Science 9

Quarter 3-Module 1
Learning Objectives

Differentiate active from inactive volcanoes

Describe the different types of volcanoes and
volcanic eruption
This are natural opening in the earth’s
crust where molten rocks, smoke,
gases, and ashes are ejected
This are natural opening in the earth’s
crust where molten rocks, smoke,
gases, and ashes are ejected
It is a funnel-shaped depression at the
top of a volcano formed as a result of
explosive eruption
It is a funnel-shaped depression at the
top of a volcano formed as a result of
explosive eruption
It is a volcanic crater that is formed
when a part of the wall of the crater
collapses following an explosive
eruption
It is a volcanic crater that is formed
when a part of the wall of the crater
collapses following an explosive
eruption
Molten rocks inside the earth
Molten rocks inside the earth
Magma that has been ejected
out of a volcano
Magma that has been ejected
out of a volcano
The central opening through
which the magma is expelled
during eruption
The central opening through
which the magma is expelled
during eruption
 The reservoir beneath the
Earth’s surface where molten
rock is stored
 The reservoir beneath the
Earth’s surface where molten
rock is stored
TAAL VOLCANO
The Ring of Fire (also known as the Pacific Ring of Fire) is a tectonic belt of
volcanoes and earthquakes.
It is about 40,000 km (25,000 mi) long[ and up to about 500 km (310 mi) wide, and
surrounds most of the Pacific Ocean.
The Ring of Fire contains between 750 and 915 active or dormant volcanoes, around
two-thirds of the world total.The exact number of volcanoes within the Ring of Fire
depends on which regions are included.
About 90% of the world's earthquakes,including most of its largest occur within the
belt.
Types of Volcanoes According to its
Structure
 Cinder Cone Volcano
 Composite Cone or Stratovolcano
 Shield Volcano
Descriptions:
Simplest and smallest type of Taal volcano is a small
volcanoes volcano located on an island
Steep slope in Batangas, Philippines. It is
Wide crater known for its cinder cone
Formed by the accumulation of
shape and has a bowl-shaped
volcanic fragments such as cinders
(ash, solidified lava) crater at the summit
Most abundant type of volcano
Descriptions:
Large, nearly perfect slope
Formed from alternate
solidification of both lava and
pyroclastic deposits
Larger than cinder cones
Can erupt with great violence

Mayon volcano is located in

the province of Albay in Bicol,
Philippines. It is known for its
iconic perfect cone shape and
is considered one of the most
active volcanoes in the country
Descriptions:
Broad, slightly dome structure
Resembles warrior’s shield
Formed by the accumulation of
lava that oozes out from the volcano
Wide base
Eruption is not generally explosive

Mount Kanlaon is an example

of a volcano with shield shape.
It is located in the province of
Negros Occidental in the
Philippines. It has a broad and
gently slope, resembling the
shape of a shield.
 Types of Volcanoes in Terms of
Volcanic Activity

Active Volcano
Dormant Volcano
Extinct/Inactive Volcano
 Types of Volcanoes in Terms of
Volcanic Activity
Active Volcano
Description:
These are volcanoes that are currently erupting
or expected to erupt in the future.
Have a record of eruption within the last 600
years or those that erupted 10,000 years ago
based on analyses of their materials
 Some Active Volcanoes in the Philippines

Mayon Volcano Taal Volcano

Last eruption: 2018 Last eruption: 2022

Mount Pinatubo Mount Bulusan

Last eruption: 1991 Last eruption: 2022
 Types of Volcanoes in Terms of
Volcanic Activity

Dormant Volcanoes
Description:
These are volcanoes that are not currently
erupting but have erupted within recordable
history and are expected to erupt again in the
future.
Dormant Volcano in the Philippines

Last eruption: 1454

 Types of Volcanoes in Terms of
Volcanic Activity

Extinct/ Inactive Volcanoes

Description:
These are volcanoes that are considered dead
and are not expected to erupt in the future.

Volcanoes that have not erupted for the last

10,000 years.
Some Inactive Volcanoes in the Philippines

 Mount Cabaluyan in Manaatarem, Pangasinan

 Mount Balungao in Pangasinan
 Mount Bagacay in Camarines Norte
 Mount Condong in Pangasinan
 Mount Cuyapo in Nueva Ecija
 Mount Balikabok in Zambales
 Mount Banahao de Lucban in Quezon
 Types of Volcanoes According to their
Style or Type of Eruption

 Phreatic or Hydrothermal
 Phreatomagmatic
 Strombolian
 Vulcanian
 Plinian
 Types of Volcanoes According to their
Style or Type of Eruption

Phreatic or Hydrothermal
A stream-driven eruption as the hot rocks
come in contact with water.

Short-lived, characterized by ash columns

but may be an onset of a large eruption
 Types of Volcanoes According to their
Style or Type of Eruption

Phreatomagmatic
A violent eruption due to contact between
water and magma

A large column of a very fine ash and high

speed and sideway emission of pyroclastics
called base surges are observed
 Types of Volcanoes According to their
Style or Type of Eruption

Strombolian
A periodic weak to violent eruption
characterized by fountain lava

The explosions are usually accompanied by

loud booming sounds
 Types of Volcanoes According to their
Style or Type of Eruption

Vulcanian
Characterized by tall eruption columns that
reached up to 20 km high with pyroclastic
flow and ashfall tephra
Explosive and violent eruption
Can produce mushroom-shaped ash clouds
and pyroclastic flows
 Types of Volcanoes According to their
Style or Type of Eruption

Plinian
The most explosive and dangerous type of
eruption.
Involve the eruption of vast amounts of ash,
and gas into the atmosphere, forming
towering eruption columns.
Can cause widespread devastation and have
a significant impact on the environment.
 ASSESSMENT
1. Which type of volcanoes have broad bases and
steep sides, usually have a large crater at the top
and are formed by alternating layers of magma
and ash?
A. Cinder cones
B. Shield volcanoes
C. Composite volcanoes
D. Calderas
 ASSESSMENT

2. Which best describe a dormant volcano?

A. a volcano that is presently not erupting and
that is unlikely to do so for a very long time in
the future
B. it is currently erupting or shows signs of
unrest activities
C. not presently erupting but has erupted in the
past and is likely to erupt again in the future
D. also called sleeping volcano because it is
presently inactive but could erupt again
 ASSESSMENT

3. Which type of volcano is characterized by tall

eruption columns that reached up to 20 km
high with pyroclastic flow and ash fall?
A. Phreatic
B. Plinian
C. Strombolian
D. Vulcanian
 ASSESSMENT

4. Which of the following type of volcano is

characterized by a periodic weak to violent
eruption?
A. Phreatic
B. Plinian
C. Strombolian
D. Vulcanian
 ASSESSMENT

5. What type of eruption is stream-driven as the

hot rocks come in contact with water?
A. Phreatic
B. Plinian
C. Strombolian
D. Vulcanian
 ASSESSMENT

6. What are the three (3) types of volcanoes

according to structure?
 ASSESSMENT

7. How are volcanoes classified based

on their activity?
 ASSESSMENT

8. What are the different types of

volcanic eruption?