GEOLOGIC

PROCESES
 WHAT IS GEOLOGIC
PROCESES
• Geological processes are dynamic processes at work in the earth's
landforms and surfaces. The mechanisms involved, weathering, erosion,
and plate tectonics, combine processes that are in some respects
destructive and in others constructive.
WHAT IS PLATE TECTONICS?

• DescriptionPlate tectonics is a scientific theory describing the large-

scale motion of seven large plates and the movements of a larger
number of smaller plates of the Earth's lithosphere, since tectonic
processes began on Earth between 3 and 3.5 billion years ago.
 WHAT ARE THE SEVEN
MAJOR PLATES?
• The seven major plates are the African plate, Antarctic plate, Eurasian
plate, Indo-Australian plate, North American plate, Pacific plate and
South American plate.
WHAT IS WEATHERING

• Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soil, and minerals as well as

wood and artificial materials through contact with the Earth's
atmosphere, water, and biological organisms. Wikipedia
EXAMPLE OF WEATHERING

Example of weathering: Wind and water cause small pieces of rock to

break off at the side of a mountain.Weathering can occur due to
chemical and mechanical processes.
 WHAT IS EROSION?
In earth science, erosion is the
action of surface processes
(such as water flow or wind)
that removes soil, rock, or
dissolved material from one
location on the Earth's crust,
and then transports it to
another location (not to be
confused with weathering
which involves no movement).
 HOW THE PRODUCTS OF WEATHERING
ARE CARRIED AWAY BY EROSION AND
DEPOSITED ELSEWHERE?
• Ambitious
• Weathering is the process were rocks are broken down into sediments through
physical or chemical means. Erosion is the process of eroding or removal of
substance like sediments and transporting it away from the origin of the substance.
Erosion relies on natural way of transporting sediments like being carried by running
water and wind.
• The products of weathering are being carried away by erosion in different ways. Let's
have this as an example, when rain falls and hits the rocks, the oxygen in the water
oxidizes the minerals in rocks causing it to break away from the rocks and dissolved
together in the water. The running water carried the weathered rock sediments or
minerals in three ways such as solution, suspension and as bed load.
• Then the water runs down from the elevated region down to the lower region
carrying the sediments or minerals together with it.
WHAT IS MAGMA

• hot fluid or semifluid material below or within the earth's crust from
which lava and other igneous rock is formed on cooling.
• "when red-hot magma comes into contact with seawater, an explosion
results"
HOW MAGMA IS FORMED

• Hot, molten rock is called magma. Magma is a mixture of liquid rock,

minerals, and dissolved gases. It is formed by the melting of Earth's
mantle. Magma is found deep below the surface of the Earth.
MAGMA FORMED
WHAT IS METAMORPHISM

• Metamorphism is the change of minerals or geologic texture (distinct

arrangement of minerals) in pre-existing rocks (protoliths), without
the protolith melting into liquid magma (a solid-state change). The
change occurs primarily due to heat, pressure, and the introduction of
chemically active fluids.
EXAMPLE OF
METHAMORPHISM
• Some examples of metamorphic rocks are gneiss, slate, marble, schist,
and quartzite.
WHAT IS VULCANISM

• Volcanism is the phenomenon of eruption of molten rock onto the

surface of the Earth or a solid-surface planet or moon, where lava,
pyroclastics and volcanic gases erupt through a break in the surface
called a vent.