Manyan Darussan Da Ke Cikin Watan Ramadaan: Dr. Ahmad Bello Dogarawa, Abu Abdir-Rahmān

MANYAN DARUSSAN DA KE
CIKIN WATAN RAMADAAN
Dr. Ahmad Bello Dogarawa, Abu Abdir-Rahmn

Sashen Koyar da Aikin Akanta, Jamiar Ahmadu Bello, Zaria
+2348026499981 (abellodogarawa@gmail.com)
Shimfixa game da Azumin Ramadan
Ramadan shi ne wata na [1]
tara a jerin watannin Musulunci
guda goma sha biyu. Shi ne watan da a ka farlanta wa
Musulumi yin azumi a cikinsa, a shekara ta biyu bayan
hijirar Manzon Allah (SAW) daga Makkah zuwa Madina.
Ramadan shi ne watan da a cikinsa:
A ka saukar da Alqurani daga lauhul mahfuz zuwa
baitul izzah, a daren laylatul qadri, a matsayin shiriya ga
mutane, da bayanin da ke rarrabewa tsakanin gaskiya da
qarya, kuma bushara, da waraka, da rahama ga muminai.

o
[Baqarah, 2:185]
Wednesday, July 17, 2013 Dr. Ahmad Bello Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 2
[2] a bubbuxe qofofin aljannah;
A ke rurrufe qofofin wuta;
kuma a xaxxaure shaixanu.
A ke nunnuka ladan kyawawan ayyuka
A ke samun daren qaddarawa (Laylatul Qadr), wanda
alhairinsa ya fi na wata dubu xaya (shekara 83 da wata 4).
Ramadan shi ne watan da a ka fi yantar da bayi daga wuta;
watan gafarar zunuban da a ka yi a cikin shekarar da ta
gabata; watan yawaita kyauta da sadaka da ciyarwa; watan
ziyara; kuma watan yawaita nauoin ayyukan alhairi.
][3
Azumin watan Ramadan wajibi ne. Wajibcinsa ya tabbata
a cikin Alqurani, da Sunnah, da Ijmaai.

o
][Baqarah, 2:185

:
" :

][Bukhari; Muslim
" :

" . : ][Muslim
:[ 4]
:
[Bukhari] ...
Ijmai ya qullu a kan wajibcin yin azumin watan Ramadn
tun daga zamanin Sahabban Manzon Allah (SAW) ba tare
da savani ba. Duk Musulmin duniya sun yarda cewa azumin
Ramadn rukuni ne daga cikin rukunan Musulunci guda
biyar, kuma wanda duk ya sava wa hakan ya bar Musulunci
Tabbataccen abu ne a wajen Muminai cewa wanda duk ya
qi yin azumin watan Ramadn ba tare da wani qwaqqwaran
dalili ba (uzuri karvavve) ya fi mazinaci da mashayin giya
muni, kuma suna shakkar (gaskiyar) Musuluncinsa... [Ad-
Dhahabi: Al-Kabaair]
o Watan Ramadn makaranta[5]
ce ta jaddada imani; kuma wuri
ne da a ke tsayawa don yin cajin batirin ruhi, kuma a samu
guzuri na taqawa da tattali har na tsawon shekara xaya.
o Wata ne da a ke koyon darussa daban daban na tarbiyyar
ruhi, da gyaran xabiu, da samun kusanci ga Allah, tare
kyautata alaqa tsakanin bawa da Ubangijinsa a cikinsa da
kuma alaqar da ke tsakanin bayin Allah.
o Sanin darussa da kwasakwasan da ke cikin wannan wata mai
albarka na da matuqar muhimmanci, domin kuwa zai taimaka
wa Musulmi wajen gane irin nasarar da ya samu, ko
matsalolin da ya fuskanta, a qarshen watan. Daga cikin
darussan, akwai:
Manyan Darussan
Ramadan
Samun Taqwaa
Kusanci ga Allah
Haxin kai da tsarin shugabanci
Koyon Haquri
Samun kyawawan xabiu
Taqawa

