Dangerous Goods Transportation

SAFE TRANSPORTATION OF
DANGEROUS GOODS
BY AIR

COSCAP-SOUTH ASIA
Dangerous Goods Transportation
 DEFINITIONS:
 ARTICLES OR SUBSTANCES WHICH
ARE CAPABLE OF POSING A
SIGNIFICANT RISK TO
HEALTH,SAFETY OR PROPERTY
WHEN TRANSPORTED BY AIR.

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 A DANGEROUS GOOD IS DANGEROUS BECAUSE:

 IT CAN START A FIRE

 IT CAN HELP SPREADING A FIRE

 CAN CAUSE INJURY THROUGH CONTACT AND

RADIATION
 CONTD. 2
Dangerous Goods Transportation

 CAN PROJECT PIECES INJURING PERSONS AND

DAMAGING AIRCRAFT.

 IT CAN RELEASE TOXIC VAPOUR ON ITS OWN OR

COMING IN CONTACT WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
WHICH CAN AFFECT CREW PHYSICALLY AND
PSYCHOACTIVELY.

 IT CAN REACT WITH AIRCRAFT MATERIAL 3

Dangerous Goods Transportation
 REFERENCE DOCUMENT
 ICAO DOCUMENT 9284-AN/905
PUBLISHED EVERY TWO YEARS
DEALS WITH TECHNICAL
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE SAFE
TRANSPORTATION OF DANGEROUS
GOODS BY AIR.
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Dangerous Goods Transportation
 CLASSIFICATION OF DANGEROUS
GOODS
 1) EXPLOSIVES
 2) GASES
 3) FLAMMABLE LIQUID
 4) FLAMMABLE SOLIDS
 5) OXIDISING SUBSTANCES
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 6) TOXIC AND INFECTIOUS
SUBSTANCE
 7) RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL
 8) CORROSIVES
 9) MISCELLANEOUS DANGEROUS
GOODS
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Dangerous Goods Transportation
 DEFINITIONS
 EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCE
 A SOLID OR LIQUID SUBSTANCE( OR A
MIXTURE) WHICH IS IN ITSELF
CAPABLE BY CHEMICAL REACTION OF
PRODUCING GAS AT A TEMPERATURE
AND PRESSURE AND AT SUCH A SPEED
AS TO CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE
SURROUNDING 7
Dangerous Goods Transportation
 DEFINITIONS CONTD

 GASES:
 A GAS IS A SUBSTANCE WHICH AT
500 C HAS A VAPOUR PRESSURE
GREATER THAN 300 kPa OR
 IS COMPLETELY GASEOUS AT 200C AT
A STANDARD PRESSURE OF 101.3 kPa.
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 Dangerous Goods Transportation
 DEFINITIONS:
 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS ARE LIQUIDS OR
MIXTURE OF LIQUIDS CONTAINING
SOLIDS IN SOLUTION OR SUSPENSION
WHICH GIVE OFF A FLAMMABLE
VAPOUR AT TEMP. OF NOT MORE THAN
60.50 C CLOSED-CUP TEST OR NOT MORE
THAN 65.6 0 C OPEN CUP TEST
NORMALLY REFERRED TO AS FLASH
POINT 9
 Dangerous Goods Transportation
 DEFINITIOINS:
 FLAMMABLE SOLIDS:
SOLIDS WHICH, UNDER CONDITIONS
ENCOUNTERED IN TRANSPORT ARE READILY
COMBUSTIBLE OR MAY CAUSE OR
CONTRIBUTE TO FIRE THROUGH FRICTION;
SELF REACTIVE AND RELATED SUBSTANCES
WHICH ARE LIABLE TO UNDERGO A
STRONGLY EXOTHERMIC REACTION;
DESENSITISED EXPLOSIVES WHICH MAY
EXPLODE IF NOT DILUTED SUFFICIENTLY 10
Dangerous Goods Transportation
 DEFINITIONS:
 FLAMMABLE SOLIDS ……..CONTD.
 SUBSTANCES WHICH ARE LIABLE TO
SPONTANEOUS HEATING UNDER
NORMAL CONDITIONS
ENCOUNTERED IN TRANSPORT OR
TO HEATING UP IN CONTACT WITH
AIR, AND BEING THEN LIABLE TO
CATCH FIRE
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Dangerous Goods Transportation
 FLAMMABLE SOLIDS CONTD.

