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Theories _of

Failure
By:Nithyanantham.S
Intro

Stress
Strain
Tensile
compression
Principal stress
Shear stress
Shear strain
Yield stress
What is meant by failure?
Why does failure occur?
Within elastic limit Beyond elastic limit

Stress directly proprtional to No proportionality


strain

No deformtion Permanent deformation

failure=permanent deform
i.e occurs when stress is beyond limit
doesnt mean rupture of body
Tensile test
To determine failure or deformation
Stress directly proportional to strain
Definite value of tensile stress upto elastic
limit
What happens stress beyond elstic limit??
Theories of failure
Maximum principal stress theory
Maximum principal strain theory
Maximum shear stress theory
Maximum strain energy theory
Maximum shear strain energy theory
Max principal stress
Simple & old also kmown Rankines theory
1, 2, 3=principal stress
1> 2> 3
et =tensile stress at the elastic limit in simple
tension
ec=compressive stress at the elastic limit in
simple compression
Failure will occur when the maximum principle
tensile stress (1) reaches the value of max
stress @ elastic limit (et) in simple tension
(or)
The minimum principal stress (3) reaches the
value of max stress @ elastic limit in simple
compression

1>=et in simple tension

3>= ec in simple compression


Max principal strain
Saint venant
1, 2, 3=principal stress
1> 2> 3
et =tensile stress at the elastic limit in simple
tension
ec=compressive stress at the elastic limit in
simple compression
Occurs when principal tensile strain in

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