2006/07/28

Flyback converter

Behzad Behnam
92/2/15

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Q D Q D

- 1:1 -

Vin L C R VO Vin L C R VO
+ +

Buck-Boost converter
n1:n2 D Q D

+ 1:1 -
C R VO VO
Vin Vin C R
-
+

Flyback converter

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n1
Let n
n2

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CCM waveforms Vp
Mode 1(0≤t<DT):Q on Vin
t
n1 : n2
-n·VO
iin D iO
+ - + iLm
Lm C R VO ILm,max
Vin VP VS
- ILm(0)
- + t
DT T
iLm
Q VQ
Vin+n·VO

t
Mode 2(DT≤t<T):Q off
n1 : n2 D iD
iLm n·ILm(DT)
iD iO
+ - + n·ILm(T)
iC VO t
Vin Lm VS DT T
VP C R -
- + iC
iC,max
Q ∆I
Q+
t
Q-
-iO
DT T
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CCM equations(1/2)
n1 : n2
D iO
iin
+ - + Vp
Lm C R VO
Vin VP VS
- Vin
- +

iLm t
Q
-n·VO

【Mode 1(0≤t<DT)】 iLm

ILm,max
V p  Vin ILm(0)
Vin t
iLm (t )   t  I Lm (0).......(1) DT T
Lm

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CCM equations (2/2)

n1 : n2 D
iLm iD iO
+ - + Vp
iC VO
Vin Lm VS
VP C R -
Vin
- +
t
Q
-n·VO

【Mode 2(DT≤t<T)】 iLm

n ILm,max
V p   1 Vo
n2 ILm(0)
n t
Let n 1 DT T
n2
Vo  n
iLm (t )    (t  DT )  I Lm  ( DT )........( 2)
Lm
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VOLT.SEC Balance (CCM)

Vp
n1 : n2 Vin
D t
+ - +
-n·VO
C R VO
Vin VP VS iLm
- ILm,max
- +
ILm(0)
t
Q DT T

VQ

In steady state have

Vin+n·VO

t
T
V
0
p (t )dt  0 iD
n·ILm(DT)
DT T
  Vin dt   n  Vo (t )dt  0
n·ILm(T)
t
0 DT DT T

VO D n2 D iC
    iC,max
Vin n  (1  D) n1 1  D Q+
∆I
t
Q-
-iO
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DT T
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Current in steady state (1/2)

n1 : n2
D
+ - + iLm
C R VO ILm,max
Vin VP VS
-
- + ILm(0)
t
Q
DT T

From (1)、(2) iD
Vin n·ILm(DT)
I Lm ( DT )  I Lm (0)   DT .................(3)
Lm n·ILm(T)
n Vo t
I Lm ( DT )  I Lm (0)   (1  D)T .......(4) DT T
Lm
n  [ I Lm ( DT )  I Lm (0)] Vo
I O ,ave  I D ,ave   (1  D) 
2 R
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Current in steady state(2/2)

n1 : n2
D
+ - + iLm
C R VO ILm,max
Vin VP VS
-
- + ILm(0)
Q t
DT T

iD
Vin  D Vin  DT n·ILm(DT)
I Lm (0)   ...........(5)
n  R  (1  D)
2 2
2  Lm n·ILm(T)
V D Vin  DT t
I Lm ( DT )  2 in  .......(6) DT T
n  R  (1  D) 2
2  Lm
n 2  (1  D) 2  R  T
Lcrit 
2
 Lm  Lcrit
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Voltage ripple
n1 : n2
iLm
D
+ - + ILm,max
C R VO ILm(0)
Vin VP VS
-
+ t
- DT T
Q
iC
iC,max
∆I
ΔQ -  DT  I o Q+
t
Q-
C  Vc  DT  I o -iO

DT  I o iD
DT T
 Vc  n·ILm(DT)
C n·ILm(T)
Vc D t
 DT T
Vc R C  f
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Flyback DCM
Vp
【Mode 3(D1T≤t<T)】 Vin

n1 : n2 D t
-n·VO
Io
+ - +
iLm
Lm VO
Vin VP VS
C R -
- +
t
DT D1T T
Q

VQ
Vin+n·VO

iin  iLm  iD  0 Vin

t

VQ  Vin iD

n·ILm(DT)
t
DT D1T T

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(DCM)
Vp

V D Vin  DT Vin
I Lm (0)  2 in  ........(5) t
n  R  (1  D) 2
2  Lm -n·VO

V D Vin  DT iLm
I Lm ( DT )  2 in  ....(6)
n  R  (1  D) 2
2  Lm
Vin  DT DT D1T T
t
I Lm ,max 
Lm iin

