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Melastoma decemfidum
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa
Antirrhinum majus
Abutilon Megapotamicum
Anethum Graveolens
Salvia splendens
Ruta graveolens
Euphorbia Pulcherrima
Gerbera Jamesonii
Asclepias fruticosa
Solanum Cherry
Rosmarinus Officinalis
Salvia Splendens Sellow ex-schult
Dianthus Caryophyllus
Begonia x Semperflorens-
Cultorum
Argvranthemum Frutescens
Strelitzia Reginae
1.NUR ZAININA BT MOHD KHAINIZA D20161073954 Armeria Maritimia
2.NUR AMIRA SYUHADA BT ROSMAN D20161073950
3.CHANG CHIA YUN D20182085763
4. AZWIDATUL ILMI BT AMAT D20171079213
Indian Jejube
5.FATIN NADZIRAH BT ABU HASAN (D20182086680)
Gossypium Hirsutum
Table of content
Content Page
Introduction 1
Melastoma decemfidum 2
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa 3
Antirrhinum majus 4
Abutilon Megapotamicum 5
Anethum Graveolens 6
Salvia splendens 7
Ruta graveolens 8
Euphorbia Pulcherrima 9
Gerbera Jamesonii 10
Asclepias fruticosa 11
Solanum Cherry 12
Rosmarinus Officinalis 13
Salvia Splendens Sellow ex-schult 14
Dianthus Caryophyllus 15
Begonia x Semperflorens-Cultorum 16
Argvranthemum Frutescens 17
Strelitzia Reginae 18
Armeria Maritimia 19
Indian Jejube 20
Gossypium Hirsutum 21
References 22
Introduction
INTRODUCTION
This magazine was made to fulfill the
requirement of SBC3023 Plant Morphology and
Anatomy assignment.
On 26th April 2019, we went to fieldtrip to
Agro-Technology Park Mardi and Cameron
Highlands Montane Park (CHiMP) located at
Cameron Highland, Malaysia to observed and
collected pictures 20 different species of plants.
Next, this magazine was made to explain about the
classification, morphological and the economical/
medicinal value of each species collected.
Economical/ medicinal values
Classifications
of plants Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta
The leaf and root extracts are used to treat Superdivision: Spermatophyta
diarrhea, dysentery, epilepsy and rheumatism。
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Myrtales
Family: Melastomataceae
Genus: Melastoma Burm. Ex L
Spesies: Melastoma decemfidum
Morphological
characteristics
Leaf:
Leaf types: Simple
Leaf arrangement: Opposite
Leaf shape: Non-Palm Foliage
Venation: Pinnate
Leaf Margin: Entire
Leaf Scent: No
Color (Growing season): Evergreen
Leaf texture: Hairy and sunken veins
Flower:
Flower showiness: Yes
Flower sexuality: Monoecious
(Bisexual)
Flower symmetry: Radial
Flower scent: No
Flower color: White
Inflorescence: Cluster
Fruit:
Fruit showiness: Yes, black colour
Fruit type: Simple berry fruit
Stem
A shrub or small tree up to 5 m tall.
Its stems reddish, covered with
small scales
Economical/ medicinal values of plants
Classifications
The fruits used as a cure for dysentery and diarrhoea. A Kingdom: Plantae
decoction of the roots or leaves is drunk for diarrhoea Subkingdom: Tracheobionta
Superdivision: Spermatophyta
and stomach ache, and as a protective medicine after Division: Magnoliophyta
birth. Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Rosidae
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Rhodomyrtus
Spesies: Rhodomyrtus tomentosa
Morphological
characteristics
Leaf
Leaf types: Simple
Venation: Pinnate
Leaf Margin: Entire
Leaf Scent: No
Color: Green, Silver / Grey
Leaf texture: Velvety / Furry /
Tomentose
Flower
(Bisexual)
Flower scent: No
Flower color: Pink / Purplish-pink
Inflorescence: Axillary
Fruit
Fruit showiness: Yes, purple colour
Stem
An herbaceous evergreen shrub
growing up to 4 m (12 feet) tall
Antirrhinum majus
Economical/ medicinal
values of plants
The leaves and flowers

