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H2O + Zn ZnO + H2
from alloy Hg Hg
SnAg Ag
• Intermetallic compounds Ag
Sn
Sn
Ag-Sn Ag-Sn
formed Alloy
Mercury
Alloy
(Hg)
Ag
corrodes the least Ag
Sn Ag
Sn
– forms 30% of volume Ag-Sn
Alloy
Sn Ag-Sn
Alloy
of set amalgam Mercury
– 60% of volume
Ag-Cu particles
(Cu3Sn) Sn Sn
Ag
Ag
• Ag and Sn dissolve in Hg Ag-Sn Alloy
Ag-Sn Alloy
Mercury (Hg)
1
Fine Cut, Caulk
2
Dispersalloy, Caulk
3
Tytin, Kerr Phillip’s Science of Dental Materials 2003
Survey of Practice Types
Civilian General Dentists
32%
Amalgam Amalgam
Free Users
68%
39%
Amalgam Users
51%
12% 3%
8%
Amalgam Free
22% 12%
No No
Yes
Yes
78%
88%
DPR 2005
Review of Clinical Studies
(Failure Rates in Posterior Permanent Teeth)
% Annual Failure
8
0
Amalgam Direct Comp Ceramic CAD/CAM Gold GI
Comp Inlays Inlays Inlays Inlays &
Onlays
Longitudinal Cross-Sectional
15
Standard Deviation
10
Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Data
GI
T
m
el
M
d
er
ys
Co mp
CA ys
AR
ol
nn
CA
ga
la
la
G
Co
po
Tu
al
In
In
D/
st
Am
p
ct
ic
Ca
m
m
re
Co
ra
Di
Ce
Questions/Comments
Col Kraig Vandewalle
– DSN 792-7670
– ksvandewalle@nidbr.med.navy.mil