Embriologi Alat Kelamin

(Deferensiasi Sex)
 Embriologi Alat Kelamin
(Deferensiasi Sex)

1. Teori hormon  Free Martin

2. Teori kimerisme  XX & XY
3. Teori induktor kortiko medula 
Medullary versus Kortisin
Primordial germ cell Primordial germ cell

Spermatozoa Ovum

Sigot

Embrio

primordial germ cell

Spermatozoa Ovum
 Stadium Indiferen
Endoderm
Fertilisasi

Primordial Germ Cell

Germinal Ridge Genital Ridge

(sel-sel mesoderm)

Ginjal Gonadal Ridge

Saluran Cortex Medula

Urogenitalis

Ovarium Testis
Migrasi Germ Cell
1. Aktif gerakan amuboid (reptilia, mamalia)
2. Pasif aliran darah (burung)

Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi jenis kelamin

1. Sex chromosome saat terjadinya fertilisasi ( X &
Y)
2. Hormonal ( androgen & estradiol )
3. Mullerian Inhibition Substances (Fost, 1981)
(fetal testis)

regresi saluran Muller & H. androgen tinggi

perkembangan saluran kelamin jantan

Komponen pembentuk gonad

• Primordial Germ Cell / SGP (ekstra

embrionic yaitu endoderm yolk sack)
• Coelomic Epithelium
• Sel Mesenchym (dari mesonephric ridge)

Germ Cell Genital Ridge

Asal endoderm mesoderm
Ø sel kecil besar
In the female, the
mesonephric ducts
degenerate, while the
paramesonephric
ducts form the
fallopian tubes and
uterus.
The urogenital ridge
consists of the
mesonephros and the
gonad.
Both the urinary and genital components of the
urogenital system are derived, to a large extent,
from the intermediate mesoderm.
Descent of
the testes
carries the
cranial end
of the
mesonephric
duct
caudally.
The testes
descend into
the scrotal
swellings,
following the
course of the
gubernaculum.
In the female, the
primitive sex cords
(medullary cords)
degenerate.
Subsequently, there is
no communication
between the gonad
and the
mesonephros.
In the male the primitive sex cords (see image 10) form
the testis and the rete testis cords. The latter
communicate with tubules of the mesonephric system,
thus linking the testis to the mesonephric duct. The
mesonephric duct becomes the ductus deferens.
In addition to the mesonephric duct, a paramesonephric duct
forms from the the epithelium on the surface of the urogenital
ridge. In the male, the mesonephric duct is of greater
significance, whereas in the female, the paramesonephric duct
is predominant.
The primordial germ cells become surrounded by cells of the
primitive sex cords. At this stage the gonad is "indifferent," as
one cannot morphologically distinguish between the male and
female.
The gonads develop as primordial germ cells that
form in the wall of the yolk sac close to the allantois
migrate along the dorsal mesentery of the hindgut to
invade the genital ridges.
The mesonephros consists of excretory tubules that
contact a blood vessel medially and enter the
mesonephric (Wolffian) duct laterally. At higher
magnification
 DEVELOPMENT HOMOLOGUES OF MALE & FEMALE
Genital System

Male Indifferent Stage Female

1. Testis Gonad Ovary

2. Epidydymis duct mesonephric duct bladder

defferent duct (Wolffian duct) epophorus

3. Prostaticus paramesonephric duct uterine tube

(Mullerian duct) uterus

4. Glands penis Glans of pallus Glands

clitoris

5. Scrotum genital swelling labia majora

6. Urethra penil urethral fold labia minor

7. Gubernaculum gubernaculum ligament of

testis ovary
ligament of
uterus