Professional Documents
Culture Documents
HJR Inc.
Heather Nelson
Jeannette Harduby
Rudi Schuech
Problem
• People in developing
countries do not have
access to clean water,
leading to a variety of
water-borne diseases
and high infant mortality
• According to a study by
Nat Paynter, women in
Nepal can spend up to
five hours a day carrying
15 kg (33 lb) of water for
their families
(Partial) Solution
• Low-cost POU water
treatment
technologies need to
be developed and
implemented around
the world.
• CANDLE FILTERS!
What is a Candle Filter?
• The most common ceramic water filter.
• Looks like an upside-down candle, screwed into
the base of the upper portion of a two container
water filter.
• Water poured into the upper basin, where it
filters through the candle and collects in the
lower container.
• A ceramic filter physically traps microorganisms
and other suspended contaminants in its pores.
Pictures
Candle Filters
• <http://web.mit.edu/civenv/html/people/alumni_newsletters/summer_03/ar
t2.htm>
• <http://www.firstwater.info/pdf/Ceramic%20Water%20Filter.pdf>
• <http://www.handpump.org/handpump.htm>
• <http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/wsh0207/en/index5.html
>
• <http://www.irc.nl/page/7510>
• <http://www.thinkcycle.org/tc-
filesystem/download/development_by_design_2001/efficiency_of_househ
old_water_treatment_technologies_in_nepal_on_candle_filters,_biosand_
filters,_terracotta_filters_&_sodis/ENPHOsummary.doc>
• <http://doultonusa.com>
• <http://www.jamesfilter.com/frequently_asked_water_filter_qu.htm>
• <http://www.australispartners.com.au/ceramic>