SYNOPSIS PRESENTATION

on
STRENGTH AND DURABILITY EVALUATION OF PRE-CAST
CONCRETE PAVERS USING WASTE MIX METAL SLAG & PET
BOTTLES

PUNJAB TECHNICAL
UNIVERSITY
KAPURTHALA, PUNJAB
PRESENTEE
GUIDE MANOHAR SINGH
Dr. SANJEEV NAVAL ROLL NUMBER:-1267920
HEAD OF DEPARTMENT BATCH: - 2012
OF CIVIL ENGINEERING MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY
D A V I E T JALANDHAR. STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(PART TIME) DAVIET,
JALANDHAR
 CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Research Gap
4. Problem Formulation
5. Objectives
6. Material Required
7. Experimental Methodology
 INTRODUCTION
• Concrete paver blocks are ideal material on the footpaths for easy &
fast laying, better look and finish.
• Concrete paver blocks were first introduced in Holland in the
fifties as replacement of brick soling & cobbler stones.
• Interlocking paver blocks are installed over a compacted hard sub
base and leveled bed of sand.
 CONTD..
• There is a growing interest in using waste materials as alternative
aggregate materials to protect environment and reduce cost.
• Significant research is made on the use of many different waste
materials as aggregate substitutes such as coal ash, blast furnace
slag, Mix metal slag aggregate.
• Slag is a by-product generated during manufacturing of pig iron
and steel. Primarily, the Mix metal slag consists of limestone
(CaO), silica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3), magnesium oxide (MgO),
iron oxide as well as a small amount of sulfur (S),.
• On the other hand PET bottle is a major domestic waste. PET is
polyethylene terephthalate. It's a plastic resin and the most
common type of polyester.
 CONTD..
• Two monomers modified ethylene glycol and purified terephthalic
acid, are combined to form the polymer called polyethylene
terephthalate.
• It can be used as plastic fibres in concrete to improve its
properties.
• It is well known that plain concrete is brittle and weak in tension.
The major advantage of fibre reinforcement concrete is to
transform a brittle concrete into a pseudo ductile material.
• The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of
concrete paving block where Mix metal slag will be used as a
partial replacement of fine aggregate with addition of waste PET
fibres in different proportions.
• The performance will be evaluated in term of effect on
compressive strength, abrasion resistance and water absorption of
MS and PET fibre reinforced concrete.
• Waste Mix metal slag
 LITERATURE REVIEW

Fernando Pelissera [2012] studied on fibres with lengths of 10, 15

and 20 mm and volume fractions of 0.05, 0.18 and 0.30% related
to the volume of the concrete were used.

• Concluded that at a fibre volume fraction content of 0.18%, 0.30%,

and 20 mm long recycled-bottle-PET fibres increased the flexural
strength, compressive strength and impact toughness of concrete.

• However, at 150 days, this toughness improvement was no longer

present due to the embrittlement and degradation of the recycled-
bottle-PET fibres in the alkaline concrete environment.
 CONTD..
Liliana Avila Cordoba [2013], concluded in his research that
mechanical properties of the concrete depend on the PET particle
size and concentration.
• There is increase in compressive strength due to lower size fiber
particles, highest compressive strength was obtain with particle
size 0.5mm and 2.5% volume of fibres .

R.N.Nibudey [2013] Observed the optimize benefits of using PET

waste bottle in the fibre form in concrete.
• Prepared several design mixes with different percentage (0%to3%)
of waste PET plastic fibres with different aspect ratios and
observed that workability effected with use of fibres.
• The maximum value of compressive strength, split tensile strength
and flexural strength is achieved with 1% incorporation PET fibres
with aspect ratio 50 gave more strength then aspect ratio 35.
 CONTD..
Chetan Khajuria[2014]
• Observed that the early age strength gain of mix metal slag
concrete is higher as compared to later ages if 30% of fine
aggregate is replaced by iron slag.
• It was replaced 10%, 20% and 30% iron slag with the sand and
noted that after adding 10% iron slag in the mix, there was an
increase in compressive strength of 26% after 7 days, 50% increase
after 28 days and 43% increase after 56 days as compared to the
control mix.
• By adding 20% and 30% iron slag , there was large amount of
increase in percentage i.e. 68%, 91%, 78% and 125%, 113% , 87%
after 7, 28 and 56 days respectively.
 CONTD..
Sultan A. Tarawneh [2014]
• Used ratio 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% to replace fine and
coarse aggregate with mix metal slag.
• Thorough investigation of results have indicated that the amount of
increase in compressive strength at age of 7 days are much more
than that of age 28 days for all types of aggregate replacement.
• This indicates that the added slag could work as accelerator at
early age while at 28 days age, the effect is reduced. Furthermore,
the fine slag replacement showed the highest effect.

R. C. Yeole, Dr. M. B.Varma [2014]

• studied on the paving blocks using waste steel aggregates (rounded
bearings of size 6.35 mm) with Rubber pad used below the paver
blocks .
• Paver blocks cast with 30% and 40% waste rounded steel
aggregates of cement content in paver blocks give higher impact
value than paver blocks cast with 0%, 10%, 20% waste rounded
steel aggregates of cement in paver blocks.
 CONTD..
R. Padmapriya [2015]
• Investigated the usage of mix metal slag as a partial replacement of
coarse aggregate and manufactured Sand of fine aggregate respectively.
• It was Replace 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% coarse aggregate by mix metal
slag.
• Concrete cubes and concrete paver blocks were casted and tested for its
compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural Strength and water
absorption tests.
• It is found that replacement of river sand by 25% M sand and coarse
aggregate by 40% mix metal slag gives the maximum strength.
J.Saravanan N.Suganya [2015]
• Have replaced 100% of conventional aggregate with mix metal slag
aggregate.
• It was observed that Compressive strength, split tensile strength and
Flexural strength of mix metal slag concrete increases in 6%, 28% and
34% respectively compared to the conventional coarse aggregate
concrete.
 CONTD..
Gozde Inan Sezer[2015]
• Studied on mix metal slag aggregate and lime stone aggregate in
concrete and prepared 12 different mixes with different w/c ratio of
0.40, 0.55 and 0.70.

• Found that use of fine or coarse aggregates of mix metal slag

generally increase the unit weight of concrete mixes.

• Concrete containing lime stone aggregate shows worse

performance as compare concrete containing coarse aggregate of
mix metal slag.
 CONTD..
Er.K.Jegan Mohah [2016]
• Studied on saw dust ash (SDA) and mix metal slag aggregate as
construction materials. Saw dust was burnt and the ash sieved
using 90 micron sieve.

• Percentage replacement of OPC with SDA was 0, 10, 20 and 30%

and percentage replacement of coarse aggregate with mix metal
slag was 0, 5, 10 and 15% respectively.

• Concrete acquires maximum increase in compressive strength at

20% cement replacement for sawdust ash and 10% coarse
aggregate replacement for mix metal slag.
 RESEARCH GAP
• It is observed in literature that mix metal slag has improved the
mechanical properties like compressive, tensile strength, abrasion
resistance and impact toughness of concrete.
• On the other hand used of PET fibre in concrete mixes reduces the
weight of concrete, improve the tensile strength, compressive
strength, flexural strength with little friction replacement in
concrete mass.
• The literature shows that the properties of concrete using mix metal
slag or PET fibres individually has been studied by the researchers.
• Very little or no information is available on the use of mix metal
slag and PET fibres as a combination in concrete paver block.
• The Investigations can be carried out to study the beneficial effect
of using PET fibres and mix metal slag in concrete paver blocks.
 PROBLEM FORMULATION
• The literature shows that very little work has been done to study
the properties of concrete paver blocks using mix metal slag as
replacement of fine aggregates. Also the literature does not
revealed anyPROBLEM FORMULATION
study regarding use PET fibres in concrete paver
blocks.
• Thus the present experimental investigation is designed to explore
the improvement in the properties of concrete paver blocks using
Mix metal slag- PET fibres.
• The mechanical strength performance will be evaluated by the
Compressive strength test.
• Durability properties will be evaluated through abrasion resistance
and water absorption of Mix metal slag and PET fibres reinforced
concrete paver blocks.
 OBJECTIVES
The present study has been designed to achieve the following
major objectives.
• To investigate the Compressive strength of Mix metal slag and
PET fibre reinforced concrete paver blocks.
• To investigate the Abrasion resistance ofMix metal slagand PET
fibre reinforced concrete paver blocks.
• To investigate the water absorption ofMix metal slagand PET fibre
reinforced concrete pavers blocks.
 MATERIAL REQUIRED
• Cement: - In this study ordinary Portland cement (OPC) will be
used.
• Fine aggregates: - Crushed stone coarse sand confirming to IS
383-1970.
• Coarse aggregates: - Locally available Crushed stones size
between ≤ 12 mm will be used.
• Mix metal slag;-mix metal slag will be used, as available from the
near by Iron and steel making industry.
• Fibres: - Fibres obtained from shredding of waste PET bottles.
• Water: - Portable drinking water is used for mixing of concrete.
 EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY
Material characterization:-The material testing will be done
in laboratory as per recommendation of IS 15658:2006, IS -
383-1970, IS 1489-1991, IS Code 2386(part 1-8) etc.
• For cement compressive test, consistency test, initial & final
setting time, soundness test, specific gravity tests will be
done.
• For coarse and fine aggregates specific gravity, water
absorption, bulk density, and fineness modulus tests will be
done in laboratory with the help of standard apparatus.
Designing of concrete mix:-Controlled concrete mix will be
design as per BIS 10262-2009. M35 will be design as per
material data available.
• Additional number of mixes will be prepared by replacing
fine aggregates with the different proportions of mix metal
slag and addition of different volume fractions of PET fibres.
 Mixing of materials :-

