Kuliah Umum UGM 15 Mar 2014

Basic Well Completion
Tomi HIDAYAT
Yogyakarta, 15 March 2014

DID YOU KNOW
SOMETIMES THE MOST IMPORTANT WORK
YOU CAN DO IS
TO STOP WORKING.
If you’re working and you see a process that is not being followed
correctly, or if you notice at-risk behavior going on, take the
initiative and call a quick time-out. Then confer with your
workmates to make sure everyone knows the safe way to continue.
Executing Stop Work Authority to right safety wrongs and
catch potential unsafe action before it actually happens is not
only responsible, it’s also effective. In fact, in the oil and gas
industry, it’s been one of the most successful approaches to
safety in the last decade.
Empower the people around you. Encourage them to watch for
unsafe conditions or processes, and when it’s necessary, stop the
job until it can be done safely.
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2
Drilling Operation
3-
Drilling Operations - Making Holes
Conductor
Surface
casing
Intermediate
casing
Production
casing
Production
liner
4
Have you ever been here before ?
Do you want to be here ?
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5
Typical Sequence of Operations :

• Rig up
Depth reference
below derrick floor - bdf
roller kelly bushing - rkb
Main deck
Cellar deck
depth reference Sea level Conductor
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6

• Rig up
• Drill surface holes
Main deck
Cellar deck
Sea level Conductor
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7

• Rig up
• Run and set surface casing
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8

• Rig up
• Cement casing
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9

• Rig up
• Cement casing
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• Rig up
• Cement casing
• Drill intermediate holes
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• Rig up
• Cement casing
• Run and set intermediate casing
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• Rig up
• Cement casing
• Cement casing
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• Rig up
• Cement casing
• Cement casing
• Drill production holes
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• Rig up
• Cement casing
• Cement casing
• Run and set production casing
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15

• Rig up
• Cement casing
• Cement casing
• Cement casing
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16

• Rig up
• Cement casing
• Cement casing
• Cement casing
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17

• Rig up
• Cement casing
• Cement casing
• Cement casing
• Run and set liner
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18

• Rig up
• Cement casing
• Cement casing
• Cement casing
• Run and set liner
• Cement liner
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Hole Size & Casing Scheme
Hole Size Casing Size

There are various casing
schemes depending on Pile 26” conductor
drilling, completion and
reservoir considerations e.g. 20 1/4” 18 5/8”
17 1/2” 13 3/8”
12 1/4” 9 5/8”
8 1/2” 7”
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21 -
What is well completion ?
What is the objective of well completion ?
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What is the objective of well completion ?
• To provide communication between

reservoir and the surface
• With subsurface and surface flow
control mechanisms
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23
Why well completion is so important ?
 To effectively drain out the reservoir fluids to the surface -

increase productivity and recovery
 To provide subsurface and surface flow control

 Increase asset value through cost optimisation - well
completion cost represents one of the major contributor to total
wells expenditure in field development
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24
Well Completion -
Communicate Reservoir
to Surface
reservoir reservoir
reservoir reservoir
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25
Typical Well Completion Sequences
Well Completion -
Completion Fluid (<30NTU)

Clean Out
Communicate Reservoir to Surface Assembly

• Well clean out Bit and
Scraper
+
Cleanout
Fluid
reservoir reservoir
reservoir reservoir
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26
Well Completion - Perforating

Communicate Reservoir to Surface gun
Assembly

• Well cleanout
• Perforate
• Kill well
• (Sand exclusion - if required)
reservoir reservoir
reservoir reservoir
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27
Well Completion -
Communicate Reservoir to Surface

• Well cleanout
• Perforate
• Kill well
• Run and set completion string
reservoir reservoir
reservoir reservoir
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28
Well Completion -

• Well cleanout
• Perforate
• Kill well
• Install X-mas tree
Depth reference - THF
well
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29
Well Completion -

• Well cleanout
• Perforate
• Kill well
To
Production
• Install X-mas tree system
• Tie-in well
well
Production
header
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30
Well Completion -

• Well cleanout
• Perforate
• Kill well
• Install X-mas tree
• Tie-in well reservoir reservoir
• Unload and produce well
• Handover to production
reservoir reservoir
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31
Typical Well Completion
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32
Tubing Size
Tubing size ranges from 2 3/8”
2 7/8”
3 1/2”
4”
4 1/2”
5 1/2”
7”
To as large as 9 5/8”
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33
What can happen if completion not
optimal ?
 Low rate due to restriction
 in the reservoir - near wellbore (skin)
 in the completion tubing
 Early water or gas breakthrough
 Faster production decline
 Equipment failure e.g. surface choke cut
 Frequent shutdown e.g. sand in separator
COST REVENUE
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34
Types of Well Completion
and Equipment
35 -
Primary Completion Equipment
• Surface Equipment
• Subsurface Equipment
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36
Surface Equipment
• Xmas-Tree and
accessories
 Master Valve (Lower and
Upper)
 Wing Valve
 Swab Valve
• Tubing Hanger
 To hang production tubing
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37
Subsurface (Downhole Equipment)
• Tubing
• Packers
• Subsurface Safety System
• Subsurface Flow Control
• Subsurface Artificial Lift System
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38
Typical Completion Equipment
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Perforation
• Perforating is the way to make a
communication between wellbore
and reservoir through perforation
channels after it was cased and
cemented.
• Perforations are the fluid flow

channels whereby fluid leave to
flow up the completion tubulars.
• Three things are most important

in perforating;
 Perforating technique
 Type of perforating
 Perforating Geometry
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Various types of well completion

