LAND SLIDING AND ITS

CAUSES

Made By: Syed Ali Husnain Gilani

 LAND SLIDING
 INTRODUCTION : LAND SLIDING
OCCURS WHEN STABILITY CONDITION OF
THE SLOPE IS DISTURBED EITHER BY THE
INCREASEOF STRESS IMPOSED ON THE
SLOPE AND \ OR BY THE DECREASE IN
STRENGTH OF THE EARTH MATERIAL
.BUILDING UP THE SLOPE AND IT
INVOLVES ENMASS DOWNWARD
MOVEMENT OF EARTH MATERIAL UNDER
THE INFLUENCE OF GRAVITY
 CAUSES OF LAND SLIDING

 MANY OF THE LANDSLIDES ARE NATURAL PHENOMENON

THAT OCCURS INDEPENDENTLY OF ANY HUMAN ACTIONS .
THERE ARE ALSO LANDSLIDES THAT HAVE BEEN INDUCED BY
VERY ACTIONS TAKEN TO MAKE LAND SUITABLE FOR SOME
HUMAN PURPOSES .LAND SLIDES CAN BE TRIGGERED DUE TO
EXTERNAL CAUSES OR INTERNAL CAUSES .
 EXTERNAL CAUSES OF
LANDSLIDING

 1 : INCREASE IN UNIT WEIGHT OF SLOPE MATERIAL

DUE TO INCREASED WATER CONTENT .
2 : VIBRATIONS DUE TO EARTHQUAKES , BLASTING
,TRAFIC , ETC , CAUSING INCREASING IN SHEARING
STRESSES .
 EXTERNAL CAUSES

 EXTERNAL LOADS SUCH AS BUILDING ,

RESERVOIRS , HIGHWAY TRAFIC . AUTHROPIC
CHANGES CAUSED BY DEFORESTATION .
 INTERNAL CAUSES

 INCREASE IN PORE WATER PRESSURE .

FREEZING AND THAWING OF ROCKS .
REDUCTION IN COHESIVE STRENGTH
CAUSED BY PROGRESSIVE
LATERIZATION . HAIR CRACKS DUE TO
ALTERNATE SWELLING AND
SHRINKAGE FROM TENSION .
 CONCLUSION

 ALL CAUSES MENTIONED ABOVE MAY ACT IN

SEQUENCE OR IN COMBINATION TO TRIGGER A
LANDSLIDE . IT IS IMPORTANT TO DETERMINE THE
CAUSES OF LANDSLIDE IN A GIVEN AREA , AS THIS
WILL HELP IN UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISM OF
LAND SLIDE AND ALSO THE FACTORS WHICH ARE
INFLUENCING THE SLOPE FAILURE .
 REFERENCES

 CARLA W . MONTGOMERY (1989) ‘ENVIRONMENTAL

GEOLOGY ” W M C.BROWN PUBLISHERS , USA , 476 PP .
THANKS