][Baqarah, 2:183
Taqawa [1]
o Allah (TWT) Ya sanya taqawa a matsayin babbar alama ta
imani, kuma mafi alhairin guzurin da mutum zai yi a nan
duniya saboda lahira
[Maaidah, 5:57] o

[Baqarah, 2:197] o
o Saboda muhimmancin taqawa, Allah (TWT) Ya umurci
ManzonSa (SAW) da lazimtarta kasancewar ita ce babbar
wasiyyar da Allah Ya yi wa mutanen farko da na qarshe,
kuma ita ce maaunin fifiko a tsakanin mutane a wajenSa
[Ahzaab, 33:1]
o

[Nisaa, 4:131]
o
[Hujuraat, :13] o
]Taqawa [2
o A Shariance, taqawa na nufin bin umurnin Allah da
nisantar haninSa.
o :

o " " :
:

o Ibn Masuud (RA) ya fassara :

o ][Haakim
]Taqawa [3
o " " - :

o " " - :
:
o Ke nan, masu taqawa su ne waxanda ke bauta wa Allah Shi
kaxai bisa ikhlasi, su ke bin umurni da haninSa a kowane
lokaci, a kowane hali, a kowane wuri.
o " " - :
:

Taqawa [4]
o Azumin watan Ramadaan ya kamata a ce ya taimaka mana
wajen samun taqawa don:
1) Kiyaye dokokin Allah a kowane lokaci
2) Yi wa kai hisabi
3) Lazimtar addini, da ba da himma ga alamuran Lahira
4) Girmama abubuwan da Allah Ya ce a girmama (
)
5) Amsa kiran Allah
6) Kiyaye wajibai da nisantar haram
7) Yin afuwa da rangwame
8) Xabbaqa dokokin Allah
Taqawa [6]
o Ya kamata mu tambayi kanmu a kowace rana, tun daga
farkon watan har qarshensa:
1) Shin azumin da muka yi a yau ya qara mana tsoron
Allah, da biyayya gare Shi?
2) Shin wannan azumi ya taimaka mana wajen nisantar da
kawunanmu daga savon Allah?
---
---
Kusanci ga Allah da samun
SoyayyarSa

[Bukhari]
Kusanci ga Allah [1]
o Kasancewar azumin watan Ramadaan ba kawai farilla ba ne,
aa, xaya ne ma daga cikin rukunan Musulunci guda biyar,
ya kamata ya kasance kowane mai azumi ya samu kusanci
ga Allah (TWT).
o Manzon Allah (SAW) ya kasance yana yin bushara ga
sahabbansa (RAHM) idan Ramadan ya shigo, don ya
zaburar da su a kan ayyukan alhairi; kuma su xaura
xammarar neman qarin kusanci ga Allah (SWT).
o

. :
[Tirmidhi; Ibn Maajah]
Kusanci ga Allah [2]
o Yana daga hanyoyin samun kusanci ga Allah (SWT) a cikin
watan Ramadan:
1) Yin azumin Ramadan bisa ikhlasi da koyi da Manzon Allah
(SAW)
2) Kiyaye sallolin farilla
3) Yawaita sallolin nafila, musamman tarawih/qiyamul layl
4) Karatun Alqurani, da yawaita adduoi da istigfari
5) Halartar/sauraren waazi, da tafsirin Alqurani
6) Sadaka, kyauta, ziyara, da ciyarwa
7) Neman lailatul qadri
8) Iitikafi
9) Umrah
Kyawawan Xabiu

