Portland Cement Concrete

ANZ Royal Bank (Cambodia) LTD.
Mao Tse Tung Blvd Branch

Construction New Building June 2008
SECTION 03065
PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE
PART 1 GENERAL
1.01 SECTION INCLUDES
A. The basic and minimum standards for materials, equipment and production standards
for the manufacture of Portland cement concrete for use in plain or reinforced concrete
construction in structures and civil works.
1.02 RELATED SECTIONS
A. Section 03050 – Concrete Materials
B. Section 03070 – Concrete Batching and Mixing.
C. Section 03300 – Cast – In – Place Concrete
D. Section 03400 – Precast Concrete
1.03 REFERENCES
A. American Concrete Institute

1. ACI 381M – Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete
B. American Society of Testing and Materials

1. ASTM C33 – Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates.
2. ASTM C143 – Standard Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic Cement Concrete
3. ASTM C150 – Standard Specification for Portland Cement.
4. ASTM C330 – Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural
Concrete
C. British Standards Institution

1. BS 812 Part 117 – Test Aggregates: Method for Determination of Water-Soluble
Chloride Salts.
2. BS 1881 Part 103 – Test Concrete: Method for Determination of Compacting Fac-
tor.
1.04 SUBMITTALS AND RECORDS TO BE RETAINED
A. Submittals:
1. Mix Design
a. Propose mix design, proportioned by weight and based on trail mixes con-
ducted with the materials to be used and mixed in the plant to be used for the
regular production of concrete, for each of the grades of concrete described in
Article 1.05
File: 03065 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Page 1 of 15

ANZ Royal Bank (Cambodia) LTD. Mao Tse Tung Blvd Branch
b. The mix design shall be accompanied by relevant data including, but not lim-
ited to, the following:
1) The type and source of Portland cement.
2) The source of the aggregate, together with the results of standard petrog-
raphy and reactivity tests.
3) Grading details, in tabular and graphical form, of the fine and coarse ag-
gregate.
4) Grading details, in tabular and graphical form, of the combined aggregate
together with details of the proportions in which the fine and coarse ag-
gregates are to be combined.
5) The aggregate: cement ratio by weight.
6) The water: cement ratio by weight.
7) The workability in terms of slump and compacting factor having due re-
gard to the final location and dimensions of the concrete.
8) The manufacturer’s water: cement ratio to strength graph for the cement
to be used.
9) Additives, if any; show type, quantity, purpose and specifications for ap-
plication and testing, if other than specified, of additive.
10) Chloride content of the component materials, excluding admixtures.
B. Records To Be Retained:
1. Certificates:
a. Certificates of compliance with the specified standards, or other recognized
and equivalent standards, in respect of the materials described in Article 2.01
b. For each consignment of cement delivered to the Site, retain a certificate
showing the place of manufacture and the results of standard tests carried out
on each day’s bulk supply form which the cement was extracted. Cements
shall be certified by the manufacturers as specified in the requirements of the
appropriate standards.
2. Test Reports:
a. Results of tests described in Articles 3.03
3. Method Statements:
a. Methods Statements to include details of the Contractor proposed arrange-
ments for the batching and mixing of concrete, including the type and loca-
tion of the plant and equipment to be used.
4. Manufacturer’s Instructions:
a. Chemical admixtures.
1.05 PRODUCT DATA
A. General Requirements:
1. Unless otherwise shown on the construction drawaings, the requirements for dif-
ferent grades of concrete to be used in the Works shall be as described in Table
03065 – 1.
Table 03065 – 1
Grades of Concrete
Cube Curshing at 28
Max. Size Max. Free days
Concrete Aggregate Min. Cement Water: Ce- Trial Works

Grade Mm Content kg/M3 ment Mix Test
Ratio Test Mpa
Mpa
40 20 370 0.4 – 0.45 50 40

35 20 350 0.4 – 0.45 45 35
30 20 330 0.4 – 0.45 40 30
25 20 320 0.45 – 0.50 35 25
20 20 310 0.55 30 20
15 20 280 0.55 25 15
B. Cement content in excess of 400 kg/m3 shall not be used unless special consideration
has been given to reduce thermal stresses in the concrete and approval has been ob-
tained from the Engineer.

