New Ways of Looking at First

Language Influence

Researcher rejected the

interpretation of constrictive analysis constrictive analysis was
which made transfer or interference closely associated with
the explanation for all of learner’s behaviorist views of
difficult with target language. language acquisition.

In rejecting behaviorism, some

researcher also discarded contractive
analysis as source of valuable Most of
information about learner’s Researcher
language.

Learners draw on their knowledge of other language as

they try to discover the complexities of new language
they are learning
 New Ways of Looking at First
Language Influence

Learners reach a certain

The first language interact
with development sequences
in learner language.
Example: German's
speaker inversion of
subject and lexical verb in
question
stage and perceive a
similarity of their first
language, they may linger
longer at the stage
They may learn a second
language rule but restrict
its application

Example: French speaker’s The first language may

rejection of subject – influence learner’s
auxiliary inversion with interlanguage in other
noun subjects ways as well.
 New Ways of Looking at First
Language Influence
The phenomenon of avoidance which Jacquelyne Schachter described
appeared to be caused at least in part by learner ‘ perception that a
feature in the target language was so distance and difference from
their first language that they preferred not to try it.

The evidence of learner's sensitive to degree of

distance to attempt a transfer over too great distance

Learner seem to know idiomatic

or metaphorical uses of words.

The effect of first language to second language acquisition is in

making it difficult to notice something they are saying absent as it is
used by more proficient speaker.
 New Ways of Looking at First
Language Influence

The difficult learners are based on patterns which are very

similar but not identical from the first language to second
language in the features.

If the learner does not cause any difficult in

communicating meaning, the learner may find
in the restriction on adverb placement.
SAVO Is English
SVAO Is French
 SUMMARY

This chapter focus on the second language acquisition

by the people who receive some instruction, also have
considerable exposure to their second language in
natural setting.

The researchers have found that learners who receive

grammar- based instruction still pass through the
same developmental sequence and make same types of
error as those who acquire language in natural setting
 Presented by:
• Nirva
• Purna
• Yanti
• M. N. Farizul Umam