Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Building Construction
Building Construction
Topic.construction
Guided by
J.M.J SIR
D.M.P SIR
GROUP-2
1. Zavin gajera(group leader) ch-07
2. Jaydeep rangani ch-10
3. Ninma chandu ch-09
4. Nadan shah ch-12
5. Subham ch-11
Topic:construction
Introduction
Types of building
Design load/building load
Common building components
Introduction building bye-laws
Types of building
Two types of building
1. Based upon occupancy
2. Based on structure
Based upon occopany
Building include based upon occupany.
1. Residential building
2. Educational building
3. Institutional building
4. Assembly building
5. Business building
6. Mercantile building
7. Industrial building
8. Storage building
Based on structure
1.Load bearing structure
It has lod bearing walls which receive the
loads and transmit the same to the ground
though their foundation.
20,30,40,cm thick walls are load bearing
walls.
R.c.c slab is provided directly on load
bearing walls.
Based on
structure(contd)
Based on
structure(contd)
2.Framed structure
In the buildings with frammed
2
2 Office
Office ,light
,light work
work room
room 250-400
250-400
3
3 Bank,
Bank, office,
office, reading
reading 300
300
room
room
4
4 Shops,
Shops, classrooms,
classrooms, 400
400
assembly
assembly halls,
halls,
restaurants,
restaurants, power
power
station
station
5 Warehouse, workshop, 500-1000
5 Warehouse, workshop, 500-1000
factory, store room ,
factory, store room ,
dancehall
dancehall
6 Light garage 250-400
6 Light garage 250-400
7 Heavy garage 750
7 Heavy garage 750
8 Stairs 300-500
8 Stairs 300-500
9 Balcony 300-500
9 Balcony 300-500
The above stated loads are uniformly distributed statin
loads in kg/m2 on the plane area and provide for normal
effects of impact and acceleration.
3 80%
4 70%
5 60%
6 or more 50%
Dead lode
Dead lode comprises of the weight of all walls,
partitions, floors and roof including all other
permanent
NO construction
Material/structure in the building .
Unit weight
1 Wall : brick masonry
1 Wall : brick
10 cm thickmasonry
10cm
20 cmthick
thick 192
20
30 cm thick 384
2 Roof
30 cm :G.I sheet 0.5 mm thick
thick 576
2 1.63:G.I
Roof mmsheet
thick 0.5 mm thick 5
A.C sheet
1.63 mm thick 13
3 Slab R.C.C
A.C sheet 12.15.6
3
4 Slab R.C.C cement concrete )
PCC (plain 2400
4 PCC (plain cement concrete ) 2300
5 Mangalore tiles
5 Mangalore tiles 63
6
6 Clay
Clay 1440-1760
7
7 Sand
Sand 1540-2000
8 Fresh water 1000
9
9 Steel
Steel 7850
10 Cement 1440
10 Cement
11 Timber 650-720
11
12 Timber
Bricks 1600-1920
Wind load
Rain load
SUPER Substructe
STURCTURE r
Plinth Foundation
D.P.C
Walls and colums
Floors
Beams
Roofs and slabs
Lintels and Aechers
Doors and Window
Chajjas
Parapet
Steps and Stairs
Cupboard and Shelves
A typical cross section through door and window showing all
Building components
Defination of building
Components
Foundetion - It is a sturcture below the G.L . It is the lowest part of a
building
Plinth It is the portion of a building above ground up to the finished
floor level. It
is the loer most part of building
Walls It costructed by the use of bricks, stone, concrete , blocks , etc.
Column It is a load bearingg member of smaal section of bricks or
stone or concreate
Stair It is series of steps to connect the different floors of building
Roof It is the uppermost part of a building to cover the space below
Floors The floors of each storey, above ground level are none as
upper floors
Lintel It is defined as a horizontal structural member provided across
the opening the
doors and window
Beam It is defined as a horizontal structural member provided rested
Types of Foundation
Shallow Deep
BINED FOOTING -- A spread footing which support two or more colomuns is ture
T or MAT foundation It is a combined footing that covers the entire a
beneat a structure and supports all walls and
ck Masonry Wall
(3) Roof --
Types of roof
Cylindrical Spherical
(i) RCC SLAB WITH
BEAM
TYPES OF FLOOR
(1) Ground floors
(2) Upper floors
The different types of floor which are commonly used for floor constuction i
(1)Mud and Muram (9) Brick
(2)Flag stone (10) C.C
(3)Terrazzo (11)Marble
(4)Tiles (12)Asphalt
(5)Timber (13)Glass
(6)Rubber (14)Granite
(7)Cor (15)Mosaic tiles
(8)Plastic or PVC
Doors & Window
(A)Types of Door
(1) Battened and ledged door
(2) Framed and panelled door
(3) Flush door
(4) Revolving door
(5) Swing door
(6) Collapsible steel door
(7) Mild steel sheet door
(8) Glazed door