Building Services Design Process

Building Services Design
Process
Engineer Fahad Hasan
Yousuf Hasan Associates
Consulting Engineers
Building Services
Europe Building Services

Middle East- MEP Services
Asian Countries M&E
Services
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates,
fahad@yhassociates.com
Building Services
Branch of Engineering that combines

all the building services in buildings
Services
Other than Architectural and Structural

Building Services Engineer
Building Services are

building come to life.
what
A building must do what it is designed to

do not just provide shelter but also be
an environment where people can live,
work and achieve.
Building Services Engineer is the one

who makes that happen
make
Building Services
Building Services represent 30-50%

of the construction costs in buildings
40-50% of the energy consumed are

due to buildings
60-80% of the energy consumed in

buildings are due to Building
Services
Building Services Background
Building Services has a rich history
ASHRE was formed in 1959 by the merger of American

Society of Heating and A/C engineers founded in 1894 and
American Society of Refrigerating Engineers founded in
1904.
Building Services were formally recognized in 1976 with

the formation of Chartered Institution of Building Services
(CIBS). The word Engineers was added in 1985 to become
the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers
(CIBSE).
ASHRAE and CIBSE

hasHasan,
contributed
immensely towards the
Engr. Fahad
Y.H.Associates,
development.
Building Services
Engineering
ELECTRICAL SERVICES
Lighting
Electrical power
distribution
Telephone/communicat
ion systems
Fire detection, security
& surveillance systems
Lifts/escalators and
transportation systems
MECHANICAL SERVICES
Air conditioning &

ventilation systems
Fire protection
Water supply
Sewer, waste
water and storm
water disposal
Solid waste
disposal
Acoustics

Building Services
Engineering
Energy supply gas, electricity and power

Natural and artificial lighting
Escalators and lifts
Heating and air conditioning
Ventilation and refrigeration
Water, drainage and plumbing
Acoustics
Fire detection and protection
Security and alarm systems
Telephone and IT networks
Operation and maintenance
Role of Building Services Engineer
Four distinct areas associated with it
Design
Manufacture
Installation
Maintenance
Knowledge of (the above +
architecture) makes a complete Building
Services Engineer

Role of Building Services Engineer
Building Design Team requires
Initial inputs, user requirements

Door and window design
Site selection noise levels etc.
Location and orientation of the buildings
Design of the envelope
Planning of internal divisions
Actual Designs to follow

Developments
Building Services Management

Facilities Management
Water management
Lighting Design

Building Services Management
For What ??
Higher energy efficiency

Maintain appropriate comfort
levels
Higher productivity

Energy Efficiency
DEPENDS ON
Building envelope/fabric
Building Services
Management of building services (often
neglected)

DEFINITION (of European Committee

for Standardization and ratified by
British Standards)
Facilities Management is the

integration of processes within an
organization to maintain and develop
the agreed services which support and
improve the effectiveness of its
primary activities
Areas covered
Property Strategy Quality Policy,

Maintenance Policy, Purchasing Policy, etc.
Space Management
Communication and Infrastructure
including building fabric
Building Maintenance
Administration and Contract Management
including catering, cleaning, mail room,
health and safety
PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTIONS
The Chartered Institution of Building

Services Engineers, UK (CIBSE)
Facilities Management Group
British Institute of Facility
Management (BIFM)
CIBSE and BIFM have joined forces,
through signing a MOU, in December
2004 to develop and promote
excellence in facilities management
practices.
Institution promoting building services
Internationally
CIBSE
ASHRAE
Locally
Pakistan Engineering Council

Institution of Engineers Pakistan
ASHRAE Pakistan Chapter
Pakistan HVACR Society
Pakistan Green Building Council
Sustainability
Sustainable development is one

that meets the needs of the
present without compromising the
ability of future generations to
meet their own needs.