 SUBSTANCES WHICH, IN CONTACT

WITH WATER, EMIT FLAMMABLE
GASES….. SUBSTANCE WHICH, BY
INTERACTION WITH WATER, ARE
LIABLE TO BECOME
SPONTANEOUSLY FLAMMABLE OR
TO GIVE OFF FLAMMABLE GASES IN
DANGEROUS QUANTITIES. 12
Dangerous Goods Transportation
 DEFINITIONS
 OXDISING SUBSTANCES;
 A) SUBSTANCES WHICH IN
THEMSELVES NOT NECESSARILY
COMBUSTIBLE,MAY GENERALLY, BY
YIELDING OXYGEN, CAUSE OR
CONTRIBUTE TO THE COMBUSTION
OF OTHER MATERIAL. 13
 Dangerous Goods Transportation
 THERMALLY UNSTABLE SUBSTANCES LIKE
ORGANIC PEROXIDES WHICH MAY UNDERGO
EXOTHERMIC, SELF ACCELERATING
DECOMPOSITION. THEY MAY ALSO
 BE LIABLE TO EXPLOSIVE DECOMPOSITION
 BURN RAPIDLY
 BE SENSITIVE TO IMPACT OR FRICTION
 REACT DANGEROUSLY WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
 CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE EYES

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 DEFINITIONS CONTD

 TOXIC AND INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES:

TOXIC SUBSTANCES:
SUBSTANCES LIABLE EITHER TO CAUSE
DEATH OR INJURY OR TO HARM HUMAN
HEALTH IF SWALLOWED ,IF INHALED OR BY
SKIN CONTACT.
 INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCE:
SUBSTANCES KNOWN TO CONTAIN, OR
REASONABLY EXPECTED TO CONTAIN,
PATHOGENS. 15
Dangerous Goods Transportation
 DEFINITION
 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL:
ANY MATERIAL WITH A SPECIFIC
ACTIVITY GRATER THAN
70 kBq/Kg.(2 nCi/g)

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 Dangerous Goods Transportation
 DEFINITIONS:
 CORROSIVES:
SUBSTANCES WHICH, IN THE EVENT
OF LEAKAGE, CAN CAUSE SEVERE
DAMAGE BY CHEMICAL ACTION WHEN
IN CONTACT WITH LIVING TISSUE OR
CAN MATERIALLY DAMAGE OTHER
FREIGHT OR THE MEANS OF TRANSPORT.
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 Dangerous Goods Transportation
 DEFINITIONS CONTD

 MISCELLANEOUS DANGEROUS GOODS:

ARTICLES AND SUBSTANCES WHICH
DURING AIR TRANSPORT PRESENT A
DANGER NOT COVERED BY OTHER
CLASSES. E.XAMPLE: MAGNETISED
MATERIAL, I.C ENGINES,SELF INFLATING
LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES(AIR
BAGS),BATTERY POWERED EQUIPMENT
OR VEHICLE,ASBESTOS,DRY ICE ETC. 18
 Dangerous Goods Transportation

 EVERY POSSIBLE CHEMICAL COMPOUND

ORGANIC OR INORGANICHAVE BEEN
LISTED IN THE ICAO DOC 9284. AND
IDNTIFIED BY A UN No-
 THESE UN No.s ARE UNIVERSALLY
ACCEPTED SO THAT TRANSPORTATION
TO,FROM AND THROUGH ANY COUNTRY
IS POSSIBLE WITHOUT CHANGE OF
LABEL AND PACKING 19
Dangerous Goods Transportation
 MANY ITEMS ARE FORBIDDEN BY
AIR, AS PER ICAO LISTING.
 ON TOP OF THAT, STATE OR
INDIVIDUAL AIRLINE MAY HAVE
THEIR VARIATION OR SPECIAL
OPTION

