1.1 Define isotopes.

a) Atoms with the same number of neutrons, but a different

number of electrons
b) Atoms with the same number of protons, but a different
number of electrons
c) Atoms with the same number of protons, but a different
number of neutrons
d) Atoms with the same number of neutrons, but a different
number of protons
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 1.1 Define isotopes.

a) Atoms with the same number of neutrons, but a different

number of electrons
b) Atoms with the same number of protons, but a different
number of electrons
c) Atoms with the same number of protons, but a different
number of neutrons
d) Atoms with the same number of neutrons, but a different
number of protons
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 1.2 Describe the structure of an atom.

a) Neutrons and protons are in the nucleus; electrons

are in orbitals.
b) Neutrons and electrons are in the nucleus; protons
are in orbitals.
c) Electrons and protons are in the nucleus; neutrons
are in orbitals.
d) Electrons are in the nucleus; neutrons and protons
are in orbitals.

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 1.2 Describe the structure of an atom.

a) Neutrons and protons are in the nucleus; electrons

are in orbitals.
b) Neutrons and electrons are in the nucleus; protons
are in orbitals.
c) Electrons and protons are in the nucleus; neutrons
are in orbitals.
d) Electrons are in the nucleus; neutrons and protons
are in orbitals.

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 1.3 What is the electronic configuration for Al?

a) 1s22s22p6
b) 1s22s22p63s1
c) 1s22s22p63s2
d) 1s22s22p63s23p1

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 1.3 What is the electronic configuration for Al?

a) 1s22s22p6
b) 1s22s22p63s1
c) 1s22s22p63s2
d) 1s22s22p63s23p1

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 1.4 What is the electronic
configuration for Ca2+?

a) 1s22s22p63s2
b) 1s22s22p63s23p6
c) 1s22s22p63s23p64s2
d) 1s22s22p63s23p64s24p2

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 1.4 What is the electronic
configuration for Ca2+?

a) 1s22s22p63s2
b) 1s22s22p63s23p6
c) 1s22s22p63s23p64s2
d) 1s22s22p63s23p64s24p2

Explanation:
Calcium has an electronic configuration of 1s22s22p63s23p64s2. The
2+ means the loss of the last two electrons.

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 1.5 Identify the compound with ionic bonding.

a) CH4
b) NaBr
c) CH3Cl
d) CH3OH

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 1.5 Identify the compound with ionic bonding.

a) CH4
b) NaBr
c) CH3Cl
d) CH3OH

Explanation:
Ionic bonds are formed between metals and nonmetals.

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 1.6 How many bonding pairs of electrons
are in NH2OH?

a) One pair of electrons

b) Two pairs of electrons
c) Three pairs of electrons
d) Four pairs of electrons

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 1.6 How many bonding pairs of electrons
are in NH2OH?

a) One pair of electrons

b) Two pairs of electrons
c) Three pairs of electrons
d) Four pairs of electrons

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 1.7 How many nonbonding pairs of
electrons are in NH2OH?

a) One pair of electrons

b) Two pairs of electrons
c) Three pairs of electrons
d) Four pairs of electrons

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 1.7 How many nonbonding pairs of
electrons are in NH2OH?

a) One pair of electrons

b) Two pairs of electrons
c) Three pairs of electrons
d) Four pairs of electrons

Explanation:
NH2OH has one nonbonding pair on nitrogen and two nonbonding
pairs on oxygen.

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 1.8 How many bonds (pairs of electrons)
are in CH2=CH2?

a) Two bonds d) Five bonds

b) Three bonds e) Six bonds
c) Four bonds

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 1.8 How many bonds (pairs of electrons)
are in CH2=CH2?

a) Two bonds d) Five bonds

b) Three bonds e) Six bonds
c) Four bonds

Explanation:
CH2CH2 has two carbon–carbon bonds and four single
carbon–hydrogen bonds.

