BIO-WASTE MANAGEMENT

USING BIOGAS

Presented by Guided by,

Abhijith C.V 01 Aparna. P
Ashwin Saseendran 19 Assistant Professor
CE Dept.
Sivamanikandan M 57
GCEK
Aabid Hussain Bhatt 74
S5 CE
GCEK
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 OUTLINE

• Introduction

• Objectives

• Methodology

• Vermicompost

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 INTRODUCTION
• Bio waste treatment is an important issue and needs efficient treatment.

• Bio gas is a complex mix of different gases created by the action of micro

organisms in a bio gas plants.

• Bio gas is approximately 40-60% of methane.

• Bio gases are the result of three processes :

Evaporation of volatile organic compounds

Chemical reactions between waste components. (Source:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogas#/media/File:Biogas_plant.svg)

Microbial action, especially methanogenesis.

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 INTRODUCTION

• A biogas plant is an anaerobic digester that treats farm wastes or energy crops

• Micro-organisms transform biomass waste into biogas (mainly methane and

carbon dioxide) and slurry

• The slurry produced can be enhanced for use as compost using vermiculture.

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 OBJECTIVES

• Waste can serve as a source of renewable energy.

• Bio gases are one type of waste based energy.

• Currently waste from canteen is managed outside the institution.

• We can use the same energy in our institution.

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 OBJECTIVES

• Bio gas can be used instead of LPG or electricity in the canteen.

• During the digestion process, gaseous nitrogen (N) is converted to ammonia

(NH3).

• Thus slurry from bio gas plants can be turned into manure after treatment.

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 METHODOLOGY
• The Biogas is a brick and cement structure having the following five sections:

• Mixing tank present above the ground level.

• Inlet chamber: The mixing tank opens underground into a sloping inlet chamber.

• Digester: The inlet chamber opens from below into the digester which is a huge tank with
a Dome like ceiling. The ceiling of the digester has an outlet with a valve for a supply of
biogas.

• Outlet chamber: The digester opens from below into an outlet chamber.

• Overflow tank: The outlet chamber opens from the top into a small overflow tank.
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 METHODOLOGY

• Anaerobic digestion processes

• psychrophilic digestion (10-20 °C, retention time over 100 days),

• mesophilic digestion (20-35 °C, retention time over 20 days),

• thermophilic digestion (50-60 °C, retention time over 8 days) , not in small
scale bio plants.

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 METHODOLOGY

• Total monthly bio-waste quantity from the canteen is 1000-1200 kg.

• Estimated size of the BIO gas plant as per waste produced is 9m x 9m x 3m (inner
dimensions).
• Optimum temp at 36 C°
• Vermiculture can be used further enhance the slurry produced for use as compost.

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 METHODOLOGY

• Digester type of Bioreactor is designed.

• Dimensions are 5m depth and 4m dia.

• As the diameter is large partition wall is designed.

4m dia

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 VERMICOMPOST

• Used for medium-scale on-site institutional organic material recycling

• e.g. food scraps from universities and shopping malls

• It is a composting process using various species of worms,, to create a mixture of

decomposing vegetable or food waste, bedding materials, and vermicast.

• Enhances the slurry produced for use as compost

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