Presenter; Muhamad Zharif bin Ismail Muhammad Afiq bin Bujang Muhammad Fathurrahman bin Mohd

Theorists
Behavioural B.F. Skinner John Watson Ivan Pavlov Client-Centered

Carl Rogers

Key Concept
Behavioural Client-Centered

Focus is on overt behaviour, precision in specifying goals of treatment, development of specific treatment plans, and objective evaluation of therapy outcomes.
Present behaviour is given attention. Therapy is based on principles of learning theory. Normal behaviour is learned through reinforcement and imitation. Abnormal behaviour is the result of faulty learning. (Corey,2009)

Humanism The person should be viewed holistically Free-will therapeutic approach

Personal responsibility

Terminologies
Behavioural Classical Conditioning Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) Unconditioned Response (UCR) Conditioned Stimulus (CS) Conditioned Response Client-Centered

Therapist-Client Psychological Contact: a relationship between client and therapist in which each person's perception of the other is important must exist. Client incongruence, or Vulnerability: incongruence exists between the client's experience and awareness causing vulnerability/anxiety increasing motivation. Congruence, or Genuineness
Unconditional Positive Regard (UPR) Empathic understanding Client Perception

Operant Conditioning Behaviour Consequences (Positive & Negative Reinforcement and Punishment) Behaviour Repeat

Human Personality
Behavioural Client-Centered
Every human have their good and bad side in themselves but they have Everyone have their dignity and selfthe potential to decide their respect. behaviour. Human are able to understand concepts and able to control their own behaviour. Human tend to adapt new behaviour. Human have the tendency to influence others behaviour. Behaviour can be seen from many perception. Have tendency to self-perfectness Human are essentially / intrinsically good. Human can be trusted

Goals
Behavioural To improve the weaknesses that appear in the behaviour. To reinforce the suitable behaviour. To eliminate misbehaviour. To master their social skill.
To help the client to be more realistic, objectivity and more accurate in their perception in solving problems.

Client-Centered

Process of Behavioural

State the problem

The development Identify the of social goals of the history behaviour

Strategies to change the behaviour

Process of Client-Centered
Client makes decision whether he / she needs counseling or not. Client will try to understand the choices that he has and the counselor will help the client to understand the choices..
The counselor will identify and accept the clients positive feeling. At this stage, the client will be able to understand their personality.

The client will be able to decide his /her choice and actions.

Counselor explains what they will face in the counseling process.

Counselor will help their client to express their feeling and behaviour.

Counselor will not make any judgment and accept their clients feelings.

Techniques of Behaviour Theory

Modeling

Systematic Desensitization (Counterconditioning)

Reinforcement

Techniques of Client-Centered Theory

Reflection Listening with empathy Encourage the client to share their problem Build professional relationship The client is responsible for each action, thought, and decision making Give the freedom to the client to think, feel and act in exploring their feelings.

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