The Energy Flow

from Environment
to Cell
Josh Hann Jimmuel Tasane y Martin
Let’s begin.
 Energy that organisms use comes from
food. Organisms can make their own food
(autotrophs) or get it by consuming other
organisms (heterotrophs). Examples of
autotrophs include plants and photosynthetic
organisms such as algae. Examples of
heterotrophs include animals and humans.
 Most autotrophs, such as plants,
phytoplankton, and algae, capture light energy
and take in carbon dioxide and water from
environment. The reactants (CO2 and H2O) are
then converted into glucose. In addition, oxygen
is released as a by-product.

C6H12O6
IS GLUCOSE
 This process is known as
photosynthesis which occurs in the
cell’s chloroplast. Since autotrophs can
make their own food, they are also called
producers.
 On the other hand, heterotrophs cannot
make their own food so they depend on other
organisms for food. Some consume autotrophs
(herbivores) while other consume other
heterotrophs (carnivores) or consume both
(omnivores). Since they obtain energy from
other organisms., they are also called
consumers.
HERBIVORE
CARNIVORE
OMNIVORE
 The cells of heterotrophs produce
Adenosine Tri – Phosphate (ATP), a energy
carrying molecule by breaking the chemical
bonds in glucose and releasing their stored
energy. This process is known as cellular
respiration which occurs in the mitochondria of
each cell.
 Photosynthesis in autotrophs and cellular
respiration in heterotrophs work together to
store and release energy in living organisms. The
reactants of photosynthesis – CO2 and H2O
produce C6H12O6 and H2O. These products
are then used by heterotrophs in cellular
respiration which releases CO2 and H2O back
to the environment.
 As energy moves among living organisms,
some of it is lost as heat. Nevertheless, that
energy is not completely lost in the universe.
Energy is never created nor destroyed
 It is just converted from one form
into another. One good example is when
you fell hot after exercise. The warmth
that you feel in your body results from
energy transformation that occurs when
you move.
 The illustration that you saw
shows the overall flow of energy through
living organisms. The solar energy is
captured by chlorophyll in the chloroplast
of plant cell (producers). Through
photosynthesis, glucose is produced.
 Animals could then use this
glucose from producers to make their
own energy through cellular respiration.
This process occurs in the mitochondria
of animal cells. As energy is transferred,
some energy is lost in the form of heat
through different activities of the body.
100% 10%
0.1%

0.01%
KEY POINTS
 Autotrophs can make their own food through
a process known as photosynthesis.
 Heterotrophs consume other organisms for
food. They harvest energy through the process
known as cellular respiration.
 As energy is transferred between living
organisms, some energy is lost in the form of
heat and body activities.
 Only 10% of the energy is obtained when an
organism eats the other.
 The solar energy is captured in the choloroplast
of producers. Through photosynthesis, glucose
is produced. Animals could use this glucose
from producers to make their own energy
through cellular respiration which occurs in the
mitochondria.
Autotrophs Heterotrophs
Thank you for listening IF
you are LISTENING
ATTENTIVELY!!!!!
QUIZ
 What are the organisms that can make
their own food?
 For the second question, what do you call
organisms that consume other organisms.
 For 3-5, give examples of Autotrophs.
 What process occur ?
 What is the reactants of photosynthesis?
What is the energy carrying molecule?
If photosynthesis is for autotrophs, then
cellular respiration is for?
 Energy is lost through what?
ANSWERS
1) Autotrophs
2) Heterotrophs or Consumer
3) plants
4) phytoplankton
5) algae
6) Adenosine Tri-Phosphate
7) CO2 and H2O
8) Adenosine Tri-Phosphate
9) Heterotrophs
10) Heat