Basic Concepts in

Disaster Management
 CONTENTS

Concept of Disaster Management

Aims and Objectives

01
Concepts of Disaster
Management :
 Disaster management (or
emergency management) is
the
effort of communities or
businesses to plan for and
coordinate all
personnel and materials
required to either mitigate the
effects of,
or recover from, natural or
man-made disasters, or acts
of
terrorism.
 According to United Nations,
The Red Cross and Red Crescent
"a disaster is a serious
societies define disaster
Society. It involves disruption
management as "the organisation and
of the functioning of a community
management of resources
widespread human, material,
and responsibilities for dealing with all
economic
humanitarian aspects of
or environmental impacts,
emergencies, in particular
which exceed the ability of the
preparedness, response and recovery in
affected community or society to
order to lessen the impact of disasters."
or a
cope using its own resources."
Disasters can interrupt essential services, such as
health care, electricity, water, sewage/garbage
removal, transportation and seriously affect the
health, social and communications which can
economic networks of local communities and
countries. Disasters major and long-lasting impact
on people long after the have a immediate effect has
been mitigated.
 Local, regional, national and international
organisations are all involved in mounting a
humanitarian response to disasters. Each will
have a prepared disaster management plan.
These plans cover the following:

(i) Disaster prevention - These activities are designed to provide permanent

protection from disasters.
(ii) Disaster preparedness - These activities are designed to minimise loss of life
and
damage.
(iii) Disaster relief - This is a coordinated multi-agency response to reduce the impact of
a disaster and its long-term results.
(iv) Disaster recovery - Once emergency needs have been met and the initial crisis is
over, the people affected and the communities that support them are still vulnerable.
(a) The comprehensive approach :
Emergency management arrangements and programmes need to be able
to deal with the wide variety and scale of hazards that may affect
communities, whether these originate from natural, technological,
biological or social agents or result from an interaction between agents in
any of these fields.
These all hazards arrangements and programmes must also provide for
the performance of humanitarian tasks, which may be required to protect
our civil population from the dangers that might arise from hostilities, to
provide the conditions necessary for individual and community survival in
such circumstances, and to help the community recover from the
 These humanitarian or civil defence tasks are prescribed in the
1977 Protocols Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 1949,
when a hazard, a source of risk, has the potential to affect a
impact, so that any type community. The community that is
vulnerable to such an of hazard is essentially a source of risk to
such a elements at risk from possible hazard impact in a
community will include the lives and property of its citizens,
infrastructure and essential services, the local economy and the
environment.
02
Aims and
Objectives :
Disaster management has four main phases
(i) Prevention, (ii) Preparation, (iii) Relief and (iv) Recovery. Each of these
phases have different aims and objectives; and they may overlap
depending on the nature of the disaster.However, the overall objectives
are similar. The aim of any disaster management programme is to reduce
the impact of a disaster on human life and property.
After a disaster, victims face the after effects and the changed
circumstances in their lives. The purpose of recovery is to reduce the
risks that come after a disaster and to restore communities.
Depending on the scope of the disaster, recovery may take months or
years.
 Following is a list of Aims and Objectives:
●To engage in activities which may help in minimizing the
damages caused by disasters specially in rural areas.
●To make endeavors towards creating awareness among the
people about disasters and its consequences and to prepare them
in advance to face such situations and to ensure their participation
in the disaster mitigation plans.
●Existing institutional arrangements, interdepartmental linkages,
role of NGO’s, voluntary agencies and local communities so as to
understand their capabilities to mitigate specific disasters which
will also facilitate effective coordination in their activities in times of
need.
●To act as an agency for the execution of disaster
management schemes of the Government and the NGOs.
●To undertake studies which will facilitate in the preparation of
rural development schemes and their effective
implementation.
●To collect, compile and publish detailed information on the
latest rural development policies and projects of the State
Government and The Government of India and to engage in
activities in the light of the thrust areas of Planning
Commission such as food processing, horticulture, sericulture
and service sectors etc.
●Any financial incumbency, socially and economically deprived
rural and urban women through literacy, education, self income
generation schemes, professional training and overall awareness
building.
●To undertake studies on a regular basis to procure Disaster
Management Information – Data base and to engage in the task
of risk assessment and vulnerability analysis both for the state
and districts.
●To evolve information reporting and monitoring tools for
preparedness, immediate response and damage assessment,
keeping in view the socioeconomic conditions of urban and rural
areas.
●To undertake studies with a view to facilitating the preparation of a
comprehensive ‘Disaster Management Plan’ both for the state and
the districts within the state so as to help the Government in
providing uniform directives from the state government to the district
administration and to establish standardized response to any
disaster situation.
●To engage in activities directed towards spreading literacy among
minorities, dalits, most backward classes, tribal and economically
deprived communities and to ensure community participation and
income oriented generation of literacy and professional skills.
●Children specially those who are the victims of floods, droughts,
earthquake and similar other disasters in rural and urban areas.
●To make efforts for the identification and elimination of
child labor and to restore children’s rights. For this
Centre intends to provide economic incentive to the
deserving children in school going category and to
actively campaign for the removal of socio-cultural
constraints in the community.
●To establish educational & training institutions for
educating communities in the areas of “Disaster
Management” and “Rural Development”.
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-PRESENTED BY SAGAR