TRAINING REPORT IN INDIAN RAILWAY

BY-SAWAN UPADHYAY
16JE001907
th
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 7 SEM
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I am very much thankful to the concerning officers

and staff of INDIAN RAILWAY GORAKHPUR for their
valuable guidance and advice, without their help I
would never have completed my training
INTRODUCTION

 Indian Railway is theworld’s fourth largest commercial, by

number of employees with over million employees. Railways
were first introduced in India in 1853. Indian Railways
operates both long distance and suburban rail system on a
multi-gauge network of board meter and
narrow gauges.
 Form 20th Dec 2010, the railways had developed a 5 digit numbering system. This
need is required because IR RUNS 10,000 trainsdaily
GORAKHPURCANTTSUBSTATION
The 2 x 25KV autotransformer system may be
used on 25 kv lines to reduce energy losses. It
should not be confused with the 50 kv system.
The voltage between the overhead line(3) and
the feeder line (5) is 50 kv but the voltage
between the overhead line (3) and the running
rails (4) remains at 25 kv and this is the voltage
supplied to the train. This system is used by
Indian Railways
FEEDER
 The feeders that receives the power form CESC, and
the power is step down with the help of step down
transformer and then supplied to various colonies,
piller box, etc. This process is shown with the help of
above connection diagram .
 6kv from CESC goes to HT ocb 400A with the hwlp of
HT busbar 400A is divided into two 200A and sent to
two transformer each of 250 kva then sent to various
parts.
 OIL TYPETRANSFORMER
Transformer oil or insulating oil is usually a highly-refinedmineral oil that is stable
at high temp and has excellent It is used in oil-
electrical insulating properties.
filled transformers, circuit breakers. Its function are to Insulate, suppress corona
and arcing, and to serve as a coolant.
The oil helps cool the transformer because it also provides part if the electrical
insulation between internal live parts, transformer oil must remain stable at high
temp for an external radiation through which the oil circulates by natural
convection.

The flash point(min) and pour point(max) are 140 c to -6 c respectively. The
dielectric strength of new untreated oil is MV/m (RMS)and after treatment it
should be>24 MV/m (RMS)
Testing and oil quality
Transformer oils are subjects to electrical and mechanical stresses while a transformer is
in operation. In addition there is contamination caused by chemical interaction with
windings and other solid insulation, catalysed by high operating temp. As a result the
original chemical properties of transformer oil change gradually, rendering it ineffective
for its intended purpose after many years. Hence this oil has to be periodically tested to
ascertain its basic electrical properties,
These tests can be divided into
1. Dissolved gas analysis
2. Furan analysis
3. PCB analysis
4. General electrical and physical tests:-
colour and appearance
Breakdown Voltage
Water content
 TRACTION

In Overhead Electrification System, the supply of electricity is through an

overhead system of suspended cables known as the catenary.

The loco uses a Pantograph, to make contact with the overheat contact
cable and draw electricity from it to power its motors.
The return path for the electricity is through the body of
the loco and the wheels to the tracks, which are electrically
grounded.

Conductivity may be reduced in cases of dirt and debris on

the rails.
 There are 2 types of Electrification system in
Indian railways-

 DC System: In DC system with overhead catenary, the basic principle is the

same, with the catenary being supplied electricity at 1.5kv DC. The current
from the catenary goes directly to the motor OR convert the DC supply to
AC internally using inverters or a motor-generator combination which then
drives AC motors.
 Single system(AC): The overhead catenary is fed electricity at 25kv
AC(single-phase) from feeding posts which are positioned at frequent
intervals alongside the track.
 A Remote Control Centre, has facilities for controlling the power supply to
different sections of the catenaries fed by several substations in the area.
 VOLTAGE USED FOR ELECTRICTRACTIONIN
INDIA

 Voltages used are 1.5kv DC and 25kv AC for mainline trains.

 The 1.5kv DC overhead system is used around Bombay.
 The Calcutta metro uses 750V DC traction with a third-rail
mechanism for delivering the electricity to the EMUs.
 The Calcutta trams use 55V DC with an overhead catenary
system with underground return conductors.
 Delhi metro uses 25KV AC overhead traction.
NO LOAD TESTING SCHEDULE OF A ASSEMBLED

TRACTION MOTOR
 The motor is run at 1500 rpm, if running is smooth the motor is run for 30 min.
 The rotation of the motor is changed and run at 1500 rpm for another 30 min.
Steady state temp rise, should motor exceed 35 degree centi.
 The speed is increased to 2000 rpm and run up to 15min.
 The speed is increased to about 2725 rpm.
Temp rise in the zone should not exceed 50 to 60 degree centi.
 APPARATUSUSED

 PANTOGRAPH
 MAIN TRANSFORMER
 RECTIFIER
 REVERSER
 CLR
 WINDING CHANGE-OVER SWITCH
 BATTERY & BATTERY CHARGER
 PROTECTION CIRCUIT AND RELAY
 SWITCH GROUP 1& 2
 DISC JUNCTION
CURRENT MAIN TRANSFORMER
PANTOGRAPH
TRANSFORMER

TAP CHANGER
SMOOTHING RECTIFIER
REACTOR

ADDITIONAL
SMOOTHING REVERSER MOTOR
REACTOR

BLOCK DIAGRAM