1.06 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Design Mix:
Once a design for any grade of concrete is determined, it shall not be varied as to
source, quantity, grading of materials, proportioning, or in any other way. Proposed
changes shall be accomplished by preparing a new design mix as specified in Article
1.04
Maximum water soluble chloride ion concentrations in hardened concrete at an age of

28 days contributed from the ingredient including water, aggregates, cementitious ma-
terials and admixtures shall not exceed limits stated in ACI 318M.
1.07 DELIVERY, HANDLING, AND STORAGE
A. Cement Delivery and Storage:

1. Cement shall normally be delivered to the Site in bulk. Cement may be supplied
in sealed bags, which shall bear the manufacturer’s name, type of cement, weight
of bad and the date of manufacture. Each consignment of bagged cement shall be
kept separate from other consignments.
2. Different cements shall be stored in separate silos.
3. Bulk cement shall be stored in dry waterproof bins or hoppers.
4. Bagged cement shall be stored in dry weatherproof sheds or other such temporary
buildings. Such sheds or buildings shall be used exclusively for the storage of ce-
ment and shall be erected with the floors raised at least 30 cm above the ground.
Stacks of cement shall not exceed 10 bags in height.
5. Any consignment of cement, which has become caked, contaminated by damp o
other causes shall not be used in the Works and shall be immediately removed
from the Site or from the plant where the concrete is being mixed if outside the
Site.
6. During transport and storage the cement shall be fully protected from all weather
elements.
B. Aggregate Storage:
1. Aggregates for concrete shall be stored in concrete-based bins or on stages de-
signed to prevent intermixing of different aggregates and to avoid the inclusion of
dirt and other foreign materials. Each size of aggregate shall be stored separately.
2. All aggregates shall be kept free form contact with deleterious matter with ade-
quate provision for drainage, and shall be stored separately.
C. Chemical Admixture Storage:

1. Tanks or drums containing liquid admixtures shall be stored as specified in the
manufacturer’s specification.
2. Where recommended by the manufacturer agitation shall be provided for liquid
admixtures, which are not stable in solution.
3. Protect admixtures from contamination, damage and temperature disruptions,
which may have adverse effects on admixture properties.
1.08 TRIAL MIXES
A. As soon as the concrete mix design for each grade of concrete has been approved and
during or following the carrying out of the preliminary tests, prepare a trial mix of
each grade in the presence of the Engineer at least 35 days before commencement of
concreting. Trial mixes shall be mixed for the same time and handled by means of the
same plant proposed to use in the Works. Each trial mix shall comprise not less than
0.5 m3 of concrete.
B. Where ready mix concrete is being used, the above requirement may be waived at the
discretion of the Engineer if documentation on previous experience of a particular mix
design with test results available.
C. The proportions of cement, aggregate and water shall be carefully determined by

