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Chapter 6 Prob Stat Random Variables
Chapter 6 Prob Stat Random Variables
0 elsewhere
Find the probability that a bottle of this medicine will have a shelf life of
a. at least 200 days
b. anywhere from 80 to 120 days
6. A continuous random variable x that can assume
values between X=2 and X = 5 has a density
function given by
f(x) = 2(1+x)/27
find the P ( X < 4 )
7. A continuous random variable x has the density
function
x for 0 < x < 1
f(x) = 2x for 1 x < 2
0 elsewhere
Find the P( x < 1.2)
8. Find the constant c such that the function
cx2 0<x<3
f(x) =
0 otherwise
is a density function.
n x n x
bx; n, p p q
x
where:
n = number of trials
X = number of successes of which probability we
are computing
p = probability of success in one trial
q = probability of failure in one trial
Note: p + q = 1
A binomial experiment is one that
possesses the following properties:
- the experiment consists of n repeated
trials
- each trial results in an outcome that
may be classified as a success or a
failure
- the probability of a success remains
constant from trial to trial
- the repeated trials are independent
Examples:
x n-x
h(x; N,, n , k)
N
n
where:
X = number of successes
n = number of trials or the sample size
N = population from which the sample is taken
k = total number of items in N which are assigned a
successes.
The mean and variance of the hypergeometric
distribution are:
Mean () = nk / N
N-n k k
Variance= ------ (n) --- 1- ------
N-1 N N
7. From a lot of 10 missiles, 4 are selected at random and
fired. If the lot contains 3 defective missiles that will not
fire, what is the probability that
b. All four will fire
c At most two will not fire
13. If there are 500 customers per eight hour day in a check out
lane, what is the probability that there will be exactly 3 in
line during ant five minute period?
The Poisson Approximation of the
Binomial Distribution
x 1 k x k
b * ( x; k , p) p q , x k , k 1, k 2,
k 1
17. The probability that a person, living in a certain city,
owns a dog is estimated to be 0.3. Find the probability
that the tenth person randomly interviewed in that city
is the fifth one to own a dog.
14. In an NBA championship series, the team which wins
four games out of seven will be the winner. Suppose that
team A has probability 0.55 of winning over the team B and
both teams A and B face each other in the championship
games.
a. What is the probability that team A will win the series in
the 6th game?
b. What is the probability that team A will win the series?
c. If both teams face each other in a regional playoff series
and the winner is decided by winning three out of five games,
what is the probability that team A will win the playoff?
I. GEOMETRIC DISTRIBUTION
1 /( B A) A x B
( x; A, B)
0 elsewhere
F(x)
0 A B x
A B ( B A) 2
and - - - - - - -
2 12
1) The daily amount of coffee, in liters, dispensed by a
machine located in an airport, lobby is a random
variable X having a continuous uniform distribution
with A = 7 and B = 10. Find the probability that on a
given day the amount, of coffee dispensed by this
machine will be (a) at most 8.8 liters; (b) more than
7.4 liters but less than 9.5 liters; (c) at least 8.5 liters.
2) A bus arrives every 10 minutes at a bus stop. It is
assumed that the waiting time for a particular indi
vidual is a random variable with a continuous uniform
distribution. (a) What is the probability that the
individual waits more than 7 minutes? (b) What is the
probability that the individual waits between 2 and 7
minutes?
6
H. Normal Distribution
f(x)
x
1
(1/ 2 )[( x ) / ]2
n( x; , ) - - - - - - - - - e , - x
2
where 3.14159... and e 2.71828...
Properties:
1. The total area under the normal curve is equal to
one (1).
2. The curve is symmetric about and the area under
the curve on each side of the mean equals to .5.
3. The tails of the curve extend indefinitely
4. Each pair of values for and determine a
different normal curve.
5. The highest point on a normal curve occurs at the
mean.
6. The mean, median and mode are all equal for a
normal curve.
7. The mean locates the center of the curve and can
be any real numbers, negative, positive or 0
8. The standard deviation is positive and determines
the shape of the normal curve.