Mencari dan

Mengkaji
Literatur

Ari Probandari, dr,

MPH, PhD
Bagian Ilmu
Kesehatan
Masyarakat
Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Sebelas
Maret, Surakarta

Gambar diambil dari:

http://vcuhvlibrary.uhv.edu

Tujuan Pembelajaran
Menjelaskan relevansi pencarian
literatur dan budaya ilmiah
Menjelaskan teknik-teknik pencarian
literatur ilmiah

Apakah Budaya Ilmiah itu?

http://undsci.berkeley.edu/article/socialsideofscience_05

In science, all ideas (especially the

important ones!) must stand up to
rigorous scrutiny. The culture of science
does not value dogma. Scrutinizing,
questioning, and investigating
important ideas helps ensure that only
ideas supported by evidence and based
on sound reasoning are accepted by the
community.

 The aim of science is to uncover the

real workings of the natural world,
and that requires honesty. You can't
get to the truth by exaggerating
results, fudging numbers, selectively
reporting data, or interpreting
evidence in a biased way.

 Science, on the other hand, is

scrupulous about giving credit where
credit is due. Scientific research
articles always provide a list of
citations, crediting other scientists
for ideas, techniques, and studies
that were built upon by the current
research.

 Science is flexible and open to new

ideas, but it is not an anarchic freefor-all. Many laws apply to science,
and in many cases, scientists have
constructed their own even more
stringent guidelines in order to
ensure that scientific work is of high
quality, is performed in ethical ways,
and benefits society.

Why review literature?

Prevents you from duplicating work that has been
done already
Find out what others have learned and reported,
in order to refine problem statement
Familiarize with various relevant research
approaches
Provide convincing arguments why your particular
study is needed
Varkevisser CM, Pathmanathan I, Brownlee A. (2003). Designing and
Conducting Health Systems Research Projects. KIT Publishers,
Amsterdam International Development Research Centre. pp 68.

Literatures sources
Articles (journals, magazine, newspaper)
Books
Grey literatures
Conference proceedings and presentations
Reports
Dissertation/thesis

Websites
Personal communication

How to review literature?

Defining
search
questions

Searching

Skimming

Synthesizin
g

Indexing

Appraising

Presenting

Defining the searchquestions

What are determinants to treatment
compliance of TB patients?
Are there other studies on the use of
mobile phones in improving
treatment compliance of TB patients?
What are the causes of MDR-TB?

Searching literature
http://google.co.id/

http://scholar.google.co.
id/

Searching literature

Skimming literature
Publication type
Peer-review:
Original article
IMRaD structure
Study type: e.g. intervention studies

Review
Policy and practice

Date
Language

Appraising literature
Does the literature address your search
question?
Does the literature contain trustable
important aspects?

Indexing literatures
Author(s) Surname followed by initials. Title of article.
Name of Journal, Volume (number): page numbers of article
- key words
A summary of contents/abstracts
A brief analysis of the content, with comments such as:
Appropriateness of the methodology
Weakness
Important aspects of the study
How information from the study can be used in your research

Varkevisser CM, Pathmanathan I, Brownlee A. (2003). Designing and

Conducting Health Systems Research Projects. KIT Publishers,
Amsterdam International Development Research Centre. pp 68.

Searching and Indexing

Indexing

Indexing

Synthesizing and presenting

Write a coherent discussion in your
own words, using all relevant
literature linked to each other.
Write in a referencing system
(Harvard/Vancouver) use a
bibliography software when possible.
Varkevisser CM, Pathmanathan I, Brownlee A. (2003). Designing and
Conducting Health Systems Research Projects. KIT Publishers,
Amsterdam International Development Research Centre. pp 68.

Example
Evaluations among various PPM DOTS pilot projects
in many high-TB-burden countries showed that the
PPM DOTS approach was feasible to scale-up (WHO
2003a; WHO, 2004a) because it gave high
treatment success and case notification (Newell et
al., 2004; Kumar et al., 2005; Dewan et al., 2006).
Moreover, the PPM DOTS involving private
practitioners has been shown to be cost-effective
(WHO, 2004b, Floyd et al., 2006) and improve
equity in access (Lnnroth et al., 2007).
Probandari A. (2010). Revisiting the choice to involve hospitals in the
partnership for tuberculosis control. Umea University Sweden.
Dissertation.