weight in accordance with the approved mix design (or modified mix design after
preliminary tests), and sieve analyses shall be made, by the method described in BS
812, of the fine aggregate and of each nominal size of coarse aggregate used.
D. The compacting factor of each batch of each trial mix shall be measured immediately
after mixing by the method described in BS 1881 and shall not be less than 0.85 nor
greater than 0.92. Slump test measurements shall also be taken immediately after
mixing.
E. Three separate batches for each trial mix and six 150 mm compression test cubes from
each batch in the presence of the Engineer. Three cubes shall be tested at 7 days and 3
at 28 days, after manufacture in accordance with the method described in BS 1881. If
either or both the average value of the strength of the nine cubes tested at 28 days is
less than the trial mix strength given in Table 03065 - 1, or the difference between the
greatest and the least strengths is more than 20 % of the average strengths, the
Contractor shall:
1. remove from site materials from which the trial mix was prepared
2. provide new materials and prepare and test further trial mixes until specified
requirements are achieved.
Additionally, the Contractor shall measure the temperature, workability and density of
concrete in each batch
F. A full scale test of the workability of each trial mix of each grade of concrete shall be
made in the presence of the Engineer. The trial mix of each grade of concrete shall be
batched, mixed and then transported a representative distance in the manner that
proposed to batch, mix and transport the concrete to be placed in the Works. After
discarding the first batch so made, the concrete from later batches shall be placed and
compacted in trial moulds both for reinforced and mass concrete with dimensions
typical of the Works. The sides of the moulds shall be capable of being stripped
without undue disturbance of the concrete placed therein. The sides of the moulds
shall be stripped after the concrete has set and the workability judged on the
compaction obtained. If the workability test shows that the workability required is not
attained for any trial mix for any class of concrete, the trial mix shall be redesigned
and a further full scale workability test shall be undertaken for that trial mix of
concrete.
G. Redesign of the concrete mixes and the making and testing of preliminary and trial
mixes of concrete shall be repeated for each grade of concrete until trial mixes of
concrete meeting the requirements of the Table 03065 - 1 and having the workability
required to place it in the Works, as demonstrated in the full scale workability test
described above, have been established.
H. Use only the approved mix of each grade of concrete in the Works. If at any time
during the construction of the Works the source of cement or aggregate is changed or
the grading of the aggregate alters to such an extent that the fraction of aggregate
retained on any sieve cannot be maintained within two percent of the total quantity of
fine and coarse aggregate when adjusted in accordance with this Clause, then further
trial mixes of concrete shall be made, tested and approved for use.
I. Preliminary laboratory tests shall be carried out to determine the mixes to satisfy the
specification with the approved materials. Trial mixes shall be tested to determine the
following properties of mixes proposed for initial field tests:
1. bleeding in accordance with ASTM C232 (non-vibrating) shall not exceed 0.5 %
2. drying shrinkage in accordance with BS 1881 Part 5 or BS 6073 Part 1, Appendix
D
3. air content to BS 1881 Part 106
4. free water:cement ratio
5. workability to BS 1881 Part 102
6. fresh and hardened concrete densities to BS 1881 Parts 107 and 114, respectively
7. compressive strength to BS 1881 Part 116
8. water permeability for concrete of Grade 30 and over to DIN 1048 for constant
pressure for 3 d
a. maximum 10 mm at 7 d
b. maximum 15 mm at 28 d
c. if the values obtained are unacceptable, the mixes shall be redesigned.
J. Approval of the job-mix proportions in establishing those proportions, in no way

relieves the Contractor of the responsibility of producing concrete which meets the
requirements of this Specification.
K. The Engineer may also require practical tests to be made on the Site by filling trial
moulds to confirm the suitability of:
a. mix for the works
b. type of plant used for mixing
c. face intended for use in the works
d. type of form oil
e. type of protective coatings.
L. All costs connected with the preparations of trial mixes and the design of the job mixes
shall be borne by the Contractor.
M. Whenever a change of brand or source for any of the concrete ingredients occurs,
additional “preliminary tests” will be required.
1.09 QUALITY AND TESTING
A. General
1 In order to ensure that the quality of materials and mix proportions are maintained
throughout concreting operations, sampling and testing shall be carried out using
the relevant procedures set out in BS 812, BS 882 and BS 1881 and all other

relevant codes quoted in this specification in accordance with a routine testing

program that shall be agreed with the Engineer before the start of concrete work.
B. Tests
1 Unless the Engineer directs otherwise, the program shall include at least the tests
specified below.
2 Slump tests shall be carried out at the rate of one test per load of concrete
delivered to the site, or one test per 10 m3 whichever is the lesser. The maximum
slump, measured at the point of placing the concrete shall not be less than 75 25
mm for general concrete work and not less than 100 mm -20/+40 mm for pumped
concrete. The use of either or both admixtures or additives to meet these
requirements will not be permitted unless approved by the Engineer. Any
variations from these slumps necessitated by the use of super plactisers or other
admixtures or additives shall be approved by the Engineer.
3 Samples for works cubes tests shall be taken at the average rate of one sample
every other load, or one test per 15 m3 whichever is less, of concrete of a
particular grade placed, with a minimum of one sample taken every day that the
mix is used. A sample consists of nine cubes, three to be tested at 7 d, three at 28
d and three to be tested at the discretion of the Engineer. Additional cubes may be
taken as directed by the Engineer.

