SMOG FOOTPRINTS

Submitted To:
Dr. Usman Fareed

Submitted By:
Sameen Fatima
2016-AG-7470

BSc. Environmental Engineering (7th Semester)

SEE-611
CONTENTS
• SMOG

• PRECURSORS

• FORMATION

• TYPES

• EFFECTS

• PREVENTION

• HOW TO CONTROL SMOG?

•
SMOG
• Smog is a combination of 'smoke' and 'fog’

• Smog is grimy, dirty, smelly and foul,

• suspended layer of pollutants forms smog.

SMOG PRECURSORS
• Gasoline and diesel-run vehicles
• Industrial plants and activities
• Heating due to human activities
• Agricultural fires
• Increased usage of fossil fuels
SMOG FORMATION
• Complex photochemical reactions
• Volatile organic compounds (VOC)
• Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
• Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
SMOG FORMATION
TYPES OF SMOG
1. Grey air (Industrial Smog)
– Sulfurous smog
– Greyish in color
– Colder moister climate
– Results from smoke+SO2
TYPES OF SMOG
2. Brown air
– Photochemical smog
– Brown in color
– Warmer
– Primary Pollutants +Sun
HEALTH EFFECTS OF SMOG
1. RESPIRATORY EFFECTS
– Large number of deaths occurred due to
influenza
– Exacerbation in Asthma, Bronchitis,
Tuberculosis
– Short term decrease in breathing ability
– Increase in chest pains
– Inflammation of the lungs and damage to
respiratory cells
– Permanent lung damage & reduced life
quality due to ozone.
– Increased number of asthma attacks due
to nitrogen dioxide.
HEALTH EFFECTS OF SMOG
HEALTH EFFECTS OF SMOG
2. CARDIOVASCULAR
EFFECTS
– Heart failure
– A lack of oxygen in the
bloodstream in those with
heart disease due to carbon
monoxide.
HEALTH EFFECTS OF SMOG
PREVENTION FROM SMOG
• Keep up to date with weather forecasts
• Avoid the affected areas
• Avoid exercising in smoggy conditions
• If you’re asthmatic carry your inhaler
always
• Avoid congested areas where you may
get stuck in traffic jams
HOW TO CONTROL SMOG?
• Try to use the vehicles at minimal level and check the
engine’s smoke emission frequently
• Prevent high usage of coals, which result in heavy smog
• Reduction of fumes from metal-working and other
industrial plants
• Buy green electricity-produced by low-or even zero-
pollution facilities
• Reduce pesticide use