are antiphlogistic, bitter, Classifications
resolvent and stimulant. Kingdom: Plantae
They have been employed Subkingdom: Tracheobionta
in poultices on tumours Superdivision: Spermatophyta
and ulcers Division: Magnoliophyta
Subclass: Asteridae
Order: Lamiales
Family: Plantaginaceae /
Veronicaceae
Genus: Antirrhinum L.
Spesies: Antirrhinum majus
Morphological characteristics
Leaf
Leaf types: Simple
Leaf arrangement: Alternate on upper region/
Opposite on lower region
Venation: Pinnate
Leaf Margin: Entire
Leaf Scent: No
Color (Growing season): Evergreen
Leaf texture: Hairy
Flower
Flower sexuality: Monoecious (Bisexual)
Flower symmetry: Bilateral
Flower scent: Fragant
Flower color: White / Yellow / Red / Purple
/Multicolored
Inflorescence: Raceme cyme
Fruit
Fruit showiness: Yes
Fruit type: Seed Pod. The seedpod is rounded
with a long thin beak.
Stem
Herbaceous shrub.
Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta
Superdivision: Spermatophyta
Division: Magnoliophyta Economical/ medicinal
Class: Magnoliopsida values of plants
Subclass: Rosidae
Order: Malvales
Flowers can be cooked and used as a
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Abutilon vegetable
Spesies: Abutilon
megapotamicum
Morphological
characteristics
Leaf
Leaf types: Simple
Leaf arrangement: Alternate
Venation: Pinnate
Leaf Margin: Serrate
Leaf Scent: No
Color: Green
Leaf texture: Smooth
Flower
Flower sexuality: Hermaphroditic
Flower symmetry: Asymmetry
Flower scent: No
Flower color: Red, Yellow / Golden
Inflorescence: Scorpioid cyme
Fruit
Fruit showiness: Yes, brown colour
Stem
A deciduous or partially evergreen shrub up to 6
feet (1.8 m) tall.
Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Tracheophyta
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Anethum L.
Spesies: Anethum graveolens L. –
Dill
Morphological characteristic
Leaf Leaf types: Even Pinnately compound
Leaf arrangement: alternate
Leaf shape: Scale
Venation : pinnate
Leaf Margin: entire
Leaf Scent: Pleasant
Color (Growing season): green
Leaf texture: fine-textured and ferny
Flower Flower showiness: true
Flower sexuality: Bisexual Flowers
Flower scent: pleasant
Flower color: yellow
Inflorescence:compound umbels
Fruit Fruit showiness: False (val, compressed, winged about
one-tenth inch wide)
Seasons: summers
Stem slender stems
Medicinal values of plants

•to relieve colic pain in babies and flatulence in young children.
•The essential oil in the seed relieves intestinal spasms and griping, helping to settle colic.
•The carminative volatile oil improves appetite, relieves gas and aids digestion. Chewing the seeds
improves bad breath.
•Anethum stimulates milk flow in lactating mothers, and is often given to cattles for this reason
• curing diarrhoea
Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
• removing mucous congestion Division: Tracheophyta
• useful for drying breast milk in mothers who are trying Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Lamiales
to wean their babies Family: Lamiaceae – mints,
menthes
Genus: Salvia L. – sage
Spesies: Salvia splendens Sellow
ex Roem. & Schult. – scarlet sage
Leaf types: simple

Leaf shape: Lanceolate
Venation : pinnate
Leaf
Leaf Margin: dentate
Leaf Scent: no fragrance
Leaf texture: medium
Flower scent: No Fragance
Flower Flower symmetry:
Flower color: Orange, Red, Purple,
Variegated, White, Pink
Inflorescence: Raceme
Fruit showiness: no fruit
Fruit
Seasons:-
Stem soft stem
Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Sapindales
Family: Rutaceae – rues,
rutacées
Genus: Ruta L. – rue
Spesies: Ruta graveolens L. –
common rue
values of plants
Stimulating, antispasmodic, stomachic,
irritant, abortifacient; used as an
emmenogogue and for the treatment of
cough, colic and flatulence.
Leaf Leaf types: compound
Leaf shape: oblong
Venation : Pinnate
Leaf Margin: entire
Leaf Scent: aromatic
Color (Growing season): summer
Leaf texture: soft
Flower Flower showiness: yes
Flower scent: no
Flower symmetry: radial
Flower color: yellow
Inflorescence: corymp
Fruit Fruit showiness: yes
Seasons: summer
Stem Woody to shrub
Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae – spurge, euphorbes
Genus: Euphorbia L. – spurge
Spesies: Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch – poinsettia
Leaf Leaf types: simple
Leaf shape: ovate
Venation : pinnate
Leaf Margin: entire
Leaf Scent: no
Color (Growing season): red, white, or pink coloration
Leaf texture: soft

