TRANSFORMER

A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from

one electrical circuit to another through mutual electromagnetic
induction) and without change in frequency.

The main reason to use a transformer is to make power of

one voltage level into power of another voltage level. High voltage is
easier to send a long distance, but less voltage is easier and safer to use
in the office or home.

Transformers are used to increase or decrease alternating

current (AC) voltage in circuits
PARTS OF TRANSFORMER
 Tap changer
• The output voltage may vary according to the input
voltage and the load. During loaded conditions the voltage
on the output terminal fall and during off load conditions
the output voltage increases. In order to balance the
voltage variations tap changers are used. Tap changers can
be either on load tap changer or off load tap changer. In on
load tap changers the tapping can be changed without
isolating the transformer from the supply and in off load
tap changers it is done after disconnecting the transformer.
Automatic tap changers are also available.
 Transformer oil
Transformer oil performs two important functions
of insulation as well as cooling for the core and coil
assembly. Core and windings of the transformer must
be completely immersed in the oil. Normally
hydrocarbon mineral oils are used as transformer oil.
Oil contamination is a serious problem because it
robs its dielectric properties and renders it useless as
an insulating medium
 Oil Tank
• This part of the transformer contains the
assembly of the core and the winding which
is immersed in insulation oil.