THEORY OF DESIGN-I

AR-216

• SUBMITTED TO: • SUBMITTED BY:

• AR.SACHIN PALIWAL • ANUPA SHARMA
• AR. MEGHA SHROTI • B.ARCH III SEM ‘A’
• SOA,IPSA
 OSCAR NIEMEYER

Born : December 15, 1907

Birth place : Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Nationality : Brazilian
Awards : 1988 Pritzker Prize
• Specializes in international modern architecture.
• He pursued his passion at the National School of Fine Arts in Rio
de Janeiro and graduated with a BA in architecture in 1934.
Some of his most famous works include:
• The Cathedral in Brasilia
• The National Congress of Brazil
• The Modern Art Museum in Niteroi.
•His works include public buildings designed for the city of Brasília,
and the United Nations Headquarters in New York City
•Niemeyer was inspired by his dissatisfaction with the architecture
he saw in the streets, and believed he could find a career there.
 PHILOSOPHY
• He says ,“I am not attracted to straight angles or to the straight line, hard and inflexible, created by man. I am
attracted to free-flowing, sensual curves. The curves that I find in the mountains of my country, in the sinuousness
of its rivers, in the waves of the ocean,Curves make up the entire Universe, the curved Universe of Einstein.”

• His designs are daring: mixing innovation and courage, plastic freedom and invention. His work with concrete is
described as elegant and harmonious.

• He was able to connect the baroque style with modern architecture leading to a new form of architecture, which
had never been built in Brazil before.

• He was able to design and build curved architecture through his revolutionary usage of concrete.

• His buildings are often characterized by being spacious and exposed, mixing volumes and empty space to create
unconventional patterns.

• The lightness of the curved forms created spaces that transformed the architectural scheme into something that
was unknown; harmony, grace and elegance are the adjectives that are most appropriate to describe the work of
Oscar Niemeyer
CATHEDRAL OF BRASÍLIA, HYPERBOLOID
STRUCTURE

•The Cathedral of Brasília is the Roman

Catholic cathedral serving Brasília, Brazil.

• It was completed and dedicated on May 31,

1970.

•Plan of the building is circular with a diametre

of 70 m.

• It has a glass roof that reaches up open to

heaven

• It is a hyperboloid structure constructed from

16 concrete columns, weighing 90 tons each.

•These columns represent two hands moving

upwards to heaven.
• The tower consists of four large bells,
donated by Spain.
• The roof of the nave has a stained
glass composed of sixteen pieces of
fiberglass in shades of blue, green,
white and brown inserted between the
concrete pillars.
• Each piece is inserted into triangles
with base ten meters and thirty feet high
which were painted in 1990 by
Marianne Peretti
• Inside the nave, are the sculptures of
three angels, suspended by steel
cables
NATIONAL CONGRESS OF BRAZIL, BRASÍLIA

•The National Congress of Brazil is the

legislative body of Brazil's federal government.

•It has a height of about 224metres.

•. In front of it there is a large lawn where

demonstrations take place.

• The Institute of Historic and Artistic National

Heritage decided to declare the building a
historical heritage of the Brazilian people.

• The building is also among the UNESCO

World Heritage Sites, as part of Brasília's
original urban buildings.
• The complex is composed of several
buildings

• The semi-sphere shape on the left is

the seat of the Senate and the semi-
sphere on the right is the seat of the
Chamber of the Deputies. Between
them are two vertical office towers.

• The Congress also occupies other

surrounding office buildings, some of
which are interconnected by tunnels.
THE NITERÓI CONTEMPORARY ART MUSEUM

• Situated in the city of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro,

Brazil.

•It was completed in 1996.

• “The museum emerges like a flower in the

rock that holds them” says Niemeyer.

•The combination of the elements that

surround it, an open square of 2500 square
meters, a reflecting pool at its base with 817
square meters and 60 meters deep, thereby
giving the structure an appearance of
lightness.
• The saucer-shaped modernist structure,
which has been likened to a UFO, is set
on a cliffside, at the bottom of which is a
beach.