[Ibn

]Khuzaimah; Haakim
Kyawawan Xabiu [1]
o Manzon Allah (SAW) shi ne shugaban masu kyawawan
xabiu, kuma da ma an aiko shi ne don ya cika halaye na gari
[Qalam, 4] o
[Ibn Saad] o
:

o
[Tirmidhi]

o Manzon Allah (SAW) ya kasance ya na roqon Allah (TWT)
Ya kyautata xabiunsa, kamar yadda ya kyautata halittarsa
[Ahmad; Ibn Hibbaan; Xayaalasiy] o

o
[Tirmidhi; Abu Daawud]

Kyawawan Xabiu [2]
o Wannan ya sa Anas (RA) ya ce:
o

[Bukhari; Muslim]
o Kuma Barraa ibn Aazib (RA) ya ce:

o
[Muslim]
o Manzon Allah (SAW) ya yi umurni da kyautata muamala
ga mutane, kuma ya yi wa xaya daga cikin Sahabbansa
wasiyya da kyakkyawar xabia
[Tirmidhi] o
[Abu Yaalaa; Silsilah Saheehah, o
Wednesday, July 17, 2013 Dr. Ahmad Bello Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 4/576] 19
Kyawawan Xabiu [3]
o Kyawawan xabiu ne mafi nauyaya mizanin mumini
[Abu Dwud da

o
Tirmidhi]
o Suna xaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi shigar da
mutane aljanna
:

o
[Tirmidhi]
o Suna daga cikin abubuwa guda huxu waxanda Manzon
Allah (SAW) ya ce idan mutum na da su, ka da ya yi baqin
ciki a kan duk wani abin duniya da ya rasa.
o
[Ahmad]
Kyawawan Xabiu [4]
o Su ne mafi alhairin kyautar da Allah ke yi wa bayinSa
[Xabarni] o
o Suna daga cikin abubuwan biyu da ke wadatar da abokan
zama

o

[Bazzaar]
o Xaya daga cikin ayyukan da ba bu kamarsu
o
[Abu Yaalaa; Silsilah Saheehah, 4/576]
o Xaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke qara albarkar rayuwa
o
Wednesday, July
17, 2013 Dr. Ahmad Bello
Dogarawa, ABU,
Zaria 21
Kyawawan Xabiu [5]
o Daga cikin kyawawan xabiu da azumin Ramadan ya
kamata ya koya wa Musulmi, akwai:
1) Nisantar qarya da rashin aiki da ita

o
[Bukhari]
2) Haquri da juriya da rashin wauta

o
[Ibn Khuzaimah; Haakim]

o
[Bukhari; Muslim]
]Kyawawan Xabiu [6
)3 Taka-tsantsan don gudun ka da a yi wahalar banza
[Ahmad; Haakim; Ibn o
]Khuzaimah
4) Kamewa daga savon Allah

: o

][Baihaqi

][Baihaqi : o
" : : [Ibn o
]Abi Shaybah
" : " ][Ibn Abi Shaybah o
]Kyawawan Xabiu [6
)5 Kyauta

"

o

" ][Bukhari; Ahmad
)6 Ciyarwa

o
][Tirmidhi
Haquri da Juriya

[Ahmad]
Haquri [1]
o A cikin littafin at-Tamhd, Ibn Abdul-Barr ya ce: Watan
haquri shi ne watan Ramadn. An kira azumi da suna
haquri saboda yana hana (wanda ke yinsa) cin abinci, da shan
abin sha, da saduwa da mace.
o Haquri na daga manyan darussan da ke cikin watan Ramadan.
o Malamai sun bayyana cewa haquri ya kasu gida uku:
1) Haquri a kan xaa ga Allah

o
[Maryam, 65]

o

[Xaaha, 132]
Haquri [2]
2) Haquri a kan barin sava wa Allah

o

.