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 1.9 How does electronegativity change
on the periodic table?

a) Increase from left to right; increase from top to bottom

b) Increase from left to right; increase from bottom to top
c) Increase from right to left; increase from top to bottom
d) Increase from right to left; increase from bottom to top

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 1.9 How does electronegativity change
on the periodic table?

a) Increase from left to right; increase from top to bottom

b) Increase from left to right; increase from bottom to top
c) Increase from right to left; increase from top to bottom
d) Increase from right to left; increase from bottom to top

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 1.10 List the following atoms in order
of decreasing electronegativity.

a) C > Br > O > F

b) F > O > C > Br
c) F > O > Br > C
d) F > C > O > Br

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 1.10 List the following atoms in order
of decreasing electronegativity.

a) C > Br > O > F

b) F > O > C > Br
c) F > O > Br > C
d) F > C > O > Br

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 1.11 How many valence electrons
does carbon have?

a) Three valence electrons

b) Four valence electrons
c) Five valence electrons
d) Six valence electrons
e) Seven valence electrons

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 1.11 How many valence electrons
does carbon have?

a) Three valence electrons

b) Four valence electrons
c) Five valence electrons
d) Six valence electrons
e) Seven valence electrons

Explanation:
Carbon has an electronic configuration of 1s22s22p2 and thus has
only four electrons in its outer shell.

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 1.12 Identify the formal charge for C in CH3-.

a) -1
b) 0
c) 1
d) 2

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 1.12 Identify the formal charge for C in CH3-.

a) -1
b) 0
c) 1
d) 2

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 1.13 A compound has 85.72% carbon and
14.28% hydrogen. Give the empirical formula.

a) CH
b) CH2
c) CH3
d) CH4

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 1.13 A compound has 85.72% carbon and
14.28% hydrogen. Give the empirical formula.

a) CH
b) CH2
c) CH3
d) CH4

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 1.14 A compound has an EF of C2H5O and a
MW of 90.121 g/mole. What is the MF?

a) C3H10O2 d) C5H8O
b) C4H8O e) C6H10O2
c) C4H10O2

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 1.14 A compound has an EF of C2H5O and a
MW of 90.121 g/mole. What is the MF?

a) C3H10O2 d) C 5H 8O
b) C 4H 8O e) C6H10O2
c) C4H10O2

Explanation:
Empirical weight of C2H5O is 45.06 g/mole.
90.121 / 45.06 = 2
C2x2H5x2O = C4H10O2

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 1.15 Identify the Arrhenius acid.
HNO3 + H2O  H3O+ + NO3-

a) HNO3 c) H3O+
b) H2O d) NO3-

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 1.15 Identify the Arrhenius acid.
HNO3 + H2O  H3O+ + NO3-

a) HNO3 c) H 3 O+
b) H 2O d) NO3-

Explanation:
HNO3 dissociates in water to give H3O+ Arrhenius acid.

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 1.16 Identify the Brønsted–Lowry base.
-
HCl + CH3NH2  CH3NH3 + Cl +

a) HCl c) CH3NH3+
b) CH3NH2 d) Cl-

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 1.16 Identify the Brønsted–Lowry base.
-
HCl + CH3NH2  CH3NH3 + Cl +

a) HCl c) CH3NH3+
b) CH3NH2 d) Cl-

Explanation:
CH3NH2 is a species that can accept a proton (Brønsted–Lowry base).

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 1.17 Identify the Lewis base.

CH3O- + CH3Br  CH3OCH3 + Br-

a) CH3O- c) CH3OCH3
b) CH3Br d) Br-

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 1.17 Identify the Lewis base.

CH3O- + CH3Br  CH3OCH3 + Br-

a) CH3O- c) CH3OCH3
b) CH3Br d) Br-

Explanation:
CH3O- is a species with nonbonding electrons that can be donated
to form new bonds (Lewis base).

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 1.18 Identify the strongest acid.

a) H2O c) CH3COOH
b) CH3OH d) HF

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 1.18 Identify the strongest acid.

a) H 2O c) CH3COOH
b) CH3OH d) HF

Explanation:
The acids decrease in strength in the order of
HF > CH3COOH > CH3OH > H2O.

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 1.19 Identify the strongest base.

a) NH3 c) CH3-
b) HCOO- d) OH-

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 1.19 Identify the strongest base.

a) NH3 c) CH3-
b) HCOO- d) OH-

Explanation:
The bases decrease in strength in the order of
CH3- > OH- > NH3 > HCOO-.

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 1.20 Define a nucleophile.

a) A species that donates electrons

b) A species that accepts electrons
c) A species that accepts protons
d) A species that donates protons

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 1.20 Define a nucleophile.

a) A species that donates electrons

b) A species that accepts electrons
c) A species that accepts protons
d) A species that donates protons

Explanation:
A nucleophile donates electrons, and an electrophile accepts electrons.

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