Building Services Design Process
Design of building services proceeds

through the following phases. The process
is subject to economic and time
constraints, to availability of or
preferences for certain equipment and to
modifications in design criteria as the
project progresses
Concept Stage
Schematic Design
Preliminary Design
Construction Phase
Acceptance of or commission Phase
Concept Stage
The functional use of the building, owner

and occupant requirements, architectural
concepts and budget limitations are
typically determined during this phase.
These requirements should be documented
in a statement of design intent for the
building systems, which is refined and
updated as the design progresses. If cold-air
distribution is to be considered for the
project, it is best to advance the option at
this point, so the entire design can be
developed to best realize its benefits.
For example, the reduced space

required for ductwork may allow
revisions to the structural design and
substantial cost savings. Reduced duct
space may also be a solution for
architectural design concepts such as
vaulted ceilings. Similarly, if underfloor
air distribution is to be considered, this
is the time to evaluate that option,
because it affects building height and
services design.
The concept phase begins when the

owner identifies the need for the
project and the program is developed.
The two end products of the program
phase for the services engineer
A detailed design intent statement

describing the selected systems
A commissioning or implementation
plan outlining the process by which the
system will be designed, installed and
commissioned
The design team performs a

feasibility study to evaluate
system options and establish a
budget. At the conclusion of the
concept phase, the owner selects
the desired systems, and the
design team produces the design
intent statement.

The Owners program includes information to

develop the following design criteria:
Building area, height and number of stories

Geographic site location
Building construction materials, area and type of
glazing and insulation levels
Conceptual architectural drawings
Functions of each area in the building
Occupancy and operating schedules
Environmental requirements, such as
temperature and humidity set points
Process loads, temperature and flow
requirements
Power requirements of the project

Life safety analysis which determines the
type of fire fighting system
Water requirements of the project
Possibilities for future growth or expansion
Acoustic requirements
Applicable codes and standards
Space available for equipment
Reliability requirements
Budgets for capital costs and operating costs
Sustainability requirements
Schematic Design
In this phase, the designer selects and

compares appropriate systems to meet the
buildings functional needs and develops
recommendations for the owner. This phase
typically involves evaluation of the benefits
and trade offs of different design approaches.
Annual energy consumption, demand and
costs, as well as system installed costs, are
estimated.
The level of analysis may range from simple
rule of thumb estimates to hour by hour
simulations with detailed cost comparisons
Preliminary
During this phase, building services

engineer coordinates the MEP systems with
architectural and structural systems to
resolve potential conflicts.
Building lighting calculations are refined
Building power calculations are refined,
detail load schedules are prepared
HVAC calculations are refined
Equipment sizes and capacities are
selected,
System layouts are developed
Final Design and Preparation

of Construction Documents
In this stage, the preliminary layouts

and equipment selections are fully
developed and the final drawings and
specifications are completed.
Some projects involve preparing
alternative designs, with bids for all
options. In such cases, the primary
option generally receives the most
effort during the design
Construction Phase
The design engineers

responsibilities during this phase
typically include reviewing shop
drawings, observing construction,
and conducting or witnessing system
performance tests.
Contractors may require guidance to
ensure that they follow the project
specifications rather than their
standard methods
Acceptance or Commissioning
Phase
The term commissioning is often

used to refer to the start up and
functional performance testing of
MEP systems.
Experience has shown that a
comprehensive commissioning
procedure is essential to the
success of a project
5 steps for successful completion of complex

building project
Whether its a new hospital, renovation of an existing
laboratory, or expansion of a manufacturing facility,
complex building systems in complex building types are
designed to perform at high levels. However, if not
commissioned properly, the high-performing facility you
thought was being built could be severely
underperforming. In fact, a recent study by Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory shows that in the U.S. alone,
nearly $10 billion is wasted through energy inefficiencies,
such as air duct leakages, unbalanced airflow, valve
leakages, improper controls setup and so on.
How can you save money and ensure that your complex
building is commissioned properly? For starters, there are
five simple steps.
1. Start early
Begin the commissioning process during the
pre-design or design stages. Just because the
bulk of the commissioning effort takes place
after construction completion does not mean
that you should wait until then to begin
commissioning. The process should start as
early as possible and be a collaborative
effort among all key stakeholders in the
buildings success: owner, architects,
engineers, construction manager,
subcontractors, building management, and
maintenance personnel.
2. Make a clear plan

