - Khong sn lin quan: qung Fe, Cu, ch , km- Mu sc: Diorit thng c mu xm, xm lc c xen cc vt xm v trng. - Khi lng th tch 2900 - 3300 kg/m3. -Cng chu nn 2000 -

DIABAS

MACMA BAZ

DIORIT

MACMA TRUNG TNH

ANDEZIT

MACMA TRUNG TNH

GRANITOID

MACMA - AXIT

DAXIT

MACMA - AXIT

3500kg/cm2. - Cu to: l hng, hnh nhn. - Kin trc: ni ban, khng ban tinh. Nn c kin trc hialopilit, kin trc Andezit- kiu dng chy, kin trc pilotaxich. - Dng nm: dng dung nham, lp ph i cng bazan. - Phn b: cc vng cung o, vnh ai ni la Thi Bnh Dng, a Trung Hi. - Khong sn lin quan: vng nhit dch trong cc bin i propylit. - Thnh phn ha hc: SiO2 > 65%, Al2O3 14-16%, tng kim 68%, FeO+Fe2O3 2-3%, Na2O+K2O 5-8% - Thnh phn khong vt: Granit( gm thch anh 30%, felspat kali 30%, plagiocla axit 30%, mica 10%); Granodiorit( thch anh 15-25%, plagiocla trung tnh > 35%, fellspat kali 15-20%, khong vt mu biotit+horblen 15-20% . - Cu to: khi, nh hng gneis - Kin trc: na t hnh, ht ln n b(5-6mm n <1mm), trong gp cc hin tng mc xen pertit, nghch pertit, miamakit, pegmatit - Dng nm: th nn, th cn, th tng, th nm, th chu - Phn b: rng ri trn tri t to nn cc th xm nhp c quy m ln - Khong sn lin quan: vng, bc, a kim, t him. - Thnh phn khong vt: ban tinh( plagiocla trung tnh, i khi c thch anh, biotit, horblen, pyroxen, khng c felspat kali, khng c khong vt mu kim. Nn gm plagiocla trung tnh, thy tinh, khong vt mu biotit, horblen, thch anh. - Cu to: khi, dng chy, i khi dng di, l hng, hnh nhn. - Kin trc: ni ban(porphyr),

ST

TRM TCH

khng ban tinh(aphyr), nn c kin trc felsit(ht nh), microfelsit(ht rt nh), spherolit(ht cu) . - Dng nm: dng vm, thp, kim. - Phn b: hn ch trong cc i sng Hin, An Chu, Mng Yang. - Khong sn lin quan: vang, ch-km. - st do, c kh nng nho nn, c kh nng hp th, trao i thay th ion. - Thnh phn ha hc: chnh gm cc oxit SiO2, Al2O3, H2O. Thnh phn th yu l TiO2, Fe2O3, FeO, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O. Thnh phn ha hc quyt nh n gi tr suwr dng ca n. - Thnh phn khong vt: Khong vt st c 3 khong vt st chnh: kaolinit, hydromica, monmorilonit. Khong vt vn c hc gm cc mnh (silit, quarzit...) v mnh vn khong vt (thch anh, mica, ziacon...). Khong vt t sinh c lng ng t dung dch tht hoc dung dch keo, ph bin l calcit, dolomit, thch cao, pyrit, opan... - St c kh nng hp th cc ion ca mi trng xung quanh. Cc cation hay hp th l: Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, anion gm SO42-, PO43-, Cl- NO3-. - Ht st cng mn th din tch b mt cng ln. N c kh nng hp th cc ion dng trn b mt v c kh nng thay th ion trong b thn b mt. - C s kt bng, pht tn v trng n-co ngt. - St c tnh do v dnh: c quyt nh bi lp hp th v bn cht cc ht st. - N c tinh chu nhit cao v nng chy cao ca n. - iu kin to thnh st nguyn sinh: Kh hu nng m, gc giu alumosilicat, a hnh i ni thoi, t phn ct, thm thc vt

9 Syenit mcma xm nhp trung tnh

10

HOA

BIN CHT NHIT TIP XC

pht trin mnh to mi trng t phong ha giu axit humic lm st khng ng li v lng ng khong vt st - K to thnh st trm tch: st l tich, st sn tch( sn ni), st sng( di lng sng). - ngha: nghin cu phn chia a tng, tng v iu kin c l. Ngoi ra n cn co ngh v a cht, cng trnh, m nc - Syenit l c thnh phn khong vt ch yu l octola, plagiocla, axit, cc khong vt mu xm (amfibn, pryroxen, biotit), mt t mica, rt t thch anh. - Mu sc: Sienit mu tro hng, c cu trc ton tinh u n. - Khi lng ring 2,7 -2,9 g/cm3. - Khi lng th tch 2400 2800kg/m3. - Cng chu nn 1500 2000kg/cm2. - Ngun gc: hoa l kt qu ca qu trnh bin cht khu vc hoc hin khi gp trong bin cht tip xc t cc trm tch cacbonat nh vi hoc dolomit, hay bin cht t hoa c trc. Qu trnh bin cht lm cho ban u b ti kt tinh hon ton to thnh cu trc khm ca cc tinh th canxit, aragonit hay dolomit. Nhit v p sut cn thit hnh thnh hoa thng ph hy cc ha thch v cu to ca trm tch ban u. hoa tinh khit mu trng l kt qu bin cht t vi rt tinh khit. Cc c im vn v vin c nhiu mu sc khc nhau ca hoa thng do cc tp cht to nn nh st, bt, ct, xt st, hoc phin silic, cc loi ny l nhng ht hoc cc lp nguyn thy c mt trong vi. Mu

11

Gabro

mcma xm nhp baz

xanh lc thng do s c mt ca xecpentin, to ra t vi giu magi hoc dolomit c cha tp cht silica. Cc loi tp cht khc nhau c di chuyn v ti kt tinh bi p sut v nhit cao ca qu trnh bin cht. - Gabro l loi baz, thnh phn gm c plagiocla baz (khong 50%) v cc khong vt mu xm nh pyroxen, amphybol v olivin. N c hnh thnh t qu trnh kt tinh ca mcma nng chy di mt t. - Mu sc: Gabro c mu tro xm hoc t lc thm n en, p, c th mi nhn. - Khi lng th tch 2900 3300 kg/m3. Cng chu nn 2000 3500kg/cm2. - Grab c s dng lm dm, tm lt mt ng v p trang tr cc cng trnh kin trc.