WARM UP

ACT Prep
Passage V

5 minutes
Start when the bell rings
Concentrations of Solutions
 Concentration Definition
• Amount of solute in a quantity of solvent/solution
Basic Concentration Descriptions
• Saturated solution
– Maximum amount of
dissolved solute

• Unsaturated solution
– Can dissolve more
solute
Basic Concentration Descriptions
• Supersaturated solution

– More solute than can

normally be dissolved
• Increased temp.

– Unstable
• Crystallization
Mathematical Concentration Units
• Percent by Mass

o Mass of solute
x 100
Mass of solution

• solution = solute + solvent

o Unit: %
Mathematical Concentration Units
• Mole Fraction

o Moles of solute
Moles of solution

• solution = solute + solvent

o No unit
Mathematical Concentration Units
• Molarity

o Moles of solute
Liters of solution

• solution = solute + solvent

o Unit: M
Mathematical Concentration Units
• Molality

o Moles of solute
Mass of solvent (kg)

o Unit: m
 Chemistry and Math
• All equations can be set up to find any
unknown value

• May need to convert to get to the unit you

need for a formula
 WRAP UP
1. Calculate both the % by mass and the
mole fraction of a solution of 15 g Cu
and 95 g Sn.
2. Calculate the molarity of a solution of
3 moles of HCl dissolved in 850 mL of
solution.
3. Calculate the molality of a solution of
.837 moles of sugar in 5.59 kg of
water.
 WARM UP
• If you have a solution of 11.2 g of NaCl
and 118.8 g of H2O (d=1.0 g/mL), that
create 120 mL of solution when mixed,
calculate:
– % by mass

– mole fraction
 WRAP UP
• If you have a solution of 11.2 g of NaCl
and 118.8 g of H2O (d=1.0 g/mL), that
create 120 mL of solution when mixed,
calculate:
– molality

– molarity
 WARM UP
The molality of a solution of
chlorine and water is .0362 m.
This solution contains 3500 g
of water. How much chlorine,
in grams, was used to
prepare this solution?
 WRAP UP
• Which two
measurements of
concentration are
most commonly
used? Why is this?

• Write the formula and

unit for each.