• The MAC-Niterói is 16 meters high; its

cupola has a diameter of 50 metres with
three floors.

• A wide access slope leads to a Hall of

Expositions, which has a capacity for
sixty people. Two doors lead to the
viewing gallery
• The project consists of a semi-underground
facility surrounded by water body and an
upper body consists of three levels.

• Ground floor
• In addition to the store where works are
saved, there is a bar, a restaurant and an
auditorium with capacity for 60 people.

• In the restaurant a thin window is opened

horizontally along the front offering views
over the bay.
• First level
• In addition to the reception, work room, a large lobby and
administrative offices, you have access to the large
hexagonal room double height, surrounded by a
promenade circular opening to views of the bay
continuously through a window surrounding the entire
volume. The showroom is 393.13 square meters.
• Mezzanine
• This is among the first and second level, around the entire
interior of the museum is divided into smaller rooms, also
for exhibitions. In total 398.02 meters square.
• Second level
• On this floor there are five galleries, with a total of 697.40
meters square exposure.
• The circular roof received a heat treatment and
waterproofing.

• Lights
• In the central room is the lighting technique
involving the environment together with the
lighting from the windows.
• The same applies to the upper floor. From inside
the frame, formed by the meeting of the plant
with the ceiling, hidden indirect light gently
illuminates the environment
OSCAR NIEMEYER MUSEUM (NOVOMUSEU), CURITIBA, BRAZIL

• It was inaugurated in 2002 with the name

Novo Museu or New Museum.

• With the conclusion of remodeling and the

construction of a new annex, it was
reinaugurated on July 8, 2003, with the
current denomination to honor its famous
architect who completed this project at 95
years of age.

• It is also known as Museu do Olho or

Museum of the Eye, due to the design of the
building.

•It represents a cultural institution of

international significance
• Oscar Niemeyer's art museum in Curitiba is
made up of two buildings.
• The long low building in the background
has curving ramps leading to an annex,
shown here in the foreground.
• Often compared to an eye, the annex rises
on a brightly colored pedestal from a
reflecting pool.
• The museum features many of Niemeyer's
signature elements:
• bold geometric forms
• sculptural curved volumes
• Contrast with rectangular volumes, sinuous
ramps for pedestrians, large areas of white
painted concrete, and areas with vivid
murals or paintings
ÓSCAR NIEMEYER INTERNATIONAL CULTURAL CENTRE
ASTURIAS, SPAIN

•It is the result of the combination of a cultural complex

designed by the Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer
and an international cultural project.

• The center is located on the estuary of Avilés,

Asturias (Spain). It was inaugurated on the 26 of May
2011.

•It is possible to see the buildings from different

places, even from the air. Its size and white, red and
yellow colours highlight its location in the landscape of
the town.

•The architect described the Niemeyer Centre as "An

open square to the humankind, a place for education,
culture and peace".
• The Niemeyer Centre is formed by five main
elements that complement each other:
• The open square: a large open outdoor space
for cultural activities. It reflects the Oscar
Niemeyer’s idea of a place open to humankind.
• The auditorium: around 1000 seats for
concerts, theatre, conferences. Its peculiarity is
not having distinction between social classes. It
includes the Club (a small space for small
concerts) and an exhibition room in the foyer.
• The dome: its the exhibitions building.
• The tower: sight-seeing tower, restaurant and
cocktail lounge
• The multi-purpose building: Film Centre,
meeting-rooms, cafe, shop, information point...
• The first stone was set on April 2008. The museum
building structure was built in about an hour, as a result
of the use of a pioneer technique for cultural buildings in
Spain.
• This way, it took about an hour to set up the whole
structure. Then the “Multipurpose building” at the same
time than the “Auditorium”.
• The materials used were mainly concrete and glass.
• The “Open Square” was covered in white concrete. The
sides of the Auditorium were painted in yellow, creating
a contrast with the dominant white colour.
• On one of the sides of this building, a ceramic art work,
designed by Niemeyer, represents the outline of a
woman resting.
• The stage door was painted in red. This door can be
open to the square, so that shows can take part inside or
outside the building.
THANK YOU