1 DT I Lm ,max Vin  D 2T ILm,max

I in   iin dt  DT 
T 0 2 T 2  Lm t

Pin  Po  VQ
Vin+n·VO
Vo R
D Vin
2  Lm  f
t
Vin
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DCM
n1 : n2
Vp
D
+ - + Vin
C R VO t
Vin VP VS
- -n·VO
- +
iLm
Q

t
Vin  D Vin  DT
DT D1T T
I Lm (0)   ...........(5)
n  R  (1  D)
2 2
2  Lm iin

ILm,max
Vin  D Vin  DT
I Lm ( DT )   .......(6) t
n  R  (1  D)
2 2
2  Lm
n 2  (1  D) 2  R  T VQ
Lcrit  Vin+n·VO
2 Vin
t
 Lm  Lcrit
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PSpice flyback simulation

（BCM）
Vsecond
D1
Vin (V) 48 Iin Id MUR405 Vo
V8
4 4 3 3 3 6 6 7 7 7

Vout (V) 4 Rp X1 7

2 XFMR ICo 7 IRL

3 Co RL
Ip
D(%) 45.5 Vprimary 100u 8


2 1
4
Lp
Io,B (A) 0.5 Vin
48 1 1.19m

n1:n2 10:1 1 1 1
Vds
Vgs X1x
Lp,crit (H) 1.19m 5 5 IRF330
V7

RL (Ω) 8

F=100khz
n 2  (1  D) 2  R  T
Lcrit   1.19mH
2
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BCM (Lp,B=1.19mH)
1 ip 2 iin 3 id(d1)

0.2A
400m 800m 12.0

1 IP
0 400m 8.00

0.2A
id(d1) in amps
iinin amps
ipin amps

Iin
Plot1

-400m 0 4.00 2

2A 3 ID
-800m -400m 0

-1.20 -800m -4.00

2.480m 2.490m 2.500m 2.510m 2.520m

time in secs
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CCM (Lp=5mH)
1 vgs 2 vds 3 vprimary 4 vsecond 5 vo

3.5V
200 4.00 80.0 470 80.0

100V 5 Vo
2
VDS
0 2.00 40.0 310 60.0
vprimary in volts

vsecond in volts
vdsin volts

vgsin volts
voin volts

VGS
Plot1

-200 0 0 150 40.0 1

54V

-400 -2.00 -40.0 -10.0 20.0

3 Vprimary
4V -42V
4 Vsecond
-600 -4.00 -80.0 -170 0

-4V 1.980m 1.990m 2.000m 2.010m 2.020m

time in secs
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CCM( Lp=5mH)
1 i(lp) 2 iin 3 id(d1) 4 ico 5 i(rl)
0.4A

2.00 1.00 600m 400m 7.00

1A 5 IRL
3 ID
0.6A
0 -1.00 400m 200m 5.00
0.1A
id(d1) in amps

i(lp)in amps
i(rl)in amps

icoin amps
iinin amps

Iin
Plot1

-2.00 -3.00 200m 0 3.00 2

0.1A
1 ILp
-4.00 -5.00 0 -200m 1.00 60mA
0.6A 4 ICo

-0.4A
-6.00 -7.00 -200m -400m -1.00

2.480m 2.490m 2.500m 2.510m 2.520m

time in secs 35
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CCM (Lp=2mH)
1 vprimary 2 vsecond 3 vo 4 vds

50V
20.0 30.0 400 50.0

-40V

10.0 20.0 300 -50.0 1

Vprimary

4V
2 Vsecond
vsecond in volts

vprimary in volts
vdsin volts
in volts
Plot1

0 10.0 200 -150

vo

3.5V
-5V 3 Vo
-10.0 0 100 -250
4 VDS
80V

-20.0 -10.0 0 -350

2.480M 2.490M 2.500M 2.510M 2.520M 36

time in seconds
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CCM( Lp=2mH)
1 i(lp) 2 iin 3 id(d1) 4 ico 5 i(rl)

0.4A
1.00 800M 400M 5.00 6.00

5
IRL
1.4A

-1.00 600M 200M 1.00 4.00 3

ID
140mA
40mA
id(d1)in amps
in amps
in amps

in amps

Iin
in amps
Plot1

-3.00 400M 0 -3.00 2.00 2

i(lp)
i(rl)

iin

ico

1A
4 ICo
-5.00 200M -200M -7.00 0 -0.4A
140mA 1 ILp
30mA
-7.00 0 -400M -11.0 -2.00

