CHAPTER

3
Research Methodology
and
Procedure
WHAT IS METHODOLOGY?
Methodology refers to the
philosophy of the research process. It
includes assumptions and values that
serve as rationale for research and
the standards or criteria the research
uses for interpreting data and
research conclusions. The research
methodology determines such factors
as how he or she writes hypothesis
and what level of evidence is
necessary to make the decision
whether or not to reject a hypothesis.
WHAT ARE THE THINGS
COVERED BY METHODOLOGY?
1. The type of research method or strategy
and the data needed to test the problem
stated and gives cogent reason for studying
the attributes selected.
2. The manner whereby the respondents were
selected from the population, the
identification of participants in the study
(their number and major demographic as
well as the sampling technique used.
3. The instrument/materials used
(standardized test, self-mode
questionnaires, interview schedules,
opinionnaires, etc. the purpose , the
format, and the content. It indicates
validity and reliability of instruments
WHAT ARE THE THINGS
COVERED BY METHODOLOGY?
4. The procedures and the specific
steps in data collection,
instructions to participants,
formation of groups, and
randomization.
5. Describes scoring and procedures
for analyzing and interpreting
data and identifies statistical
techniques used in treating data.
PARTS OF CHAPTER 3
 Methods and Techniques of the Study
 Population of the Study
 Research Gathering Instrument
 Data Gathering Procedure
 Data Processing and Statistical
Treatment
 Notes on Chapter 3
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF THE STUDY
 Methods of Research
methods of research.doc
nursing research lecture-chapter 3.doc
 How to present this part
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POPULATION OF THE STUDY
 What is a population?
A population consists of all the
elements considered in a study.
The population is defined in terms
which specify exactly the limits of
the elements, objects or people to
be studied. When defining the
population you are actually
specifying who are included and
who are not included in your study.
nursing research lecture-chapter 3.doc
 How to present this part
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RESEARCH GATHERING INSTRUMENTS
 After deciding on the sample
size, you can now proceed to the
next link in the research chain
which is the data-collection
instrument. This process of
preparing your own instrument
and develop this until you find it
valid or reliable, then you are in
the process of instrumentation.
nursing research lecture-chapter 3.doc
 How to present this part
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DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE
 In this segment of the
study, the researcher
explains the procedure of
how the data gathering was
made. You have to discuss
step by step all the
procedures you conducted
in collecting your data.
 How to present this part
chapter 3.doc
DATA PROCESSING AND STATISTICAL TREATMENT
 Facts, figures or data by
themselves are meaningless. It is
only when they come together
into constellations of related
units that they become
significant to the researcher .
Only then do they reveal the
meaning that lies below the
surface.
 This is the fundamental purpose
of the scientific method. It is
accompanied by inductive
reasoning.
DATA PROCESSING AND STATISTICAL TREATMENT
 Facts need interpretation if their
meaning is to be revealed.
Interpretation needs a medium of
expression to convey meaning. In
research, that medium of
expression is frequently referred
to as statistics. Statistics is a
language because the researcher
is able to express what cannot be
otherwise communicated.
 How to present this part
chapter 3.doc