QSurv: Quantity Surveying
FORMWORKS AND FALSEWORKS
FORMWORKS or SHUTTERING – Temporary structure used as a mold in which fresh concrete are
poured to cast the members of the structure.
FOR COLUMNS
- 2” x 2” Lumber is used as Frame
- ¼” thk Marine Plywood
1. Compute for
𝑃 = 2(𝑎 + 𝑏) + 0.20
P = Lateral Perimeter for Column Forms
a = shorter dimension of Column
b = longer dimension of Column
0.20 = lapping of forms
2. 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = (𝑃)(𝐻𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 )
3. 𝑁 = (Round up to whole number)
.
4. 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. "x 2" = (𝑁 )(29.67 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. )
FOR BEAMS
- 2” x 2” Lumber is used as Frame
- ¼” thk Marine Plywood
1. Compute for
𝑃 = 2𝑑 + 𝑏 + 0.10
P = Perimeter of Beam Forms
d = depth of beam
b = base of beam
0.10 = lapping of forms
2. 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = (𝑃)(𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ )
3. 𝑁 = (Round up to whole number)
.
4. 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. "x 2" = (𝑁 )(22.00 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. )
When thicker plywood is used, the framing can be reduced by 20% to 30%.
For a more accurate estimate
Consider
1. The cut size of the forms taken from one piece of plywood. Sometimes, the cut size of the
forms results to a part of the plywood as a construction waste.
2. Use direct method to determine the board feet of lumber required.
3. The number of times the forms can be reused.
4. When the design of the structure is a monolithic beam and slab, then consider the forms
required so that the design of the structure is followed.
5. Forms can get damaged during removal and transferring.
FALSEWORKS – Temporary structure to support a permanent structure until its construction is
su iciently advanced to support itself
SCAFFOLDING – Temporary structure providing platform for workers to stand while erecting or
repairing a building
STAGING – The portion that supports centering or shuttering.
PARTS OF SCAFFOLDING/STAGING
1. Vertical Support
2. Base of Vertical Support
3. Horizontal Members
4. Diagonal Braces
5. Blocks and Wedges
6. Nails or Bolts
2” x 3” lumber are typically used materials for sca oldings and staging.
FOR COLUMNS
1. Compute for Height of Columns, h.
2. 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡 = (ℎ)(𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑠)(𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 5 − 3)
𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡 = (ℎ)(𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑠)(𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 + 𝐻𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 + 𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔)
FOR BEAMS
1. Compute for Total Length of Beams, l.
2. 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡 = (𝑙)(𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 5 − 3)
𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡 = (𝑙)(𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 + 𝐻𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙)
FOR SLABS
1. Compute for Area of Floor or Slab, A.
2. 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡 = (𝐴)(𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 5 − 3)
Things to consider:
1. Staging and Sca olding can be transferred from floor to floor. However, di erence in heights
between floors should be considered.
2. Dismantling and transferring can damage sca olds and staging materials.
3. Before removal of all staging and sca olding materials, the engineer should analyze the
structure considering the structure’s weight and weight of construction materials.
MATERIALS TO CONSIDER FOR FORMWORKS
PVC BOARDS PHENOLIC BOARDS
PREFABRICATED STEEL FORMS LUMBER FORMWORKS
SAMPLE PROBLEM
Specifications:
Columns – 0.30m x 0.30m
Roof Beams – 0.30m x 0.30m
2nd Floor Beams – 0. 30m x 0.40m
Suspended Slab – 0.15m thk
Slab on Grade – 0.10m thk
Wall Footing – 0.50m x 0.15m thk
Isolated Footing - 1.2m x 1.2m x 0.4m thl
Determine the materials needed for formworks, sca olding and staging of all 1st floor columns.
For Formworks
𝑃 = 2 (0.3 + 0.3) + 0.20 = 1.40𝑚
𝐴 = (1.40 𝑚)(ℎ = 4𝑚 − 0.40𝑚)(4) = 20.16 𝑚
.
𝑁 = = 7 𝑝𝑐𝑠
.
. .
𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. = (7 𝑝𝑐𝑠) 29.67 = 207.69 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡
For Sca olding and Staging Works
ℎ = 3.6 𝑚
ℎ = (3.6𝑚)(4) = 14.40 𝑚
𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. = (14.40𝑚)(7 + 31.67 + 17.5) = 808.848 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡
Determine the materials needed for formworks, sca olding and staging of all 2nd floor beams.
For Formworks
𝑃 = 2 (0.4) + 0.3 + 0.10 = 1.20𝑚
𝐴 = (1.20 𝑚)[(3.3𝑚 − 0.6𝑚)(2) + (3.6𝑚 − 0.6𝑚)(2)] + 4(0.40)(0.30)(2) = 14.64 𝑚
.
𝑁 = = 5.083𝑝𝑐𝑠 = 6 𝑝𝑐𝑠
.
. .
𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. = (6 𝑝𝑐𝑠) 22.00 = 132 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡
Another Approach for Area (consider the thickness of slab)
Interior Beams, 𝑃 = 2 (𝑑 − 𝑡 ) + 𝑏 + 0.10
Exterior Beams, 𝑃 = 2𝑑 − 𝑡 + 𝑏 + 0.10
All beams are exterior beams
𝑃 = 2(0.4𝑚) − 0.15𝑚 + 0.30𝑚 + 0.10𝑚 = 1.05𝑚
𝐴 = (1.05 𝑚)[(3.3𝑚 − 0.6𝑚)(2) + (3.6𝑚 − 0.6𝑚)(2)] + 4(0.40)(0.30)(2) = 12.93 𝑚
.
𝑁 = = 4.490 𝑝𝑐𝑠 = 5 𝑝𝑐𝑠
.
. .
𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. = (5 𝑝𝑐𝑠) 22.00 = 110 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡
For Sca olding and Staging Works
𝑙 = (3.3 𝑚 − 0.6𝑚)(2) + (3.6𝑚 − 0.6𝑚)(2) = 11.40 𝑚
𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. = (11.40 𝑚)(6 + 7) 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡/𝑚 = 148.2 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡
Determine the materials needed for formworks, sca olding and staging of suspended slab.
𝐴 = (3.3𝑚 − 0.6𝑚)(3.6𝑚 − 0.6𝑚) = 8.10 𝑚
.
𝑁 = = 2.8125 𝑝𝑐𝑠 = 3 𝑝𝑐𝑠
.
𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡. = (8.10 𝑚 )(9.10 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡/𝑚 ) = 73.71 𝑏𝑑. 𝑓𝑡