[Yuusuf,
12:32-33]
3) Haquri a kan qaddarorin Allah masu raxaxi

o

[Baqarah, 2:155]

o Ramadan ya qunshi ayyukan xaa: azumi, da tsayuwar dare,
da karatun Alqurani, da kyautatawa, da ciyarwa, da zikiri,
da addua, da tuba da istigfari
Haquri [3]
o Watan Ramadan ya qunshi barin qarya, da algush, da zagi,
da jayayya, da nauoin savon Allah da a ke yi da gavuvva
ko harshe.
o Haka kuma azumin Ramadan ya qunshi daurewa yunwa,
da qishin ruwa, da tauye rai daga shaawar jimai
o Waxannan abubuwa ba su yiwuwa sai da haquri.
o Abu Yaalaa Al-Muusaliy ya ce:

Haxin kai da Tsarin
Shugabanci

[Tirmidhi]
Haxin kai da Tsarin Shugabanci [1]
o Daga cikin manyan darussan Ramadan, akwai nuna haxin
kai da tsarin shugabanci a tsakanin Musulmi, ta yadda
Musulmin duniya baki xaya ke yin azumi a watan
Ramadaan, ko da an samu banbancin kwana xaya a tsakanin
wasu qasashe saboda banbancin lokacin fitan alfijir da
faxuwar rana.
o Haka kuma, suna yin azumi bisa sanarwar da shugaban da
dukkan alumma ta yarda da shugabancinsa ya ba da, kamar
dai yadda Manzon Allah (SAW) ya ce:

o
[Tirmidhi]
: : o
Wednesday, July 17, 2013
30
Dr. Ahmad Bello Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria
o Amma a yau, rashin haxin kai a tsakanin Musulmi na daga
cikin manyan matsalolin da su ka addabi alumma.
o Savani a tsakanin Musulmi wani abu ne da aka qaddara,
kuma dole ne ya auku.

*

o
[Hud, 11:118-119]
o Kuma Manzon Allah (SAW) ya bayyana cewa ya roqi
Allah (TWT) ka da Ya sanya savani a tsakanin alummarsa,
amma Allah bai amsa ba [Muslim]
o Haka kuma, Manzon Allah (tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata
a gare shi) ya tabbatar da cewa alummarsa za ta kasu gida
sabain da uku (73), kashi sabain da biyu (72) daga cikinsu
`yan wuta ne.

o
: :

[Abu Dawud da Ahmad]
o Duk da haka, an nemi musulmi da yin riqo da sabubban da za
su kawo qarshen duk wani irin savani a tsakaninsu, domin su
zamanto alumma guda xaya, wadda za ta yi gwagwarmayar
tabbatar da dokokin Allah da tsare-tsarenSa a doron qasa.
[Anbiy, 21:92] o
o Allah (Maxaukaki) Ya yi umurni da haxin kai, da yin riqo da
igiyarSa, kuma Ya hana rarraba.
[Aal Imrn, 3:103] o
o Ya bayyana cewa jayayya da savani na haifar da rauni da
rashin qarfi ga alumma.
[Anfl, 8:46] o
o Ya tsawatar game bin hanyar waxanda suka rarraba, suka yi
savani a tsakaninsu, kasancewar Manzon Allah (tsira da
amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi) ba shi a kan irin wannan
hanya.
[Aal Imrn, o
3:105]
[Anm, 6:159]

o
o Yabayyana cewa son a rarraba, da kuma son yin savani, na
daga cikin xabiun mushrikai.

[Rm, 30:31-
.
o
32]
o Don haka, Ya sharanta mana bin addini sahihi, wanda a ka
yi wa Annabawa da Manzanni wasiyya da shi.

[Shr, 42:13] o
o Kuma Manzon Allah (SAW) ya bayyana cewa Allah (TWT)
bai yarda da rabuwar kai a tsakaninmu ba
o
[Ahmad] [Muslim]
]Daga Qarshe [1

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Wednesday, July 17, 2013

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35
Dr. Ahmad Bello Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria
]Daga Qarshe [2
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]Daga Qarshe [3

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MANYAN DARUSSAN DA KE

CIKIN WATAN RAMADAAN

Dr. Ahmad Bello Dogarawa, Abu Abdir-Rahmn

Haxin kai da tsarin shugabanci

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