Flower Flower showiness: no
Flower sexuality:
Flower scent: no fragrance
Flower symmetry:
Flower color: green and red
Inflorescence: terminal
Fruit Fruit showiness: no fruit
Seasons:
Stem Soft wooded

•used as emetic, emmenagogue, and galactagogue, for treating tuberculosis, skin infections, and fractures.
•Leaves applied as poultice for erysipelas and a variety of cutaneous problems.
•To increase the flow of milk, although the practice is considered dangerous.
Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae / Compositae –
Aster family
Genus: Gerbera J.F. Gmel. –
Transvaal daisy
Spesies: Gerbera jamesonii bolus
ex hook. f. – Barberton daisy
a. Leaf Leaf types: simple
Leaf arrangement:
Leaf shape: lyrate
Venation : pennate
Leaf Margin: lacinate
Leaf Scent:
Leaf texture:
b. Flower Flower showiness: pentiole
Flower sexuality: angiosperm
Flower scent:
Flower symmetry: actinomorphic
(radically symmetry)
Flower color: Orange, Pink, Red, White,

Yellow / Golden
Inflorescence:
c. Fruit Fruit showiness: no fruit
Seasons:
d. Stem no stem
Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida - dicotyledons
Order: Gentianales
Family: Asclepiadeceae - Milkweed family
Genus: Asclepias L. - milkweed
Spesies: Asclepias fruticosa L. – African
milkweed
a.Leaf
Leaf types: simple
Leaf arrangement: opposite
Leaf shape: linear
Venation :arcute
Leaf Margin: entire
Leaf Scent: no
b. Flower
Flower showiness: Axillary, Terminal
Flower sexuality: Angiosperm
Flower scent: yes
Flower symmetry: actinomorphic (radially
symmetry)
Flower color: Cream / Off-White
Inflorescence: Umbel
c. Fruit
Economical/ medicinal values of plants Fruit showiness: yes
A leaf infusion is used to treat diarrhoea and stomach

pain. Roots are used to relieve stomach pain and d.Stem: Multi-stemmed, covered with short
general aches in the body. The floss is sometimes hair when young, light brown, often with
used for stuffing.), Cut / Dried Flower (Foliage and watery or milky sap.
the fruit are used in floral arrangements.)

Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: magnoliaophyta – Flowering plant
Class: magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Order : Solanales
Family : Solanacea – tomato family
Genus : Solanum L. – nightshade
Spesies: Solanum pseudocapsicum L.- Jerussalem Cherry
a. Leaf
Leaf types: simple
Leaf arrangement: opposite
Leaf shape: elliptic
Venation : arcuate
Leaf Margin: entire
Leaf Scent:
Color (Growing season):
Leaf texture:
b. Flower
Flower showiness: Axillary
Flower scent:
Flower symmetry: actinomorphic (radially
symmetry)
Flower color: purple or white
Inflorescence: Raceme
c. Fruit
Fruit showiness:
Seasons:

•Medicinal (In folk medicine, this plant is used externally to treat acute abdominal pain and boils. It is also
used to make a tonic for men.)
Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae - Plants
Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida – dicotyledons
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae / Labiatea – Mint family
Genus: Rosmarinus L. – rosemary
Spesies: Rosmarinus officialis L. - rosemary
a. Leaf
Leaf types: simple
Leaf arrangement: compound
Economical/ Leaf shape: lanceolate to falcate (sickle-
medicinal values of shape)
Venation : Pinnate reticulate anastomose
plants near the margin
Leaf Margin: Entire
Edible Plant Parts (Edible Color (Growing season): dark shining green
Leaves) Leaf texture: think and leathery
Food (Herb & Spice: The
leaves complement chicken b. Flower
and fish dishes well. Flower showiness: Axillary
Flower symmetry: Bilateral
Flower color: White, [Remarks] (Very pale
blue)
c. Fruit
Fruit showiness: Simple Fruit
d. Stem: Herbaceous
Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Angiosperm
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Salvia
Spesies: Salvia splendens
sellow ex schult
a.Leaf
Leaf types: Simple or unifoliate
Leaf arrangement: Opposite arrangement
Leaf shape: Ovate and accuminate at apex
Venation：Arcuate
Leaf Margin: serrate or toothed margins
Color (Growing season): Dark to medium green
b.Flower
Flower sexuality:Bisexual
Flower color: Bright red
Inflorescence: Raceme type
d.Stem: Shrub plant grow maximum from 0.2 m

