ACTIVITY TIME

ACTIVITY
Read the list of words or phrase.
Decide which two name general
categories, then put the rest of the
words and phrases in the correct
category.
OUTLINING
OUTLINING
• a good way to create a visual picture of
what you have read
• we record the writer’s organization
OUTLINE
• a tool for organizing ideas
• a writer lists down all ideas relevant to
the topic, sorts them all into major and
minor ones, and creates an outline out of
them.
EXAMPLE:
I. FOODS I. ANIMALS
A. Meats A. Insects
– Pork chop • Mosquito
– Hamburger • Beetle
B. Vegetables B. Birds
– Broccoli • Hawk
– Corn on the cob • Robin
WHY DO WE OUTLINE?
• Overview of the topic and enables us to see
how various subtopics relate to one another.
• Record information in our own words to
test our understanding of what we read.
• Effective way to record needed information
from reference books you do not own.
I. First Major Idea
HOW TO MAKE
A. First Supporting Detail
AN OUTLINE?
1. Detail
2. Detail
B. Second Supporting Detail
1. Detail
a. Minor Detail or Example
b. Minor Detail or Example
II. Supporting Major Idea
A. First Supporting Detail

PAPER TITLE
Thesis:
I. First Topic Sentence
A. First Supporting Detail
1. Textual Evidence 1
2. Textual Evidence 2
B. Second Supporting Detail
1. Textual Evidence 1
II. Supporting Major Idea
Use the great thesis you
developed earlier
The first topic sentence is
based on your first group of
noted
Put any supporting ideas or
claims here
Use textual support to back
up each of your claims. This
support should either be
paraphrased or directly
quoted
 TWO SYSTEMS OF OUTLINING
ALPHANUMERIC OUTLINE DECIMAL OUTLINE
I.
A. 1.
B. 1.1
C.
II. 1.2
A. 1.3
1. 2.
a.
b. 2.1
B. 2.2
1.
2. 2.2.1
a. 2.2.2
b.
III. 3.
A. 3.1
B. 3.2
C.
3.3
 FOUR PRINCIPLE IN
OUTLINING
• Coordination
• Subordination
• Division
• Parallel Construction
 COORDINATION
• Require ideas of the same relevance to
be labeled in the same way.
• All the information contained in
heading 1 should have the same
significance as the information
contained in heading 2.
 SUBORDINATION

• Show that minor

details have to be
placed under their
respective major
details.
 DIVISION

• Requires that no
cluster should contain
only one item.
 PARALLEL
CONSTRUCTION
• Require all entries in
each cluster to use the
same structure and
format
 KINDS OF OUTLINE ACCORDING TO
STRUCTURE
1. TOPIC OUTLINE
• uses words and phrases as its
entries.
• Uses if the ideas being discussed can
be arranged in a number of ways.
I. Positive Effects of Uniform Policy
A. Promotes School Identity
B. Improves School Security
II. Negative Effects of Uniform Policy
A. Inhibits Learning
B. Curtails Individuality
 KINDS OF OUTLINE ACCORDING TO
STRUCTURE
2. SENTENCE OUTLINE
• uses complete sentences
• Use when the topic being discussed is
complicated and requires details
I. Students should not be mandated to wear uniforms because wearing a uniform does not
improve behavior nor does it facilitate learning.
II. Wearing a uniform does not improve behavior.
A. Van der Laan confirms that wearing a uniform does not have direct positive impact on
behavior.
B. Dr. Wallin confirms that the perceived positive impact of uniforms on students’ behavior
is just a halo effect.
III. Wearing a uniform does not facilitate learning.
A. A study by Seamon (1995) shows that there is a weak connection between academic
performance and uniform policy.
B. Dr. Badger (2008) claims that a standardized uniform policy does not improve school
performance.
C. Dr. Brunsma (2006) confirms that there is no positive correlation between wearing a
uniform and academic achievement.
IV. On top of being insensitive to the individuality of students, implementing a uniform policy
does not have useful advantages as well, as it does not present sufficient evidence that links
it to positive influence on students’ behavior and academic
POINTS OF CONTRAST TOPIC OUTLINE SENTENCE OUTLINE

ENTRIES Words, Phrases, Clauses Sentences

NUMBER OF LEVELS Four to Six Two to Four

Periods mark the end of

MECHANICS No Periods at Ends of Entries
Entries

Used for Long or Short

APPLICATION Used for Short Compositions
Compositions

Parallelism of Words, Phrases

Parallelism of Coordinate
PARELLELISM or Clauses of Coordinate
Sentences
Heads
 SUGGESTIONS FOR USING THE
OUTLINE FORMAT
• Do not be overly concerned with the format. As long
as it shows organization of ideas, it will work for
you.
• Do not write too much.
• Be sure that all information underneath a heading
supports that heading.
• Every heading that is in the same left-right position
on the page should be of equal importance.
QUIZ