1.10 PRELIMINARY TEST (TRIAL TESTS)
A. Target Mean Strength

1 The concrete mix shall have at least the required minimum cement content and
mean strength greater than the required characteristic strength by at least the
current margin.
2 The current margin shall be taken as the lesser of:
a. 1.64 times the standard deviation of cube tests on at least 100 separate
batches of concrete of nominally similar proportions of similar materials and
produced over a period not exceeding 12 months by the same plant and under
similar supervision, but not less than one-sixth of the characteristic strength
for concrete of Grade 15 or not less than 3.75 MPa for concrete of Grade 20
or above
b. 1.64 times the standard deviation of cube tests on at least 40 separate batches
of concrete of nominally similar proportions of similar materials and
produced over a period exceeding 5 days but not exceeding 6 months by the
same plant under similar supervision, but not less than one-third of the
characteristic strength for concrete of Grade 15 or not less than 7.5 MPa for
concrete of Grade 20 or above
c. if enough data is not available to satisfy the requirements of either clause a or
b above, the margin shall be taken as 10 MPa .
3 The Contractor shall declare any change in source of material and any change in
cement content, nature and source of each material, full details of tests on trial
mixes, proposed quantities of each ingredient per cubic metre of fully compacted
concrete.
4 To establish the suitability of any material used in the concrete work, unless
specified otherwise, the Contractor shall make preliminary tests and prepare
design mixes, in accordance with BS 5328, in a design laboratory acceptable to
the Engineer.
5 As part of the routine testing program the Contractor shall verify that the total
chloride ion (Cl) content and the total sulphate (SO3) content of each mix is
within the specified limits.
a The Contractor shall perform Chloride tests in accordance with BS 812 Part
117
b The Contractor shall perform sulphate (SO3) tests in accordance with BS 812
Part 118.
6 Chloride and sulphate levels in the concrete mix shall comply with the
requirements of Table 03065 – 2
Table 03065 - 2
Chloride and Sulphate Limits
% by wt. of Cement
Chlorides Sulphates
Type of Concrete as Cl as S03
For reinforced concrete
if made with OPC/MSRPC max. 0.30 max. 3.70
if made with SRPC max. 0.15 max. 3.70
Prestressed concrete and heat-cured max. 0.10 max. 3.70

reinforced concrete
For mass concrete

if made with OPC/MSRPC max. 0.60 max. 3.70
if made with SRPC max. 0.15 max. 3.70
Notes:
(a) OPC and MSRPC cements can also contain chlorides, the relevant standard
BS 12 allows up to 0.1 % of chloride ion
b) any chloride content present in the cement has to be taken into account while
computing total chloride ion in the mix.
B. Change of Current Margin

1 When the results of a sufficiently large number of tests show that the previously
established margin is significantly too large or too small, a change in the current
margin used for judging compliance with the specified characteristic strength may
be appropriate.
2 Recalculation of the margin shall be carried out as before, but the adoption of
recalculated value will not generally be justified if the two values differ by less
than:
(a) 18 %, when based on tests on 40 separate batches
(b) 11 %, when based on tests on 100 separate batches
(c) 5 %, when based on tests on 500 separate batches.
3 This recalculated margin, if adopted, becomes the current margin for the
judgement of compliance with the specified characteristic strength of concrete.
1.11 WORKS TEST CUBES
A. 1 Test cubes shall be taken as specified from fresh mixed concrete which is being used
in the Works and which has been prepared in the normal way.
B. Cubes shall be numbered consequently and marked with the date, section of work
from which they are taken and any other relevant information.
C. A minimum of six cubes for each sampling shall be made, testing three cubes at 7 d
and three cubes at 28 d.
D. The strength of cubes shall be not less than the minimum strength requirements for
each type of concrete given in Table 03065 - 1
E. If the average strength of the three works test cubes at 7 d indicate that the required
strength at 28 d will not be achieved the Contractor shall immediately:
a. stop all concreting until checks are made on material and equipment
b. rectify any defect which has become apparent as the result of checking.
At Contractor’s option, defective concrete may be removed and replaced without

awaiting the 28 days test results.
F. If works test cubes fail at 28 days the Contractor shall suspend concreting operations
and shall not proceed further without approval. The Contractor shall carry out in situ
testing of the suspect concrete in accordance with Part 13 of this Section, in the
presence of the Engineer. All defective work shall be replaced and retested to the
satisfaction of the Engineer.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.01 MATERIALS
A. Aggregates: Section 03051

1. Aggregates for Portland cement concrete shall at least comply with the following
standards.
Aggregates for general use: ASTM C33.
Aggregate for lightweight concrete: ASTM C330
2. Marine aggregates shall not be used in concrete work. For reinforced concrete
and mass concrete work the level of soluble sulphates and chlorides in the aggre-
gate shall not exceed the values stated in ACI 318M. Chloride levels of the ag-
gregates shall be determined daily, in accordance with BS 812: Part 117 or less
frequently when the long term variability has been established.
3. Both fine and coarse aggregates shall be tested for potential aggregate cement re-
activity.
4. Provide sun shade and water sprinkle to reduce the temperature of the aggregate
to the ambient temperature.
5. The overall grading of the aggregates shall be such as to produce concrete of the
quality specified in the Works Specifications that will work readily into position
without segregation or excessive bleeding. The overall grading shall be controlled
throughout the work so that it conforms closely to that assumed in the selection of
the mix proportions.
6. Keep records of the results of routine control tests carried out by the aggregate
producer.
7. All cement aggregates, water, additives admixtures, shall at least meet the re-
quirements of the standard specified in Article 1.03.
8. The use of calcium chloride in any form is prohibited.
B. Water: Section 03053
C. Admixture: Section 03054
2.02 WORKABILITY
A General
1 The workability of fresh concrete shall be suitable for the conditions of handling
and placing so that after compaction concrete surrounds all the reinforcement,
tendons, ducts and completely fills the formwork without voids or honeycombing.
The design slump range of the concrete shall be the minimum necessary to ensure
the correct placement and compaction of the mix.
2 For each concrete mix design prepared, the Contractor shall state the nominal
design workability value expressed as the 'slump' in accordance with the BS 1881
Part 102.
B Slump Tests

1 The design slump range shall be between 50 mm and 100 mm. For intricate
difficult placements with congested reinforcement the Engineer may permit the
formulation of a mix design with a design slump up to 150 mm. Such permission
shall be in writing and shall identify the specific placing conditions.
2 The slump test shall be carried out in accordance with BS 1881 Part 102.
Sampling of concrete for the slump test shall be carried out in accordance with
clause 4.2 of BS 1881 Part 102 when sampling from a mixer truck.
3 The limits of acceptance on the slump shall include a tolerance on the design
value of -10/+35 mm for a design slump of 50 mm and -15/+35 mm for design
slumps of 75 mm and over.
4 For each trial mix, a plant production trial shall be carried out and the slump of
the concrete checked immediately after discharge from the mixer and thereafter at
15 min intervals up to the maximum time period envisaged for delivery and
standing on site. Based on this trial the mix design shall identify any adjustments
to the range of plasticiser for acceptable workability for different times after
batching.
5 The slump of the concrete shall be checked from each mixer truck produced.
Slump values shall be written on the delivery ticket with the time taken.
6 Arrange for the concrete to be tested for slump just prior to placing at the site. The
first truck of the pour shall be tested to verify the workability and thereafter for
every hour of production or every 30 m3. Slump values shall be written on the
delivery ticket with the time taken.
7 In the event of high variability of slump values, the Engineer may instruct that
each truck of concrete is checked for slump at the plant. The Contractor shall
carry out an investigation to establish the cause of the high variation in slump and
shall take any necessary corrective action.

C Vebe and Compaction Factor

1 For very wet mix designs or very dry stiff mix designs the Engineer may permit
the use of the flow table with vebe time or the compaction factor test. These tests
shall be carried out in accordance with:
(a) BS 1881 Part 103, method for determination of compacting factor
(b) BS 1881 Part 104, method for determination of vebe time.
2.03 PERMEABILITY
A General
1 All concrete shall be designed to be dense, durable and have a high
impermeability to water.
2 Where mix design suffixes I (impermeable) and HI (highly impermeable) are
specified then the concrete shall be tested for permeability to water at frequencies
and locations as directed by the Engineer and specimens shall meet the criteria
given in Table 03065 - 3 at an age of 28 days.
B Testing
1 The tests listed in Table 03065 - 3 shall be carried out on a trial mix of the
proposed mix design using all the envisaged constituent materials and aggregates.
The Engineer shall be given the opportunity to witness all the stages of the trial
mixes. All testing shall be carried out by an approved laboratory. In all cases more
than one specimen shall be prepared and tested to provide an indication of the
precision of the test method. The testing laboratory shall prepare a full report
detailing the procedures used in the test. The Engineer may require concrete to be
tested in accordance with other test procedures which shall include, but shall not
be limited to:
(a) porosity as per RILEM CPC 11.3
(b) initial surface absorption of concrete (ISAT) to BS 1881 Part 5, Max. flow at
times of 10, 30, 60 & 120 minutes
(c) BS 1881 Part 122 method of determination for water absorption.
Table 03065 - 3
Permeability Testing
HI ( Highly
I ( Impermeable ) Impermeable )
Test Method Maximum Maximum
1 Water Penetration to DIN 1048 Part 1 20 mm 10 mm

2 Rapid determination of the chloride 1000 C 500 C
permeability of concrete as per
AASHTO T277-83.
3 Capillary Rise to Concrete Society Report 10 mm 5 mm
No. 31 1987 Section 4.2.2 (Taywood
Sorption
Test) - Max. rise in 4 h

2.04 DRYING SHRINKAGE
A Aggregate Shrinkage
1 If requested by the Engineer the Contractor shall carry out tests on the proposed
aggregate combination in accordance with. BS 812 Part 120, Method for testing
and classifying drying shrinkage of aggregates in concrete.
2 Aggregate combinations with a drying shrinkage up to and including 0.05 % are