to 0.9 m
Economical/
medicinal values of
plants
widely grown as ornamental

plant as many cultivar from
white to dark pourple flower
and Studies have suggested
the leaves has antimicrobial,
antihyperglycemic,
anticoagulant, anti-
inflammatory, wound healing,
mosquito larvicidal properties.
Used for dressing wounds,
treating colds and coughs
Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Class: Equisetopsida C. Argardh
Order: caryophyllales
Family: Caryophyliaceae
Genus: Dianthus
Spesies: D. Caryophullus
a. Leaf
Leaf types: Simple
Leaf arrangement: Opposite pairs along
the stems.
Leaf shape: Linear or lanceolate
Leaf Margin: Ciliate
Leaf Scent: odourless
Leaf Color : Glaucous greyish green to
blue-green, slender leaf,
Leaf texture: Wax coated leaves
b. Flower
Flower showiness: psychedelic colour
Flower sexuality: Bisexual
Fower scent: Sweetly scented
Flower color: Original natural flower
colour is bright pinkish-purple. Cultivars
of other colours including red, white,
yellow and green.
Inflorescence: Terminal Cluster
Seasons: flower throughout the year in
tropical country
d. Stem: 20-70 cm tall, stem

are erect or ascending, branched, short
and woody

- An ornamental, herbaceous and perennial plant
Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Cucurbitales Economical/ medicinal
Family: Begoniaceae
values of plants
Genus: Begonia wax begonia is an ornamental flower
Spesies: Begonia semperflorens and foliage
- use for lanscaping
.
a.Leaf
Leaf types: Simple
Leaf shape: Ovate
Venation：Palmate
Leaf Margin: Serrulate
Leaf Scent: No fragrant
Color (Growing season): red, brown , green, red
Leaf texture: powdery, waxy and fleshy, juicy
b.Flower
Flower showiness: yes
Flower sexuality: Monoecious (Bisexual)
Fower scent: No Fragrant
Flower color: white, red, pink
Inflorescence: cluster
c.Fruit
Fruit showiness: no
Fruit colour :brown
Fruit texture: papery
Seasons: spring, summer
d.Stem: soft and succulent stem

Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Argyranthemum
Spesies: A. Frutescens
a. Leaf
Leaf shape: pinnate
Venation：reticulate
Leaf Margin:serrate rarely entire
Leaf Scent: Fragrant
Color (Growing season): bluish-green
Leaf texture: waxy
b. Flower
Flower sexuality: bisexual
Fower scent: fragrant
Flower color: white, yellow, pink
Inflorescence: yes
c.Fruit
Fruit showiness: Subterete or obovoid
Economical/ medicinal values of plants achene
- use as an ornamental plant Seasons: throughout the year in tropical
-Beneficial for whooping cough, asthma, nervous country
excitability and conjunctivitis
- edible flower d.Stem: shrub perennial, erect, branches and
glabrous
Economical/ medicinal values
of plants
The strained decoctions from the inflorence
to treat inflamed glands and venereal diseases 。
Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Zingiberales
Family: Strelitziaceae
Genus: Strelitzia Aiton
Spesies: Strelitzia reginae Aiton
Morphological
characteristics
.Leaf
Leaf types: Simple
Leaf arrangement: Linear
Leaf shape: Oblong
Venation：Pinnate
Leaf Margin: Undulate
Leaf Scent: No fragrance
Color (Growing season): Blue-green
Leaf texture: Coarse
Flower
Flower scent: No fragrance
Flower type : Spike
Flower color: Vivid orange and bright
purple/blue
Fruit
Seasons: Year round
Stem:
Evergreen shrub or small tree up to
15 m high, with trunk 40 cm or more
in diameter; spreading crown;
stipular spines and many drooping
branches
Classifications
The dried flowering plant is antibiotic and has been used
Kingdom: Plantae
in the treatment of obesity, some nervous disorders and Division: Tracheophyta
urinary infections. It cannot be used externally as an
Order: Caryophyllanae
antibiotic poultice because it can cause dermatitis or local Family: Plumbaginaceae
Genus: Armeria
irritation.
Species: Armeria maritima
Morphological
characteristics
a.Leaf
Leaf types: Simple
Leaf shape: Linear
Venation：Parallel
Leaf Margin: Ciliate
Color (Growing season): Dark-green
leaves
b.Flower
Fower scent: No fragrance
Flower color: In mid-spring small
pink to lavender (or sometimes
white) flowers are produced in
globular clusters subtended by
purplish, papery bracts on the ends
of slender, unbranched,
leafless stalks that extend well
above the foliage
Inflorescence: Cyme
c.Fruit
Fruit showiness: No
Seasons: No season
d.Stem:
Herbaceous
values of plants
It is a good source of
carotene, vitamins A and
C, and fatty oils
Fruits and bark are used
to make dye and medicinal
preparations Classifications
Kingdom: Plantae
Order: Rhamnales
Family: Rhamnaceae
Genus: Ziziphus Mill
Spesies: Indian jejube
a.Leaf
Leaf types: Simple
Leaf shape: Ovate
Venation：Dichotomous
Leaf Margin: Serrulate
Leaf Scent: No
Color (Growing season): Medium to light green
or gold
Leaf texture: The upper surface of the leaves
is dark glossy green and the lower one is
densely hairy
b.Flower
Flower sexuality: Dioecious
Fower scent: No
Flower symmetry:
Flower color: The flowers are pentamerous,
greenish yellow in colour
c.Fruit
Fruit type : Ovoid drupe
d.Stem:
A shrub or small thorny tree that can grow to
a height of 3-15 m
Classifications values of plants
The boiled leaves are
Kingdom: Plantae
applied to skin rashes on
Class: Magnoliopsida children
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Gossypium
Spesies: Gossypium hirsutum L.
Morphological
characteristics
a.Leaf
Leaf types: Simple
Leaf shape: Star-shape
Venation：Palmate
Leaf Margin: Lobate
b.Flower
Fower scent: No fragrance
Flower color: Yellowish white, fading to pinkish
purple
Inflorescence: Solitary
c.Fruit
d.Stem:
The stems are more or less woody and the plant
can assume the habit of a tree or shrub.
References
• http://pza.sanbi.org/strelitzia-reginae
• https://www.thoughtco.com/id-trees-using-leaf-shape-venation-1343511
• .biologydiscussion.com/angiosperm/dicotyledons/malvaceae-characters-
distribution-and-types/48004
• https://wimastergardener.org/article/sea-thrift-armeria-maritima/
• http://www.indiahomeclub.com/botanical_garden/bot_leaf_arrangement.php
• http://www.naturalmedicinalherbs.net/herbs/a/armeria-maritima=sea-
thrift.php
• https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Leaf_morphology.svg
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-
sciences/ruta-graveolens
• https://extension.illinois.edu/poinsettia/facts.cfm
• Kannan, R., & Babu, U. V. (2012). Identity and pharmacognosy of Ruta
graveolens Linn. Ancient science of life, 32(1), 16–19. doi:10.4103/0257-
7941.113792
• https://florafaunaweb.nparks.gov.sg/Special-Pages/plant-detail.aspx?id=2414
• Kumar, P. M., Sasmal, D., & Mazumder, P. M. (2010). The antihyperglycemic
effect of aerial parts of Salvia splendens (scarlet sage) in streptozotocin-
induced diabetic-rats. Pharmacognosy research, 2(3), 190–194.
doi:10.4103/0974-8490.65520
sciences/anethum
• https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_v
alue=29584#null
• http://repository.ut.ac.id/4245/2/PEBI4107-M1.pdf
• Jana, S., & Shekhawat, G. S. (2010). Anethum graveolens: An Indian traditional
medicinal herb and spice. Pharmacognosy reviews, 4(8), 179–184.
doi:10.4103/0973-7847.70915
• http://www.plantfileonline.net/plants/plant_details/1
• http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?
kempercode=d682
sciences/poinsettia
• https://www.calyxflowers.com/floral-library/poinsettia/
• http://www.stuartxchange.org/Poinsettia.html

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Melastoma decemfidum

Salvia Splendens Sellow ex-schult

The leaves and flowers

Medicinal values of plants

Leaf types: simple

Leaf texture: soft

Stem Soft wooded

Medicinal values of plants

Flower color: Orange, Pink, Red, White,

Economical/ medicinal values of plants Fruit showiness: yes

A leaf infusion is used to treat diarrhoea and stomach

the fruit are used in floral arrangements.)

Medicinal values of plants

d.Stem: Shrub plant grow maximum from 0.2 m

widely grown as ornamental

d. Stem: 20-70 cm tall, stem

Medicinal values of plants

d.Stem: soft and succulent stem

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