STROKE

(Cerebrovascular
Accident)

Acuna, Maria Cristina

STROKE
Complex dysfunction caused
by a lesion in the brain
TYPES & CAUSES

Less than 24 hours

Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit

(RIND) lasts 24-72 hrs
SYMPTOMS
EFFECTS OF STROKE
EFFECTS
EFFECTS
Cortical Areas
(Eye movement in
same direction)
(cannot conceptualize tasks)

(repeats speech/ gestures)

(rely on environment to orient self)

(mood swings)

(lack of insight)

(poor speech production,

aggramatism)
EFFECTS
Cortical Areas

(loss of auditory
comprehension, produce
meaningless speech, etc.)
EFFECTS
Cortical Areas
EFFECTS
Cortical Areas

(vision field defect)

(sensory defect)

(total/ partial loss of vision)

(inability to recall words, names, numbers)

(loss of writing ability)
(inability to calculate)
(loss of ability to read)
 (all quadrants weakness)

(involuntary eye movements)

(drooping eyelids)

(double vision)

*Ataxia- lack of voluntary coordination inc. gait, eye mov’t., swallowing, etc.
EFFECTS
Cortical Areas

inability of an individual to perceive more

than a single object at a time
EFFECTS
Non-Cortical Areas

(involuntary, jerky)
(Late response to stimuli)

(lack of insight)

(oversleep) (jumbled/ meaningless

words)

(inability to comprehend/ formulate

verbal & written language, etc.)
EFFECTS (slurred, slow speech)

Non-Cortical Areas

(cant maintain position)

ASSESSMENT TOOLS
 The Role of OT
- Further retraining in self-care skills and adapting tasks or environments,
including the use of adaptive equipment to maximize the ability to perform
ADLs safely
- Addressing ongoing deficits such as weakness, sensory loss, and cognitive
or visual impairments that limit engagement in ADLs and IADLs
- Performing work-related task analysis and work site evaluations, and
recommending modifications to the workplace; collaborating with
educational facilities to facilitate return to school; working with the client on
child-care-related tasks and adaptations for safe parenting responsibilities;
and recommending adaptations to resume former leisure activities or
develop new ones as feasible.
 The Role of OT
- Training in community reintegration and modifying tasks or environments,
including, where appropriate, assessment of and training in the use of
assistive technology, to maximize independent engagement in IADLs.
- Evaluating and treating swallowing difficulties
- Teaching and promoting healthy lifestyle habits and routines to minimize
risk of secondary stroke
- Developing coping strategies to support psychosocial health and well-
being (including relaxation techniques, if appropriate)
- Developing strategies to overcome barriers to sexual intimacy
- Providing pre-driving and driving evaluations, equipment recommendations
for safe return to driving, or education on alternate means of transportation