STRUKTUR SEL EUKARIOT

Tatap muka - 3
charis@ukdw.ac.id
Cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
Membranous Organelles
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi body
Lysosomes, peroxisomes, vacuoles, and vesicles
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Lysosomes, Peroxisomes, Vacuoles, and
Vesicles
Store and transfer chemicals within cells
May store nutrients in cell
Lysosomes contain catabolic enzymes
Peroxisomes contain enzymes that degrade
poisonous wastes
Charis Amarantini Biologi Sel
LISOSOM (lysis cut)
- single membrane, variable size
- membraneous sacs containing a large variety of low pH hydrolytic
enzymes
-plants contain the analogous vacuoles
Lysosomes
circular, but bigger than
ribosomes
Garbage disposal of the
cell
Contain digestive
enzymes that break
down wastes
Function: to break
down food into particles
the rest of the cell can
use and to destroy old
cells
Nickname: Clean-up
Crews

Which organelles do
lysosomes work with?
Organelles: Energy-Related
Found in
nearly all
eukaryotes
Found in
plants &
algae &
some
microbes
From the Virtual Microbiology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
Mitochondria
An intracellular organelle.
There are 100 to 1000s of mitochondria/cell.
All mitochondria come from the mother.
Mitochondria have their own DNA.
Found in all cell types, except the RBC.
Major functions of mitochondria:
Makes energy in the form of ATP.
Programmed cell death (apoptosis).
Mitochondria (mitos thread, chondros granule)

evolved from aerobic bacteria
site of cellular respiration (aerobic metabolism)
large ellipsoid ~ 2000/eukaryotic cell (~ 1/5 cell)
two lipid membranes
smooth outer & highly folded inner with invaginations called cristae
has two spaces (inner membrane space & matrix internal space)
Interior matrix contains 70S ribosomes and circular molecule of DNA
respiratory enzymes form gel-like matrix of inner membrane
Produce most of cells ATP
couples chemical energy from nutrient oxidation to synthesis
of ATP (energy storage molecule)
ATP is exported to rest of cell to fuel processes
contains DNA, RNA and ribosomes for the synthesis of
some mitochondrial components
12
semi-fluid medium containing enzymes
that break down carbohydrate products
To provide more surface area for
greater cellular respiratory productivity
- powerhouse of the cell
- site of cellular respiration
-breaking down food molecules
to make ATP
(main carrier of energy in cells)
Chloroplast
Found only in plant cells
Contains the green pigment
chlorophyll
Site of food (glucose)
production
Bound by a double
membrane
Function: traps energy from
the sun to produce food for
the plant cell