ARCHIPELAGO

INDONESIAN HISTORY AND

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
Raden Auditya Hidayah
052 - 018 – 078
Sultan Ghifari
052 - 018 – 094
Sheila Belinda
052 - 018 – 091
Salsa Dilla
052 - 018 – 086
Sekar Kurnia
052 - 018 – 090
March 29th, 2019

SURAKARTA HADININGRAT PALACE

ARCHITECTURE

INDONESIAN HISTORY AND

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
ARCHIPELAGO Background
Surakarta Palace is one of the exotic
buildings of its time. One of the architects
of this palace was Prince Mangkubumi
(later the title Sultan Hamengku Buwana I)
who also became the main architect of the
Yogyakarta Palace. Therefore, it issued a
basic pattern for the second spatial layout
of the palace (Yogyakarta and Surakarta).

The Surakarta Palace as can be witnessed today was not built

simultaneously in 1744-1745, but was built in stages by maintaining the
basic pattern of spatial structure that remained the same as the
beginning. The last massive construction and restoration was carried out
by Susuhunan Pakubuwana X who reigned in 1893-1939. Most of these
palaces are nuances of white and blue with architectural Javanese-
European mixed styles.

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In general the palace division includes: North (North Square Lor Complex,
Sumewa Sasana Complex, Siti Hinggil Lor Complex, Kamandungan Lor
Complex, Sri Manganti Kidul Complex, Kedaton Complex, Kamagangan
Complex), South (Sri Manganti Kidul, South Complex, Kamandungan Kidul,
and Siti Hinggil Complex and South Square).

The palace complex is also surrounded by baluwarti, a defense wall about

three to five meters high and about one meter thick without a bridge. This
wall encircles an area with a rectangular shape. The area was about five
hundred meters wide and about seven hundred meters long. The palace
complex inside the wall is from Kamandungan Lor / North to South/
Kamandungan Kidul.

INDONESIAN HISTORY AND

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ARCHIPELAGO Function

In ancient times, the space

around Gladag and the second
gate was used as a place to
Gladag Gate store hunted animals before
being gladag (forced) and
slaughtered in a slaughterhouse

Alun-alun Lor Complex (North) INDONESIAN HISTORY AND

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
ARCHIPELAGO

Great Mosque of Surakarta

To t h e w e s t o f t h e n o r t h s q u a r e s t a n d s t h e
Great Mosque of Surakarta. This mosque is an
official royal mosque and was founded by
Susuhunan Pakubuwana III in 1750 (Surakarta
Sunanate is an Islamic kingdom). The main
building consists of the main porch and mosque.

INDONESIAN HISTORY AND

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Exterior Atmosphere of Sasana Sumewa
This place in his day was used
(middle and upper officials) in
complex there are a number of
Pancawura or Kyai Sapu Jagad.
reign of Sultan Agung
Interior Perspective of Sasana Sumewa
as a place to face the punggawa
official royal ceremonies. In this
cannons including the name Kyai
This cannon was made during the
INDONESIAN HISTORY AND
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
ARCHIPELAGO

The main building in the Siti Tratag Siti Hinggil Lor which is
Hinggil complex is the Sewayana called Sasana Sewayana.
Sasana used by the dignitaries to
attend the royal ceremony. In
addition there is the Manguntur
Tangkil Ward. This ward functions
as a throne for the throne of Sri
Sunan when he received the
leaders

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Brajanala Lor Kamandungan Lor

Complex/North.
is the main entrance gate On the left and right Now this place
from the north to the North side of Balerata, serves as the
Kamandungan there are booths as Museum of the
parking lots for trains Keraton Train.
and vehicles to be
used by Sri Sunan.

INDONESIAN HISTORY AND

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Local people believe that the tower Sanggabuwana Stage

was used by Susuhunan to meditate
and meet with Nyai Rara Kidul. Aside
from being a place to meditate,
Panggung Sanggabuwana actually
functions as a defense tower,

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On the page of Sri Manganti there are two main buildings

namely Smarakatha Ward on the west and Marcukundha Ward
on the east.

Marcukundha Ward in its Smarakatha Ward is used

time was used to deal
with army officers, to
raise ranks of employees
and junior officials, as
well as a place to hand
down sentences for Sri
Sunan's relatives.
to face middle-up
employees with the rank
of Regent Lebet up
INDONESIAN HISTORY AND
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
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Sasana Sewaka Sasana Handrawina

In this place buried This place is used as the

heirlooms and also the official royal banquet venue
throne of Sri Sunan which
became a symbol of the
kingdom.

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Magangan Ward Brajanala Kidul Lor

Around this courtyard Now this complex is used

there are buildings to to maintain the palace
place warrior equipment, heritage in the form of
such as kris, swords, albino buffalo descended
rifles, pistols, and from Kyai Slamet.
uniforms for warriors.

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ARCHIPELAGO Floor Plan
Since that time, the Keraton Surakarta building
complex still functions as the residence of Sri
Sunan and his court household which still runs
the royal tradition until now; besides also
being one of the main tourist attractions in
Surakarta. Some of the palace complexes are
museums that hold various royal collections,
including various gifts from European kings,
replicas of palace heirlooms, and gamelan. Even
though the palace currently functions as a
tourism site, not all parts of the palace are
open to the public. In terms of the physical
structure, the Surakarta Palace is the best
example of traditional Javanese palace
architecture

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Surakarta palace use Tridenta Surakarta palace use

Traditional Roof for Sumewa Limas Roof for
Stage Kamandungan Lor

INDONESIAN HISTORY AND

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most of the Surakarta palace use flora ornaments such as flowers and
others

INDONESIAN HISTORY AND

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
ARCHIPELAGO Types of Material

INDONESIAN HISTORY AND

THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE