PROJECT PLANNING &

MANAGEMENT
CE 407, CH = 2
PREPARED BY
ENGR. ZIA UR RAHMAN

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 LECTURE-05
NETWORK PLANNING
TECHNIQUES

2
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INTRODUCTION

•It is one of the powerful project

management techniques.
•A variety of titles have been given to this
technique, like
•PNT (Project Network Techniques)
•CPA (Critical Path analysis)
•CPM (Critical Path Method

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INTRODUCTION

•AOA (Activity on Arrow)

•AON (Activity on node)
•APDM (Activity Precedence diagram)
•PERT (Program Evaluation and Review
Technique)
•GERT (Graphical Evaluation and
Review Technique)
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 INTRODUCTION

• PEP (Project Evaluation Procedure)

• LCES (Least Cost Estimating and Scheduling)

• Network planning identifies the critical

activities that needs special attention for its
control because the completion of the project
on its due date depends upon these activities.

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Variance =(( b-a)/6)2 Project Variance

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 DUMMY ACTIVITY

• It is a simulated activity with zero duration

• It is created solely for the purpose of demonstrating
a specific relationship and path of action on the
network diagram.
•EXAMPLE: E and F are the two ending
activities in aproject and C precedes E while
D precedes F. at the same time B is the
predecessor of both E and F.

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 DUMMY ACTIVITY

C E

F
D

B
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 DUMMY ACTIVITY

C E

F
D

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 MILESTONE

• They are tools used in project management to mark

specific points along a project timeline.
• These points may signal the project start and end
dates/need for external review/input and budget
checks.
• They have got no impact on the duration of the
projects

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 FLOAT

• The amount of time an activity can bedelayed

without affecting the overall duration of the
project.
• Critical path activities by default posses no
flot.
• The manager responsible for critical activity
must ensure that it is done within the allotted
time unless it will cause a delay in the
completion of the project.

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 TOTAL FLOAT/SLACK
• The maximum time which is available to
complete an activity Without affecting the
duration of the entire project.
• Knowing the amount of total float enables the
manager to reschedule the activity for efficient
utilization of resources and cope with the risks
like illness, machinery breakdown, departmental
overload.
Total Float = LF – LS or EF - ES

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 FREE FLOAT

•It is the amount of time that allows an activity

to complete by some delay without affecting
the earliest start time of the succesor.
•It is totally based upon the earliest times of
the activities.
Free float=(ES)succesor – ES - duration

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 THAT’S ALL THANKS

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