Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PART 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Understanding People in Organizations
Motivating, Satisfying,
and Leading Employees
Contributions:
What does each employee expect to contribute to
the organization?
Inducements:
What will the organization provide to each
employee in return?
Job Satisfaction:
Degree of enjoyment employees
derive from doing their jobs
TURNOVER
MORALE
High Morale:
An overall positive employee
TURNOVER
attitude toward the workplace
MORALE
Low Turnover:
A low percentage of employees
leave each year
Motivation:
The set of forces that cause people to behave in
certain ways
Classical
Behavior: The Hawthorne Studies
Contemporary
Copyright ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. 8-9
The Human Resources Model
Theory X and Theory Y
Theory X Theory Y
People are lazy. People are energetic.
General Organizational
Examples Examples
Self-
Self-
Self-Fulfillment
Actualization
Actualization
Challenging Job
Needs
Needs
Status Esteem Needs
Esteem Needs Job Title
Dissatisfaction Satisfaction
Reinforcement/behavior
modification
Management by objectives
Participative management
and empowerment
Job enrichment and job
redesign
Modified work schedules
Punishment
Positive Reinforcement
When rewards are tied directly to
performance
Collaborative Communicating
Periodic
Goal Setting & Organizational Evaluation
Review
Planning Goals & Plans
Meeting
Setting
Verifiable Goals
& Clear Plans
Counseling
Identifying
Resources
Telecommuting and
virtual offices
Joe
Sue
Pat
Advantages Disadvantages
More satisfied, Challenging to
committed coordinate and
employees manage
Less congestion Poor fit for some
workers
The process of
motivating others
to work to meet
specific objectives
Source: www.theleadershipchallenge.com
Source: Jack Welch Tells It Straight from the Gut, Anderson Assets, Winter 2002
Copyright ©2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. 8 - 25
Managerial Styles
Autocratic Style
Democratic Style
Free-rein Style
Contingency Approach
The appropriate style in any situation is contingent
on the unique elements of that situation
Motivation
Security and pay are no
longer enough
Leadership
“Coach” mentality
Diversity
Flexibility