• single
• selective single
• dual
• gravelpack
• monobore
• horizontal
• multilateral
• slim well
• twin well
• triple well
• Y block completion
• smart/intelligent well
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Open Hole Cased Hole
Methods of Well
Completion
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Injector
Oil Producer Gas Producer (water/gas)
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Open Hole Open Hole Open Hole
Barefoot Pre-perforated liner Gravelpack
Open Hole
Completion
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Open Hole Horizontal Completion with Gravel Pack
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Cased Hole Cased Hole
Conventional Gravelpack
Cased Hole
Completion
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46
Single Selective Single
Single
Conventional
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47
Selective
Single Single
Gravelpack Gravelpack
Single
Gravelpack
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48
Single Selective Multizone Gravel Pack
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49
Dual Conventional
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50
Dual
Gravelpack
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51
Dual Conventional
4 zones
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52
Dual Gravelpack Combination
4 zones gravelpack/
conventional
4 zones
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53
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54
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55
Work Over Operation
56 -
Work Over Operation
Rigless
• Slickline / Wireline
• Coiled Tubing
With Rig
Conventional Rig (Jack Up, Swamp Barge, or Tender Assisted Rig)
• Hydraulic Work Over Unit (HWU) or Snubbing Unit
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57
Work Over / Intervention Operation
Well Intervention Job means any works
done in a well has been produced or being
produced in order to improve well
productivity.
Acidizing
Remove near wellbore damage or wash any
scale from perforation, tubing and casing.
Hydraulic Fracturing
Increase well conductivity by opening channels
distances from wellbore and bypass formation
damages.
E-line Perforating
To increase well productivity by perforating or
re-perforating thru tubing.
Slickline Services
Shifting zones, Gas lift changeouts, Zone
58
- isolations, Pressure survey, Caliper, etc.
The People : Completion Engineer
59 -
Who’s Completion Engineer
Drilling,
Completion &
Workover
Department
Well Intervention
Drilling Team Completion Team Logistic Team
Team
Drilling Operation Drilling Completion Wlell Intervention

(Superintendent, Engineering Engineering Completion Material
Engineer
Supervisor) Team Team Supervisor Coordinator
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60
Must have Bachelor Degree in Petroleum, Chemical & Mechanical
Engineering.
Your responsibilities will include:

1. Modeling completion performance.
2. Performing stimulation technologies (for example, acidizing, fracturing, water shutoff) based on well and
reservoir diagnostics.
3. Designing and installing sand control applications (for example, gravel packing, frac packing,
consolidation).
4. Optimizing completion and workover designs and operations.
5. Designing horizontal and multilateral wells.
6. Determining primary and remedial cementing procedures along with the design and installation of tubulars,
packers, subsurface control and surveillance equipment.
7. Evaluating and selecting appropriate equipment to achieve completion objectives.
8. Designing through tubing and concentric workovers and intelligent completions.
9. Preparing cost estimates and assessing risk in terms of probability and potential remedies.
10. Supervising completion and workover operations.

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Geologist Reservoir
Engineer
Production
Drilling Team
Team
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Who want to be Completion Engineer ?
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Quiz
64 -
Quiz
1. When does a well completion operation start ?
a) After drilling operation
b) Before well production
c) a) and b)
2. Which casing sequences from bigger to smaller?

a) Conductor, production, intermediate
b) Conductor, surface, intermediate, production
c) Conductor, intermediate, surface, production
3. What completion equipment is used to isolate between

production zones?
a) Safety Valve
b) Packers
c) Tree
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65
Quiz
4. What completion equipment must be installed for safety in the
event an offshore platform is damaged or destroyed?
a) Subsurface Safety Valve
b) Subsurface artificial lift system
c) Downhole gauges
5. Please tell me 3 types of well completion that you know ?
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THANK YOU
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Kuliah Umum UGM 15 Mar 2014

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Basic Well Completion

Yogyakarta, 15 March 2014

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

depth reference Sea level Conductor

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Drilling Operations - Making Holes

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Hole Size Casing Size

What is well completion ?

What is the objective of well completion ?

What is the objective of well completion ?

• To provide communication between

Why well completion is so important ?

 To effectively drain out the reservoir fluids to the surface -

 To provide subsurface and surface flow control

Completion Fluid (<30NTU)

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Well Completion - Perforating

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Typical Sequence of Operations :

Tubing size ranges from 2 3/8”

• Subsurface Safety System

• Subsurface Flow Control

• Subsurface Artificial Lift System

• Perforations are the fluid flow

• Three things are most important

Various types of well completion

Single Selective Single

Conventional Rig (Jack Up, Swamp Barge, or Tender Assisted Rig)

• Hydraulic Work Over Unit (HWU) or Snubbing Unit

Drilling Operation Drilling Completion Wlell Intervention

Your responsibilities will include:

4. Optimizing completion and workover designs and operations.

5. Designing horizontal and multilateral wells.

7. Evaluating and selecting appropriate equipment to achieve completion objectives.