2.480M 2.490M 2.500M 2.510M 2.520M

time in secs 37
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DCM (Lp=0.6mH)
1 vgs 2 vds 3 vprimary 4 vsecond 5 vo

300 400 20.0 60.0 40.0

120V 1 VGS
100 200 -20.0 40.0 30.0 2 VDS
50V
vprimary in volts

vsecond in volts

6V
vdsin volts

vgsin volts

voin volts
Plot1

-100 0 -60.0 20.0 20.0

3 Vprimary
-60V
4 Vsecond
-300 -200 -100 0 10.0
-4V
5.5V
5 Vo
-500 -400 -140 -20.0 0

2.480m 2.490m 2.500m 2.510m 2.520m

time in secs
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DCM (Lp=0.6mH)
1 i(lp) 2 iin 3 id(d1) 4 ico 5 i(rl)

0.4A
30.0 400m 35.0 800m 4.00
1 ILp
0.4A

20.0 0 25.0 400m 2.00

0.7A
5 IRL
id(d1) in amps

i(lp)in amps

icoin amps

i(rl)in amps
iinin amps

Iin
Plot1

10.0 -400m 15.0 0 0 2

4A 3 ID
0 -800m 5.00 -400m -2.00

4 ICo
3A

-10.0 -1.20 -5.00 -800m -4.00

2.480m 2.490m 2.500m 2.510m 2.520m

time in secs
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DCM (Lp=0.1mH)
1 vgs 2 vds 3 vprimary 4 vsecond 5 vo 6 i(lp)

90.0 500 800 8.00 130 18.0

1 VGS
200V

70.0 100 400 -32.0 90.0 14.0

2 VDS
50V
vprimary in volts

vsecond in volts

i(lp)in amperes
vdsin volts

vgsin volts
voin volts

3 Vprimary
Plot1

50.0 -300 0 -72.0 50.0 10.0

-120V
30.0 -700 -400 -112 10.0 6.00

14V 4
Vsecond
-4V
10.0 -1.10k -800 -152 -30.0 2.00
5 Vo
13V ILp
6
2.465m 2.470m 2.475m 2.480m 2.485m
time in seconds
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DCM (Lp=0.1mH)
1 i(lp) 2 iin 3 id(d1) 4 ico 5 i(rl)

2.2A
90.0 120 3.00 5.50 8.00

1 ILp
2.2A

50.0 80.0 -1.00 1.50 6.00

22A 2 Iin
id(d1)in amperes

i(lp)in amperes
icoin amperes

i(rl)in amperes
iinin amperes

3 ID
Plot1

10.0 40.0 -5.00 -2.50 4.00

20A 4 ICo
-30.0 0 -9.00 -6.50 2.00

5 IRL
1.6A
-70.0 -40.0 -13.0 -10.5 0

2.480m 2.490m 2.500m 2.510m 2.520m

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time in seconds
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COUPLING = 0.98
Ex: flyback without clamp L1_VALUE = 100u
L2_VALUE = 1u
R2
TX1

V1 0.01 0 R1
100 IC = 10 1
470u
D3 C1

ds 1N5819 out
0
R7
1m
S1
+ +
V1 = -5 V2 C3 R4 C4
V2 = 15
- -
100p
TD = 0 0S
0 470 220p
TR = 10n VOFF = 0.0V
TF = 10n VON = 1.0V IC = 0
PW = 2u 0 R5
PER = 10u 0.1

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11.25MHZ
1.5MHZ

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If VDS = Dclp = on

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if
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‫راه بدست آوردن ‪N‬‬

‫داشتیم‬

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‫راه بدست آوردن ‪Rclp‬‬

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‫راه بدست آوردن ‪Cclp‬‬

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‫با مشخصات زیر طراحی کنید‬DCM ‫ منبع تغذیه فالی بکی در مد‬: ‫مثال‬
Po=100w Po=0.8Pin f=100k 100<Vin<340v BVds=600v Vos=20v
Vo=10v for Io=10A Kc=1.36 Vf=1v Dmax=0.5

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=250ns

=2.4k =20.8nf

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With RL=10 ohm

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‫چرا پاسخ شبیه سازی با تئوری یکسان نیست؟‬

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Current Limit
Is

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