The Living Cell

By Faith and Roxanne

 living cells are the basic
unit of life, a living
organism cannot be formed
without cells
Robert Hooke
Matthias Scledein
Rodulf Virchow
Theodor Schwann
CELL THEORY
3 main ideas:
1. All living things are made of cells
2. Cells are the smallest working units of all
living things.
3. Cells come from other cells
there are two types of cell:
• Prokaryotic
• Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic cells are Eukaryotic cells are
the simplest cell type. present in higher
This type of cells are forms of life. These
single celled cell cells have a distinct
bound nucleus and has
more membrane bound
organelles.
 DIFFERENCE OF ANIMAL
CELL AND PLANT CELLS
PLANT CELLS ANIMAL CELLS
• Plant cells contain a • Animal celels have
variety of membrane- centriole which aids in
bound structures mitosis which is not
called organelles. present in plants.
• Plant cells also contain
chloroplasts that • Animal cells typically
capture energy from contains several types
sunlight and a single of membrane-bound
fluid-filled vacuole that organelles
stores compounds and
helps in plant growth.
• Plant cells have cell
walls
• Plant cells have bigger
vacoules
PLANT CELL
ANIMAL CELL
• NUCLEUS
It is like the brain of the cell. it regulates organelle activity
within the cell and houses the genetic material of a cell.
• CYTOPLASM
This houses the cell organelles. It is the site where most cellular
activities occur
• CELL MEMBRANE
It controls what comes in and out. This acts as a barrier between
the cytoplasm and the outside environment of the cells.
• MITOCHONDRIA
This is called the power house of the cell. It takes in nutrients,
breaks them down, and create energy for the cell.
• GOLGI APPARATUS
It is the main protein packaging system of cell. It modifies
proteins from ribosomes and ships them to their destination
within the cell.
• CYTOSKELETETON
Maintains the cell’s shape. It is also responsible for maintaining
other organelles position within the cell.
• CELL WALLS
Sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds the plant cell. It
provides the cells with structural support and protection,
and also acts as a filtering mechanism.
• CHLOROPLAST
An organelle containing chlorophyll which captures light
energy to make organic molecules in a complex set of
processes called photosynthesis.
• VACOULE
They are essentially enclosed compartments which are filled
with water containing inorganic and organic molecules
including enzymes in solution.
• ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
These are the extensive network of channels that account
for half of cell’s membranes.
• LYSOSOME
It functions as the digestive organelle.
• RIBOSOMES
They are the protein factories of cell.
 LIFE WITHOUT CELLS?
• Viruses are infectious agents
consisting of a nucleus of
genetic material inside a
coating bundle of protein, called
a capsid. They can replicate only
within a host cell; when the
capsid lacks a host, it is
metabolically inert. Because
non-cellular viruses can’t
reproduce on their own and
aren't made of cells themselves,
most scientists consider them
less than alive.