Create a commissioning plan that defines the roles and expectations of
each stakeholder throughout the commissioning process. Most
subcontractors do not understand what is expected of them during
commissioning, drastically slowing the process. Preparing a
commissioning plan as early as possible is key to maintaining the
speed necessary to complete the project on time with no loss of
quality. The plan provides direction during the commissioning process,
particularly with regard to issues and details not fully developed
during design, such as scheduling, participating parties, lines of
reporting and approvals, coordination and so on.
In conjunction, a commissioning matrix can be developed that lists all
of the commissioning tasks, who is responsible for their completion,
and the timing of those steps, providing a visual document to guide
the process. The tasks identified in the matrix include procedures for
review and acceptance; requirements for documentation, development
and approval of commissioning plans; schedules; and inspection and
testing. By taking these steps, the subcontractors responsibilities are
clarified, making commissioning a much smoother process.
3. Put it into the schedule

Commissioning activities should be built right
into the master construction schedule. By
incorporating the various commissioning tasks
as line items in the master schedule, they are
more likely to be completed in the proper
sequence for a successful result. Adding
commissioning to the master schedule also
reinforces each stakeholders responsibilities
over time, and reemphasizes the collaborative
nature of the process by putting commissioning
front and center for everyone to see.
.
4. Document the process

Documenting each commissioning actcreating
a log of performance standards, inspections,
testing, and if necessary, corrective actions, for
systems and equipmentverifies that all
relevant design and construction work meets
the objectives established during the pre-design
and/or design stages. Detailed binders housing
these commissioning logs, known as turnover
packages, can then be created and maintained
to serve as a historical record of the
commissioning process for the facilitys
systems.
5. Train the operators

To ensure consistent building
performance on an ongoing basis, it is
essential to train the facility staff and
management team regarding the correct
operating procedures for all systems
installed. This effort can include one-onone training from the equipment
manufacturer/vendor and/or the controls
contractor, as well as producing manual
and video support programs.
Summing it up
Although not a comprehensive list, these five steps are the
cornerstone of a good commissioning process. This effort helps
assure owners that:
The project will be successfully completed within schedule
parameters.
The facility is fully functional at first occupancy.
The building optimizes energy efficiency to reduce operational
costs.
Facility managers and maintenance personnel are fully trained
and engaged, creating a better chance that ongoing maintenance
is managed, reducing system down time, expenses and so on.
A safer, more comfortable environment is created for workers and
guests.
There will be less miscommunication throughout the construction
process.
There will be fewer change orders.
thank you
Q/A


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Building Services Design

Europe Building Services

Branch of Engineering that combines

Other than Architectural and Structural

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates,

Building Services Engineer

Building Services are

A building must do what it is designed to

Building Services Engineer is the one

Building Services represent 30-50%

40-50% of the energy consumed are

60-80% of the energy consumed in

Building Services Background

Building Services has a rich history

ASHRE was formed in 1959 by the merger of American

Building Services were formally recognized in 1976 with

ASHRAE and CIBSE

Air conditioning &

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates,

Energy supply gas, electricity and power

Role of Building Services Engineer

Four distinct areas associated with it

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates,

Role of Building Services Engineer

Building Design Team requires

Initial inputs, user requirements

Actual Designs to follow

Building Services Management

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates,

Building Services Management

Higher energy efficiency

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates,

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates,

DEFINITION (of European Committee

Facilities Management is the

Property Strategy Quality Policy,

The Chartered Institution of Building

Institution promoting building services

Pakistan Engineering Council

Sustainable development is one

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates,