Renewable Microgrid

Simulations Part II
Wind Generation
Ryan Magargle, PhD
Lead Application Engineer, ANSYS Inc.

1 © 2018 ANSYS, Inc. August 18, 2019 ANSYS Confidential

 Overview: Wind Generation
Twin Builder

• Simulation Tools
FML_INIT 1 VM5 VM6 VM7

ICA:FML4 + + +
V V V

RMxprt
EQU

0 0 0
Gear − Twin Builder – Circuits
Grid Switchgear Generator
− RMxprt, Maxwell - Generator
WM1 gear_ideal1
U3

+
stator_connect4
w 100 %

A WM2 A_1 A_2 A1 2

F_ROT 1
W + FM_ROT 1
B B_1 B_2 B1 ROT 1 1

T
0 C_1 C_2 C1 ROT 2
C +
WM3 N1
W T

MASS_ROT1
0
0
+

A2
B2
C2
N2
0
W
0 0
0
+
w
lmt1

ICA:
LIMIT
EQU

WM6

W
+
VSI3ph_A1 Wind Torque
B6U1
VSI_3ph_avg WM5

W
+
B6U

VM1
C2 WM4

W
D1

+
D3 D5 +
V

D2 D4 D6

Rectifier Inverter

2 © 2018 ANSYS, Inc. August 18, 2019 ANSYS Confidential

 System Overview
Behavioral Control Closed Loop Control
Switch Modulation
• Space vector modulation to realize target waveforms
PID Control
• Error control to drive modulation to target waveform
MPPT Reference
• Power tracking to drive optimal power reference for PID control
PLL Grid Synchronization
• Phase locked loop to ensure generator voltage phase and
Physical System
amplitude matching to grid to prevent connection transients

Physical Energy Generation

Wind - Blade Torque Mechanical Source

• Relational dataset for wind speed, blade torque correlation.
Electric Machine Energy Conversion
• Doubly Fed Induction Generator reacting to wind blade torque
to output electrical power using inverter rectifier on rotor

3 © 2018 ANSYS, Inc. August 18, 2019 ANSYS Confidential

 Simulation Tools: ANSYS Electronics Desktop

RMxprt – Analytical
Maxwell – Numerical Fields
Twin Builder – Circuits Circuits

Fields

Design Tools

4 © 2018 ANSYS, Inc. August 18, 2019 ANSYS Confidential

 Typical Electric Machine Simulation Workflow
Design Analysis/Verification System Electronics

• Analytical Machine Design • 2D/3D Transient FEA • Control Loops, Switching

• Sketches and Parameters • Performance Maps • Cable, Package Effects

5 © 2018 ANSYS, Inc. August 18, 2019 ANSYS Confidential

 I. RMxprt: Design Tool for Rotating Machinery
Estimation of motor characteristics through ultrafast analysis based on magnetic
circuit method (permeance method)
• Analysis time for one pattern: About one or two seconds
Parametric analysis and optimization analysis
• Completion of analysis of several hundred patterns in a short time

Phase current waveform – Electrical angle

Flux - Position and current
characteristics

SPM motor
Efficiency – Speed characteristic
Example of basic etc...
characteristic analysis
List of properties

6 © 2018 ANSYS, Inc. August 18, 2019 ANSYS Confidential

 II. Automated Parametric FEM Creation

One-Click Machine Model Generation DFIG

7 © 2018 ANSYS, Inc. August 18, 2019 ANSYS Confidential

 III. Equivalent Circuit Machine Model
PMSM ECE model equivalent circuit structure

FML_INIT 1 VM5 VM6 VM7

ICA:FML4 + + +

EQU V V V

0 0 0

WM1 gear_ide
U3

+
stator_connect4
w 100 %

A WM2 A_1 A_2 A1 2

W + FM_ROT 1
B B_1 B_2 B1 ROT 1 1

T
0 C_1 C_2 C1 ROT 2
C +
WM3 N1
W
0
0
+

A2
B2
C2
N2
W
0 0
0

WM6

W
+
VSI3ph_A1
B6U1
VSI_3ph_avg WM5

W
+
B6U
8 © 2018 ANSYS, Inc. August 18, 2019 ANSYS Confidential VM1
 Example Projects

• Simplorer Model Using Averaged Switch

Model and Grid Synchronization

• Simplorer Model Using Custom Switch

Modulation and No Grid Synchronization

• 2D Maxwell Generator Model

• 3D Maxwell Generator Model

• RMxprt Generator Design

9 © 2018 ANSYS, Inc. August 18, 2019 ANSYS Confidential