“Our ability to reach unity in diversity

will be the beauty and the test of our

civilization”-Mahatma Gandhi
 LESSON 3
UNDERSTANDING OUR DIFFERENCES
0 “WE ARE PRODUCTS
OF OUR NATURAL
AND SOCIAL
ENVIRONMENT.”
. .
CULTURAL VARIATION

DEFINITION
• IT REFERS TO THE DIFFERENCES IN SOCIAL
BEHAVIORS THAT DIFFERENT CULTURES
EXHIBIT AROUND THE WORLD .
•WHAT MAY BE CONSIDERED GOOD ETIQUETTE IN
ONE CULTURE MAY BE CONSIDERED BAD
ETIQUETTE IN ANOTHER
(globalsociology.pbworks.com)
•THE RICH DIVERSITY IN SOCIAL PRACTICES
THAT DIFFERENT CULTURES EXHIBIT AROUND
THE WORLD.
. .
 RELIGION COMES RELIGION IS A
FROM LATIN WORD POWERFUL
“religare” WHICH INSTITUTION THAT
MEANS “to tie” OR “to CONNECTS HUMAN
bind” FAST BEINGS, BOTH AS
INDIVIDUALS AND
IT IS A SYSTEM OF
RELIGION COLLECTIVELY TO A
BELIEFS AND TRANSCENDENT
PRACTICES AS WELL AS REALITY
SYSTEMS OF ACTIONS
DIRECTED TOWARD
ENTITIES WHICH ARE
ABOVE MEN.
SMALLER CULTURAL
GROUPS(ETHNIC GROUPS) THAT
SHARE THE SPECIFIC
ENVIRONMENTS,TRADITIONS,
AND HISTORIES THAT ARE NOT
NECESSARILY SUBSCRIBED TO
THE MAINSTREAM CULTURE
•ETHNOS-”group” “nation”
“people”
•THERE ARE 180 ETHNIC
GROUPS IN THE PHILIPPINES
•AETA
•ILOCANO
•VISAYANS
•BICOLANO
•SAMA-BAJAU
•IGOROT
•LUMAD
•SUBANON
•TAGALOG
•MARANAO
•BLAAN
•MANGYAN….
NATIONALITY
•THE IDENTITY THAT IS TIED
TO BEING PART OF A
NATION OR COUNTRY
NATION
•A GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO
SHARE THE SAME HISTORY,
TRADITIONS AND LANGUAGE
ACQUISITION OF NATIONALITY
•NATURAL-BORN CITIZEN
•NATURALIZATION

Portfolio Presentation
. .
THE DIFFERENCES AMONG THE
INDIVIDUALS ON THE BASIS OF Social Differences
SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS
AND QUALITIES

SOCIAL DIFFERENCES ARE THE SITUATIONS

WHERE PEOPLE ARE DISCRIMINATED
AGAINST ON THE BASIS OF SOCIAL,
ECONOMIC, AND RACIAL INEQUALITY.
 SOCIAL DIFFERENCES

01
GENDER
03

EXCEPTIONALITY
02
SOCIO-ECONOMIC 03
STATUS
 1. GENDER
Refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors,
activities and attributes that a given society considers
appropriate for men and women
(WHO 2013)
•Gender vs Sex 02

•LGBTQi
 • Infographic Style
GENDER VS SEX

ONE’S SENSE OF SELF AS REFERS TO THE

MASCULINE OR FEMININE BIOLOGICAL
REGARDLESS OF CHARACTERISTIC OF
EXTERNAL GENITALIA HUMANS SUCH AS MALE
OR FEMALE WWHILE
GENDER CATEGORIES
ARE MORE VARIED
 LGBTQi
LESBIAN,
GAY,
BISEXUAL,
TRANSGENDER,
QUEER/QUESTIONING,
INTERSEX

