TYPES OF

VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS
This is the least violent type,
with highly fluid or runny lava
flowing out several vents.
HAWAIIAN VULCANIAN
STROMBOLIAN
PLINIAN
The 1969 eruption at Kilauea
Volcano in Hawaii
 Hawaiian
• least violent type
• with highly fluid or runny lava
flowing out
• fluid basaltic magma is thrown
into the air
 Hawaiian
• Hawaiian eruptions get their
names from the Kilauea
volcano on the Big Island of
Hawaii.
This is a violent eruption,
featuring continuous ejection
of magma and gas.
HAWAIIAN VULCANIAN
STROMBOLIAN
PLINIAN
Taken from the summit of
volcano in Sicily, Italy
 Strombolian
• short bursts of glowing lava
• featuring continuous ejection of
magma and gas
• named after the Stromboli
volcano in Sicily, Italy
• Fire fountain
In this type of eruption, a thick
and viscous magma flows
around the vent as solid lava
and dust are ejected.
HAWAIIAN VULCANIAN
STROMBOLIAN
PLINIAN
Eruption of the Santiaguito volcano in
Guatemala
 Vulcanian
• solid lava and dust are ejected
during the eruption
• small to moderate explosive
eruptions with thick, viscous
magma flowing
 Vulcanian
•named for the Italian
island of Vulcano, where
a small volcano
experienced this type of
eruption.
The most violent and explosive type
of eruption which is caused by the
buildup of viscous magma and
dissolved gas.

HAWAIIAN VULCANIAN
STROMBOLIAN
PLINIAN
St. Helens in Washington State eruption
in 1980
 Plinian
• most violent and explosive type
• caused by the build up of
viscous magma and dissolved
gas
• accompanied by fast-flowing
pyroclastic debris and lahars
 Plinian
• The eruption columns are usually
shaped like a mushroom (similar to a
nuclear explosion). Pliny the
Younger, a Roman historian, made
the comparison while viewing the 79
AD eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
Plinian eruptions are named after
him.
HAZARDS
POST BY
VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS
It is a hot burst of
trapped gases.
BLAST LAHAR
BLASTS OF MOUNT ST. HELENS
This refers to a mound
of lava that grows
inside the crater.
DOME GROWTH LAHAR
These are series of sea
waves caused by large
volume of water due to
volcanic eruption.

TORNADOS TSUNAMIS
This refers to the
molten rocks that move
down the slope of
volcanic vents.
LAVA PYROCLASTIC
FLOW FLOW
LAVA FLOW OF MT. KILAUAE
These may consist of
combinations of pumice, scoria,
thick rock, fragments, and
crystals.

PYROCLASTIC TEPHRA
SURGES FALLS
This refers to glowing hot
material that moves down the
slope of an erupting volcano
and comes in contact with the
surface.

LAVA PYROCLASTIC
FLOW FLOW
 This is a volcanic material of
gases, ash, rock, fragments and
water extruded above the
ground.

PYROCLASTIC PYROCLASTIC
SURGE FLOW
PYROCLASTIC SURGE: turbulent
(tumbling) flow of hot gas and
particles

PYROCLASTIC FLOW:
laminar (sliding) flow