2

. ..
 A LEWIS
G.N. Lewis 1916
.
.
Lewis e-
.

(1875-1946)

John Dalton -1807

1916 Lewis


.
.


B 1s2 2s2 2p1

= 2s2 2p1

Br [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5

= 4s2 4p5


. .

12 2 3
45678





.
 Lewis
 Lewis


.
8
.

,

- e

- 4 ,5 ,6 7

d

-- () (Be)



 LEWIS
 A Lewis

 (F2)

1:


F F
1

2:

8
FF

3:
Lewis. F F
4:
F F
 HF-
-H2-

H F H H

HF HH

H F Lewis H H

H F
Kekule
H H

Kekule
 -CH4 -

H H
H
H C H HCH H C H
H H
H
Lewis Kekule
 -CO2-

e = (1x4e)C+(2x6e)O= 4e+12e=16e
A =2

.e= 16e-2x2e=16e-4e=12e

O2 2 O O O O O

N2 2 N N N N N







BeH2
H Be H
Be 2e-
2H 2x1e-
4e-

e= 4e-2x2=0

H Be H


-BF3-

F F
F
F B F FBF F B F

Lewis

F
B 3e- = 3
3F 3x7e-
24e-
.=24e-3x2e=18e
F B F
Kekule


N 5e-
NO O 6e- N O
11e-

F
F F
S 6e -

SF6 6F 42e- S
48e-
F F
F

 ()

) BeCl2

) BF3.
 ()

) CH4,

) PCl5,

) SF6.
 ()
 ()
 ()
 LEWIS :

CONH2

HNO3

(4)+ (3)-


. ..