LESBIAN GAY BISEXUAL TRANSGENDER

A WOMAN WHO IS MEN A PERSON WHO IS ARE THOSE WHOSE
EMOTIONALLY , ATTRACTED ATTRACTED TO PSYCHOLOGICAL SELF
ROMANTICALLY EMOTIONALLY, TWO SEXES OR (“GENDER
OR SEXUALLY ROMANTICALLY GENDERS BUT IDENTITY”)DIFFERS
ATTRACTED TO AND/OR NOT NECESSARILY FROM THE SOCIAL
OTHER WOMEN SEXUALLY TO SIMULTANEOUSLY EXPECTATIONS FOR THE
MEN PHYSICAL SEX THEY
OR EQUALLY
WERE BORN WITH
 LGBTQi
LESBIAN,
GAY,
BISEXUAL,
TRANSGENDER,
QUEER/QUESTIONING,
INTERSEX

QUEER/QUESTIONING INTERSEX
A PERSON WHO IS IS A GENERAL TERM USED FOR A
VARIETY OF CONDITIONS IN
ATTRACTED TO WHICH A PERSON IS BORN WITH A
MULTIPLE GENDERS REPRODUCTIVE OR SEXUALLY
ANATOMY THAT DOESN’T FIT THE
TYPICAL DEFINITIONS OF FEMALE
OR MALE
STOP THE
DISCRIMINATION
AGAINST
LGBTQi !
 SOCIO-ECONOMIC
STATUS
IT REFERS TO THE CATEGORY OF
PERSONS WHO HAVE MORE OR
LESS THE SAME SOCIO-ECONOMIC
PRIVILEGES

DETERMINANTS:
INCOME, VALUE OF ASSETS AND
SAVINGS, CULTURAL INTEREST AND
HOBBIES, EDUCATION, PEERS AND
RELATIVES
2. SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS
Source: https://www.ldoceonline.com/Sociology-topic

MIDDLE CLASS UPPER CLASS

LOWER CLASS
THE SOCIALCLASS THAT
HAS LESS MONEY , POWER
OR EDUCATION THAN
ANYONE ELSE
THE SOCIAL CLASS THAT COMPOSED OF PEOPLE WHO
INCLUDES PEOPLE WHO HOLD THE HIGHEST SOCIAL
ARE EDUCATED AND STATUS, USUALLY ARE
WORK IN PROFESSIONAL THE WEALTHIEST MEMBERS OF
JOBS . SOCIETY, AND WIELD THE
GREATEST POLITICAL POWER
 3. EXCEPTIONALITY
IT REFERS TO THE STATE OF BEING INTELLECTUALLY GIFTED
AND/OR HAVING PHYSICALLY OR MENTALLY CHALLENGE
CONDITIONS
EXCEPTIONALITIES:
•INTELLECTUAL – WHO HAVE SUPERIOR INTELLIGENCE AS WELL AS
THOSE WHO ARE SLOW TO LEARN
•COMMUNICATIVE-THOSE WHO HAVE SPECIAL LEARNING DISABILITIES
OR SPEECH OR LANGUAGE IMPAIRMENTS
•SENSORY-THOSE WHO HAVE AUDITORY OR VISUAL DISABILITIES
•BEHAVIORAL-THOSE WHO ARE EMOTIONALLY DISTURBED OR
SOCIALLY MAL ADJUSTED
•PHYSICAL-WITH ORTHOPEDIC OR MOBILITY DISABILITIES
•MULTIPLE-THOSE WHO HAVE A COMBINATION OF CONDITIONS SUCH
AS ORTHOPEDICALLY CHALLENGED AND VISUALLY IMPAIRED
 ACTIVTY
FOR 10 MINUTES SHARE IN THE
SHARE WITH ONE GROUP IF YOU HAVE
ANOTHER THE EXPERIENCED
FOLLOWING BEING
GROUP THE INFORMATIONS: DISCRIMINATED
CLASS INTO NATIONALITY BECAUSE OF YOUR
RELIGION, ETHNICITY, GENDER OR SOCIO
5 GROUPS SOCIO ECONOMIC ECONOMIC STATUS
STATUS

SHARE IN THE CLASS WHAT

YOU HAVE DISCUSSED IN
YOUR GROUP REGARDING
YOUR SIMILARITIES,
DIFFERENCES, EXPERIENCES
AND THE LESSONS LEARNED