Third Year Science

Electronics
 In this topic:
• The Diode
• Light-Emitting Diode (LED)
• Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR)
 The Diode
Diode: a device that allows an electric
current to flow in one direction only

Diodes will only allow current to flow (conduct

electricity) if it is placed correctly in a circuit
 The Diode: Forward Bias
Forward bias: the diode allows current to
flow
 The Diode: Reverse Bias
Reverse bias: the diode will not allow
current to flow
 Everyday applications of diodes
Mobile phones & computers

Using diodes ensures that

the current only flows in the
correct direction

Convert a.c. to d.c.: this is known as

rectifying
 Light-Emitting Diode (LED)
LED: a diode that gives out light when a
current passes through it
Remember:
LEDs are diodes
They will only light up if it they are forward biased
 An LED needs a resistor
• LEDs use very small current
• If used with a large current, the LED will burn out
• To stop this, a resistor is used (connected in
series) to limit the current
Everyday applications of LEDs

Christmas lights Bicycle lights

Cash register
displays LED TVs
 Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR)
LDR: a resistor whose value of resistance
can change depending on its light exposure
• Low resistance
Bright light on an LDR
• Larger current can flow through
• High resistance
Dim light on an LDR
• Smaller current can flow through
 Uses of LDR
• Can arrange for electrical devices to be
controlled by light

Light meter on a
Street lights
camera