suitable for all concreting purposes subject to the confirmation of the particular
design in accordance with section 7 of BS 8110 Part 2. Where the aggregate
drying shrinkage is greater than 0.05 % the aggregates shall be deemed suitable
for:
a. locations where complete drying out never occurs
b. mass concrete surface with air entrained concrete
c. members symmetrically and heavily reinforced not exposed to the
weather.
3 For aggregates sources where the drying shrinkage is greater than 0.05 % the test
shall be performed annually , where the drying shrinkage is less than 0.05 % the
test shall be carried out once every five years provided the essential character of
the material as determined by the Engineer does not change.
B Concrete Shrinkage
1 The proposed aggregate sources and rock types shall be checked to identify if the
particular rock types have a history of shrinkage.
2 Where instructed by the Engineer the Contractor shall arrange for drying
shrinkage tests to be carried out on the proposed concrete mix design in
accordance with BS 1881 Part 5 1970, test 5, Determination of changes in length
on drying and wetting. Tests shall establish the following:
a. initial drying shrinkage: the difference between the length and the
prism moulded and cured and its length when subsequently dried as
specified in the test standard.
b. drying shrinkage: the difference between the length of the prism of
matured concrete after immersion in water and its length when
subsequently dried or under specified conditions.
c. wetting expansion: the difference between the length of the prism when
dry and its length when subsequently immersed in water all under
specified conditions.
3 The initial drying shrinkage shall not exceed 0.05 %.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.01 GENERAL
A. Unless otherwise specified herein, batching and mixing shall be as specified in Section
03070.
B. Batching Plant:
1. The quantities of cement, sand (i.e. fine aggregate ) and the various sizes of coarse
aggregate shall be measured and batched by weight. Where bagged cement is
supplied no fraction of a bag shall be used in a batch of concrete unless the ce-
ment is weighted. Separate weighing machines shall be used for cementitious ma-
terials and aggregates.
2. Separate measuring containers shall be used for different types of admixture.
3. All measuring equipment shall be maintained in a clean and serviceable condition
and shall be calibrated and certified monthly.
4. The batching plant shall include separate bins for bulk cement, fine aggregate and
for each size of coarse aggregate, a weighing hopper, and scales capable of deter-
mining accurately the weight of each component of the batch. Scales shall be ac-
curate to 1.0% throughout the range of use.
5. The bulk cement hopper shall be properly sealed and vented to preclude dusting
during operation. The discharge chute shall not be suspended form the weighing
hopper and shall be so arranged that cement does not lodge in it or leak form it
during use.
C. Mixing Plant:
1. The mixing plant shall be of the drum or paddle box type. Continuous mixers
shall not be used.
2. Mixers having a rated capacity of less than 0.5 m3 shall not be used for structural
concrete.
3. Stationary mixers shall be equipped with a bell or other suitable warning device
adjusted to give a clearly audible signal each time the lock is released.
4. Each mixer shall be fitted with a water-measuring device having accuracy within
1.0% of the quantity of water required for the batch. In measuring water for each
batch of concrete , allowance shall be made for the water contained in the aggre-
gates and for the fluid content of any admixtures. The Total water in the batch
shall be deemed to consist of the water carried by the aggregates and any admix-
tures plus the water added.
3.02 APPLICATION
A. Unless otherwise specified herein, production of concrete shall be as specified in Sec-

tion 03070.
B. Mixing.
1. The whole of the batch shall be removed before materials for a fresh batch enter
the mixer.
2. The batch shall be so charged into the mixer that portion (approximately 10%) of
the water shall enter in advance of the cement and aggregates. The flow of water
shall be uniform and all water shall be in the drum by the end of the first 15 sec-
onds of the mixing period.
3. The quantity of water adjusted for the free moisture content of the aggregate shall
be measured. Any admixtures to be added shall be measured and, if solid, shall
be measured by weight. Different types of cement shall not be mixed.
4. The concrete shall be mixed until a mixture of uniform color and consistency is
obtained.
5. Mixing time shall be measured form the time all materials, except water, are in
the drum. Mixing time shall be not less than 60 seconds for mixers having a ca-
pacity less than 1.5 m3 or less than 90 seconds for mixers having a capacity great-
er than 1.5 m3.

6. If timing starts when the loading skip reaches its maximum raised position, 4 sec-
onds shall be added to the specified mixing time.
7. Concrete mixed less than the specified time shall be discarded and disposed of by
the Contractor.
8. Concrete mixed as specified above shall not be modified by the addition of water
or in any other manner to facilitate handling or for any other reason.
9. The concrete shall be mixed only in the quantity required for immediate use.
10. Mixers that have been out of use for more than 30 minutes shall be thoroughly
cleaned before any fresh concrete is mixed. The first batch of concrete through
the mixer shall then contain as appropriate additional quantity of cement. Mixing
plants shall be thoroughly cleaned before changing form one type of cement to
another.
C. Water – Cement Ratio:

1. The quantity of water used in mixing shall be on the basis of preliminary tests and
trial mixes and shall be the least amount that will produce a workable homogene-
ous plastic mixture, which can be worked into the forms and around the rein-
forcement. In on circumstances shall the consistency of the concrete be such as to
permit a separation of the aggregate form the mortar during handling. Excess wa-
ter shall not be permitted and any batch containing such excess shall be rejected.
2. Frequent tests including the slump test shall be carried out to ensure that a consis-
tent water content is maintained.
3. The concrete shall not bleed nor suffer plastic settlement.
4. In no case shall the water cement ratio exceed the maximum design value for each
particular class of concrete.
D. Ready Mixed Concrete
1. Ready mixed concrete shall comply with Section 030370 and the following spe-
cial requirements. The concrete shall be carried in purpose-made agitators, oper-
ating continuously, or truck mixers The concrete shall be compacted and in its fi-
nal position within 90 minutes maximum of the introduction of cement to the ag-
gregate . The time of such introduction shall be recorded on the delivery note to-
gether with the weight of the constituents of each mix.
2. When concrete is transported in a truck mixer, water shall be added under super-
vision either at the Site or at the central batching plant, but in no circumstances
shall water be added in transit.
3.03 FILED QUALITY CONTROL
A. General
1. Slump variation, as tested at least as specified in ASTM C143 at the time of plac-
ing shall be in accordance with the following tolerances.
2. The compacting factor of the concrete shall not vary by more than 0.03 from the
design value when determined at least as specified in BS 1881.
3. Concrete which has attained initial set or has contained its mix water for more
than 90 minutes shall not be placed.
END OF SECITON

Portland Cement Concrete

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Portland Cement Concrete

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ANZ Royal Bank (Cambodia) LTD.

Mao Tse Tung Blvd Branch

PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE

1.01 SECTION INCLUDES

1.02 RELATED SECTIONS

A. Section 03050 – Concrete Materials

B. Section 03070 – Concrete Batching and Mixing.

C. Section 03300 – Cast – In – Place Concrete

D. Section 03400 – Precast Concrete

A. American Concrete Institute

B. American Society of Testing and Materials

C. British Standards Institution

1.04 SUBMITTALS AND RECORDS TO BE RETAINED

File: 03065 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Page 1 of 15

1.05 PRODUCT DATA

Concrete Aggregate Min. Cement Water: Ce- Trial Works

40 20 370 0.4 – 0.45 50 40

File: 03065 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Page 3 of 15

1.06 QUALITY ASSURANCE

Maximum water soluble chloride ion concentrations in hardened concrete at an age of

1.07 DELIVERY, HANDLING, AND STORAGE

A. Cement Delivery and Storage:

C. Chemical Admixture Storage:

1.08 TRIAL MIXES

C. The proportions of cement, aggregate and water shall be carefully determined by

J. Approval of the job-mix proportions in establishing those proportions, in no way

1.09 QUALITY AND TESTING

File: 03065 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Page 6 of 15

relevant codes quoted in this specification in accordance with a routine testing

File: 03065 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Page 7 of 15

1.10 PRELIMINARY TEST (TRIAL TESTS)

A. Target Mean Strength

Prestressed concrete and heat-cured max. 0.10 max. 3.70

For mass concrete

B. Change of Current Margin

1.11 WORKS TEST CUBES

At Contractor’s option, defective concrete may be removed and replaced without

A. Aggregates: Section 03051

B. Water: Section 03053

C. Admixture: Section 03054

File: 03065 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Page 10 of 15

File: 03065 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Page 11 of 15

C Vebe and Compaction Factor

1 Water Penetration to DIN 1048 Part 1 20 mm 10 mm

File: 03065 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Page 12 of 15

2.04 DRYING SHRINKAGE

2 Aggregate combinations with a drying shrinkage up to and including 0.05 % are

A. Unless otherwise specified herein, production of concrete shall be as specified in Sec-

File: 03065 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Page 14 of 15

C. Water – Cement Ratio:

3.03 FILED QUALITY CONTROL

File: 03065 PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Page 15 of 15

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