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 Dangerous Goods Transportation
 CHAPTER 2-11 IN ICAO DOC 9284 LISTS ALL
CHEMICALS PERMITTED BY AIR OR
OTHERWISE. THE LIST INCLUDES:
 NAME OF CHEMICAL; UN.No. ; CLASS OR
DIVISION; SUBSIDIARY RISK; LABELS ; STATE
VARIATIONS; SPECIAL PROVISIONS;
U.N.PACKING GROUP.; PACKING
INSTRUCTION AND MAX.NET QTY PER
PACKAGE FOR PAX A/C AND PACKING
INSTRUCTION AND MAX NET QTY PER
PACKAGE ON CARGO ONLY AIRCRAFT
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 Dangerous Goods Transportation
 PACKAGING, INCLUDING THEIR
CLOSURES,USED FOR THE TRANSPORT
OF DANGEROUS GOODS IN ACCEPTED
QUANTITIES MUST BE OF GOOD
QUALITY. PACKAGING MATERIALWHICH
MAY COME INTO CONTACT WITH THE
SUBSTANCE OR ARTICLE MUST NOT
REACT DANGEROUSLY WITH THE
SUBSTANCE OR ARTICLE AND MUST NOT
ADVERSELY AFFECT ITS PACKAGING
FUNCTIONS. 22
 Dangerous Goods Transportation
 PACKAGING IS THE MOST IMPORTANT
FACTOR.IT MAKES OTHERWISE DANGEROUS
GOOD TRANSPORTABLE.
 PACKAGING CAN BE COMBINATION OR SINGLE.
 MATERIAL OF CONTAINER CAN BE
DIFFERENT.EACH PACKAGE HAS A DESIGN
CODE AND HAS TO MEET RIGOROUS TEST
REQUIREMENT INCLUDING DROP TEST
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Dangerous Goods Transportation
 CARRIAGE OF DANGEROUS GOOD
BY AIR NEED SPECIAL APPROVAL
FROM THE AUTHORITY OF CONTROL
FOR THE OPERATOR.
 PRE REQUISIT FOR APPROVAL IS
TRAINING OF PERSONNEL IN EVERY
FIELD OF AVIATION
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Dangerous Goods Transportation
 FOLLOWING STAFF MEMBERS SHOULD
BE TRAINED:
 SHIPPERS AND THEIR AGENTS
 PACKERS.
 CARGO ACCEPTING PERSONNEL /
APPROVED AGENTS.
 SECURITY PERSONNEL SCREENING
BAGGAGE
 LOAD PLANNERS CONTD 25
Dangerous Goods Transportation

 BAGGAGE HANDLERS AT
STORES,TARMAC AND AIRCRAFT

 PERSONNEL AT CHECK IN COUNTERS

 FLIGHT CREW

 CABIN ATTENDANTS. 26
Dangerous Goods Transportation

IN CASE OF DANGEROUS GOODS

IGNORANCE IS NO BLISS
COMPLETE KNOWLEDGE AND
METICULOUS OBSERVANCE OF
PROCEDURE CAN PREVENT
UNTOWARD INCIDENT IN AIR.
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 Dangerous Goods Transportation
 IN CASE OF SPILLAGE, BREAKAGE OR
LEAKAGE FOLLOW ICAO DOC 9481-AN
/928 “ EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDANCE
FOR AIRCRAFT INCIDENTS INVOLVING
DANGEROUS GOODS”
ALLOWABLE DANGEROUS GOODS ARE
NOT DANGEROUS WHEN CARRIED IN
RECOMMENDED PACKAGE IN ACCEPTED
QUANTITY. 28
Dangerous Goods Transportation
 COMMONLY CARRIED ITEMS FALLING
UNDER DANGEROUS GOODS LIST
 KEROSENE
 FERTILISER
 CHARGED AND FILLED BATTERY.
 DAMAGED TIRE FULLY INFLATED
 TIRE INFLATED BEYOND NORMAL
PRESSURE
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Dangerous Goods Transportation
 OXYGEN GENERATORS
 PRESSURISED VESSELS LIKE SPARE
OXYGEN/ FIRE EXTINGUISHER
BOTTLE
 SQUIBS / IGNITERS

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Dangerous Goods Transportation
 IN CASE OF SPILLAGE IN CARGO HOLD
IDENTIFY SPECIFIC CARGO BY LABEL
AND UN No.
 HANDLE ONLY AS PER DRILL GIVEN
IN “EMERGENCY RESPONSE
GUIDANCE …ICAO DOCUMENT 9481.
 INCASE OF SPILLAGE OF DRY POWDER
DO NOT BLOW COMPRESSED AIR 31
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 WHEN IN DOUBT

TAKE IT OUT

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THANK YOU