• Mixing of materials will be done in 100 liters capacity electrically

operated mixer .
• First coarse aggregates, fine aggregated and mix metal slag charged
in mixture and mixed for 3 minutes to make it homogeneous mix.
• After that cement will be charge in mixer and it will be mix with
aggregates for two minutes. After mixing, fibres will be added in
mix and again mixing will be done until proper mixing of fibres is
achieved. At last water is added to mix and it will be mix for two
minutes.
• Mix metal slag will be added to replace the equal weight of fine
aggregates & PET fibres will be added by volume fraction of
concrete to prepare mixes of concrete containing different
proportions of mix metal slag and PET fibres.
Casting of concrete paver block samples:-

• All mould will be cleaned and oiled from inner surfaces. Then the
moulds will be filled and compacted as per standard procedures.

• The moulds will be open manually with the help of spanner after
24 hours of casting.
 The numbers of samples used for each concrete mix are
shown in table below:-
Type of test Thickness Total No. No. of No. of Remarks
of paver of block blocks for blocks for
block 7 days 28 days
testing testing
Compressive 60mm 6 3 3
strength

Abrasion 60mm 3 - 3
Resistance
Water 60mm 3 - 3
Absorption
TOTAL 12
 Curing of samples: - After removal of samples from moulds, these
samples will be cured in curing tank available in laboratory.
• All samples will be marked with date and identification on the
surface with permanent marker.

Strength of samples: - The strength samples will be tested after 7days

and 28 days of casting. The sample will be tested surface dry
condition.
• Water absorption and abrasion test will be conduct as per IS
procedures after 28 days of curing.

Analysis of Test results: - The results of the various tests of all

concrete mixes will be analyzed to evaluate the performance of Mix
metal slag and PET fibres reinforced.
• Concrete paver blocks in terms of compression strength, abrasion
resistance and water absorption in comparison with control concrete
mix paver block.
 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

 Compression testing machine (at least 2000kN).

 Abrasion testing machine.

Compression testing Abrasion testing

machine machine
 PLACE OF WORK

 DAVIET

 GNE Ludhiana

 BUILD CRETE TECHONOLOGIES PVT. LTD.

 REFERENCES

1. J. Saravanan, N.Suganya... “Mechanical Properties of

Concrete Using mix metal slag Aggregate” International
Journal of Engineering Inventions e-ISSN: 2278-7461, p-
ISSN: 2319-6491 Volume 4, Issue 9 May 2015.
2. Mien Van Tran…“Properties of high strength concrete using
mix metal slag coarse aggregate “Japan International
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Partial Replacement of Sand to Concrete “International
Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research
(IJSETR), ISSN: 2278 – 7798 Volume 3, Issue 6, June 2014.
 CONTD..
4. Sultan A. Tarawneh…“Effect of using mix metal slag aggregate
on mechanical properties of concrete” American Journal of Applied
Sciences ISSN: 1546-9239, Ffeb- 2014.
REFERENCES
5. R. C. Yeole1, Dr. M. B.Varma2…“Comparison of Mix Designs of
Paver Blocks using Waste Rounded Steel Aggregates and Rubber
Pad” ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume
4, Issue 10, October 2014.
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7308,2014.
 CONTD..
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waste plastic fibre reinforced concrete”, International journal of
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 CONTD..
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or/and coarse aggregate, Feb 2015.
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 CONTD..
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 CONTD..
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ISSN 2321 3361 © 2016.
THANK YOU
NEED AND SIGNIFICANCE
• Concrete has basic properties like high compressive strength, less
tensile strength, less flexural strength, good workability, less resistant
to cracking, abrasion, durability, heavyweight, shrinkage and
impermeability, etc.
• some of these needs to improve and it can be improved by using
some additional Industrial and domestic waste materials as
replacement of basic ingredients of concrete i.e. fine or coarse
aggregates, which in turn may provides a solution of safe disposal of
these waste materials.
• The use of a waste material can solve problems of lack of aggregate
in various construction sites and reduce environmental problems
related to aggregate mining and waste disposal.