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MILLER INDICES
PROCEDURE FOR FINDING MILLER INDICES
DETERMINATION OF MILLER INDICES
IMPORTANT FEATURES OF MILLER INDICES
CRYSTAL DIRECTIONS
SEPARATION BETWEEN LATTICE PLANES
PLANES IN A CRYSTAL
( 1 0 0 ) plane
Worked Example:
A certain crystal has lattice parameters of 4.24, 10 and 3.66 on X,
Y, Z axes respectively. Determine the Miller indices of a plane
having intercepts of 2.12, 10 and 1.83 on the X, Y and Z axes.
Lattice parameters are = 4.24, 10 and 3.66
The intercepts of the given plane = 2.12, 10 and 1.83
i.e. The intercepts are, 0.5, 1 and 0.5.
Step 1: The Intercepts are 1/2, 1 and 1/2.
Step 2: The reciprocals are 2, 1 and 2.
Step 3: The least common denominator is 2.
Step 4: Multiplying the lcd by each reciprocal we get, 4, 2 and 4.
Step 5: By writing them in parenthesis we get (4 2 4)
Worked Example:
Calculate the miller indices for the plane with intercepts 2a,
- 3b and 4c the along the crystallographic axes.
Worked Example
Find the angle between the directions [2 1 1] and [1 1 2] in a
cubic crystal.
u1u 2 v1 v2 w1 w 2
cos
(u12 v12 w12 ) (u 22 v 22 w 22 )
In this case, u1 = 2, v1 = 1, w1 = 1, u2 = 1, v2 = 1, w2 = 2
(2 1) (1 1) (1 2) 5
cos
22 12 l2 12 12 22 6
= 35 3530.
(1)
a a a
OA , OB and OC
h k l
d1 d1 d1
cos
1
,cos
1
and cos
1 (2)
OA OB OC
From the property of direction of cosines,
a a a
Substituting equation (4) in (3), we get,
2 2 2
d1h d1k d1l
a a a 1
2 2 2 2 2 2
d h d k d l
1
2
2 1
1 1
2
a a a
PH 0101 UNIT 4 LECTURE 2 29
2
d1
2
(h 2
k 2
l 2
) 1
a
a2
2
i.e. d1
(h 2 k 2 l2 )
a
d1 ON (5)
h 2 k 2 l2
2a 2a 2a
OA 1
, OB
1
, OC
1
,
h k l
2a
OM d 2
h 2 k 2 l2
i.e.Interplanar spacing
a
d d 2 d1
(6)
h 2 k 2 l2
Worked Example
a = 4.031
(h k l) = (2 1 1)
a 4.031 1010
Interplanar spacing d
h 2 k 2 l2 22 12 12
d = 1.6456
PH 0101 UNIT 4 LECTURE 2 33
PROBLEMS
Worked Example:
Find the perpendicular distance between the two planes indicated by
the Miller indices (1 2 1) and (2 1 2) in a unit cell of a cubic lattice
with a lattice constant parameter a.
We know the perpendicular distance between the origin and the plane is (1 2 1)
a a a
d1
h12 k12 l12 12 22 12 6
and the perpendicular distance between the origin and the plane (2 1 2),
a a a a
d2
h 2
2 k 2
2 l 2
2 2 2
1 2
2 2
9 3
d = d1 d2 = a a 3a 6a a(3 6)
6 3 3 6 3 6
(or) d = 0.0749 a.