What is Binary Number ?

Inmathematicsanddigital electronics, abinary

numberis anumberexpressed in thebinary
numeral system, orbase-2 numeral system,
which represents numeric values using two
different symbols: typically0 (zero)and1 (one).
Thebase-2system is apositional notationwith
aradixof 2. Because of its straightforward
implementation indigital electronic
circuitryusinglogic gates, the binary system is
used internally by almost all moderncomputers
and computer-based devices. Each digit is
referred to as abit.

History of Binary System

The modern binary number system
was discovered byGottfried Leibniz
in 1679.
The full title is translated into English
as the "Explanation of the Binary
Arithmetic", which uses only the
characters 1 and 0.
Leibniz's system uses 0 and 1, like
the modern binary numeral system.

An example of Leibniz's binary numeral system is as follows:

0 0 0 1 numerical value 20
0 0 1 0 numerical value 21
0 1 0 0 numerical value 22
1 0 0 0 numerical value 23

Counting in Binary
Counting in binary is similar to counting in any other number system. Beginning with a single digit, counting proceeds through each symbol, in increasing order. Before examining binary counting, it is useful to briefly discuss the more familiardecimalcounting system as a frame of reference.

Logic Gates
Alogic gateis an elementary building
block of a digital circuit. Mostlogic
gateshave two inputs and one output. At
any given moment, every terminal is in one
of the two binary conditions low (0) or high
(1), represented by different voltage levels.

Types of Logic Gates

There are seven different types of logic gates, which are

outlined below.
In the following examples, each logic gate except the NOT
gate has two inputs, A and B, which can either be 1 (True) or
0 (False). The resulting output is a single value of 1 if the
result is true, or 0 if the result is false.
AND- True if A and B are both True
OR- True if either A or B are True
NOT- Inverts value: True if input is False; False if input is
True
XOR- True if either A or B are True, but False if both are True
NAND- AND followed by NOT: False only if A and B are both
True
NOR- OR followed by NOT: True only if A and B are both
False
XNOR- XOR followed by NOT: True if A and B are both True
or both False

Representation of Logic
Gates