Fundamental Of

Hydraulic System
Group 1
1.Aditya Afandi 1802331028
2.Dimas Prassetyo 1802331016
3.M. Fikry Falevi 1802331017
4.Wanda Aprillia S. 1802331021
 HYDRAULIC PRINCIPLES

1. State why liquid is use in hydraulic systems.

2. Identify Pascal's Law as applied to hydraulic
principles.
3. State the characteristics of oil flow through
an orifice.
4. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic
hydraulic principles.
 Using a Liquid

Advantage :

1. Liquids conforms to the shape of the container.

2. Liquids are practically incompressible.
3. Liquids apply pressure in all directions.
Liquids Conform to Shape

Liquids will flow in any direction through

lines and hoses of various sizes and shapes.
Practically Incompressible

A liquid is practically incompressible. A liquid

also occupies the same amount of space or volume
even when under pressure. The space or volume
that any substance occupies is called
"displacement."
 Gas is compressible

Gas is compressible. When gas is compressed, it

takes up less space and its displacement becomes less.
The space previously occupied by the gas may be
occupied by another object.
Hydraulics Doing Work
 Pascal Law

Force is the push or pull acting upon a body.

Force is usually expressed in pounds (lbs.). Force is
equal to the pressure times the area (F = P x A).
 Mechanical Advantage

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 Orifice Effect

The pump does not produce pressure. The pump

produces flow. When flow is restricted, pressure is
produced.
 Orifice Offers Restriction

An orifice offers a restriction to the pump flow.

When oil flows through an orifice, pressure is
produced on the upstream side of the orifice.
 Oil Flow to Tank Blocked

Restrictions In Series

When the end of either pipe is plugged, oil flow

to the tank is blocked.
 Restrictions In Series

There are two basic types of circuits, series and

parallel.
 Restrictions In Parallel

In a system with parallel circuits, pump oil

follows the path of least resistances. In figure 2.1.11,
the pump supplies oil to three parallel circuits.
Circuit three has the lowest priority and circuit one
has the highest priority.
Thank You