Department of Electrical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad
EE5049 - Power Converter Design - Quiz - 1
Time: 75 min 25 February 2025
Class: M.Tech EV Max. Marks: 20
Instructions
1. Answer ALL questions
2. Questions 1-6 carry 1 mark each. For these, pick the most appropriate choice(s) from among the options
(a, b, c, d, e) and write it down. More than one option may be correct and marks will be given only if all
the correct options (only) are listed legibly.
3. Answers to questions 1-6 must be in one contiguous block.
A useful relation: For the unit-step response of an underdamped second-order system with transfer function
given
2
ωn
as H(s) = 2 ,
s2 +2ζωn s+ωn the magnitude of the peak overshoot (Mp ) in the output is given as Mp = exp √−ζπ 2
1−ζ
Part - A
1. Ampere-seconds balance for a capacitor is a principle that
(a) applies only to capacitors in switched mode power electronic circuits
(b) cannot be applied to capacitors in linear circuits with sinusoidal excitation
(c) can be applied only to capacitors in steady state
(d) can only be applied to a capacitor having a net DC voltage across it
(e) does not hold if the voltage ripple across the capacitor is large
2. In a buck converter circuit with ideal components having Vg = 340 V , L = 88.25 µH, C = 117 µF and
R = 18 Ω, the converter is operating at steady state conditions for t < 0 with a fixed duty ratio of D = 0.1905
at a frequency fs = 25 kHz. At t = 0, the load resistor is suddenly disconnected and removed from the circuit.
Under this condition:
(a) the output voltage of the converter remains unchanged for t > 0
(b) the output voltage starts rising for t > 0 and reaches a steady state value of 340 V
(c) the steady-state percentage voltage ripple across the capacitor remains the same
(d) the converter operation transitions from CCM mode for t < 0 to DCM mode for t > 0
(e) the converter operation transitions from DCM mode for t < 0 to CCM mode for t > 0
3. Two buck converters A and B are designed to meet the same output specifications while operating in CCM
with a fixed duty ratio, from the same input voltage source Vg . However the switching frequency in A is
twice that in B, while the output capacitance values are the same. Under these circumstances:
(a) converter A is likely to be lighter than converter B
(b) the inductance required in A would be half of that in B
(c) frequency of the ripple voltage is the same for both A and B
(d) peak current in the diode in A would be lower than that in B
(e) for a small step change in Vg , the transient output voltage overshoot in A would be higher than in B
4. In a boost converter operating with an input voltage of 5 V , the diode is OFF for 80 % of the time in a
switching period, while the main switch is OFF for 72 % of the time. Under steady state operation:
(a) The converter operates in CCM and the ouput voltage would be 8.57 V
(b) The converter operates in DCM and the ouput voltage would be 12.0 V
2L
(c) The converter operates in DCM but the ouput voltage depends on the value of K = RT s
(d) The average current in the diode can be expected to be lower than that in the main switch
(e) Given data is insufficient to make any comments on the converter operation
5. Consider a forward converter with input voltage Vg and output voltage Vo having N1 , N2 and N3 turns in
the primary, secondary, and the reset windings respectively. Under steady state operation and assuming a
continuous current through the inductor:
(a) The converter can be made to operate with Vo > Vg by choosing N2 /N1 appropriately
(b) For given values of Vo and Vg , N2 /N1 should always be higher than a certain minimum value
(c) With N1 = N3 , the current rating of the reset winding is comparable to that of the primary winding
(d) Increasing N3 reduces the peak current in the reset winding as well as the peak voltage across S1
(e) The peak stored energy in the core flux is independent of the number of turns N3
6. Which of the following are valid circuit configurations for a flyback converter?
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Part - B
7. A buck converter is controlled to provide an average output voltage Vo = 5 V . The converter operates with
fs = 20 kHz, L = 1 mH, C = 470 µF and Vg = 12.6 V . Calculate the peak-peak ripple in the output voltage,
if Io is equal to one-half of the average output current at the boundary between continuous and discontinuous
conduction modes. [4 marks]
8. (a) Draw the circuit diagram of a buck-boost converter [1 mark]
(b) With respect to the switch driving signals, draw neat waveforms of the inductor current, inductor voltage
and diode current over one switching cycle in CCM assuming ideal components [3 marks]
(c) Derive the expression for the voltage gain of the converter assuming ideal components [1 marks]
9. A boost converter is designed to operate at a switching frequency of 25 kHz. The inductor and capactior
used are 1 mH and 1000 µF respectively while the load resistance is 3 Ω. Assume the switches and diode to
be ideal. The initial values of the inductor current and capacitor voltage are both zero at t = 0. If the input
voltage and duty signal applied to the converter are given as vg (t) = 10 u(t) and d(t) = 0.3 u(t) respectively
where u(t) denotes the unit step function, calculate the peak value of the output voltage that appears during
the transient response of the converter for t > 0. [5 marks]
****************
Page 2
