Lopez Edilbert B. Back Up Power System For Water Supply Station Final

Document Code: DCAVRKMI-F-PSP
MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION

Lucena City Document Title: Project Study Proposal
An Autonomous University Page No.: Page 1 of 32
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DR. CESAR A. VILLARIBA RESEARCH AND Effectivity Date: August 2019
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE Prepared by: DCAVRKMI
Reviewed by: QMR
QUALITY FORM Approved by: President
A Design of Backup Off-Grid PV System for Water Supply System
A Project Study
Presented to the Faculty of the
College of Engineering
Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation University
Lucena City
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering
Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency and Accreditation Program
by
Edilbert B. Lopez
November 2020
PROJECT STUDY PROPOSAL

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I. Research Title: A Design of Backup Off-Grid PV System for Water Supply System
II. Name of Researcher : Edilbert B. Lopez

Degree : Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering
Researcher’s Contact :
09431347757
Details
Name of Research Adviser : Engr. Melissa R. Serrano
III.Project Study Proposal
Abstract
All life on earth defends on water to survive. There will be no life on earth without water.
60 percent of body weight is water. Daily supply of water is very important in all of us. Without
food we can survive for 8 to 21 days but without water we will only last for 3 days. These
numbers show how essential water is.
Ensuring water supply mandated by law though Presidential Decree No. 1067 governing
its appropriation and utilization. It has been always top priority.
This research and development study address the problem of water shorted in relation
with power outages and utilizing renewable energy mainly solar energy.
1. Introduction
1.1. Background of the Study
Water and electricity are essential in people’s daily lives. All activities require these
two. Water being an indispensable resource, a requirement to all lives on Earth and
electricity which enables humans to create the unimaginable of things. Without these two,
life would not be the same as it is now.

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People understood the importance of water. Civilizations craft means to develop
systems which can effectively manage and conserve water for their consumption. Such
means include building wells, canals and dams among others. Pumping stations on one
hand serves best in the delivery of potable and decent waters to business establishments
and households. Problems within these distribution utilities may impose bigger concerns
to communities as water is indeed vital to human lives.
This was experienced by a subdivision in Bulacan when typhoon Ulysses hit the
province. The aftermath is so severe that the electrical facilities were left devastated
leaving the area without electricity for days. Worse, the locality endured no water supply
as the pumping stations rely as well to electricity to function.
The Republic Act 9513 known as the Renewable Energy Act of 2008, aims to
increase the utilization of renewable energy by institutionalizing the development of
national and local capabilities in the use of renewable energy systems, and promoting its
efficient and cost-effective commercial application by providing fiscal and non-fiscal
incentives. The use of renewable energy provides benefits that reduce emissions of air
pollutants as well as greenhouse gases (GHG). Therefore, alternative sources of energy
are needed so that mankind can survive on the Earth without depending on fossil fuels
[ CITATION Hos14 \l 13321 ].
The design and development of a back-up power system for a water supply pump
using solar panels as source was then conceptualized as a possible solution to the said
problem. As the saying goes “Okay lang ang walang kuryente, huwag lang mawalan ng
tubig”.
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The main purpose of this project is to help communities in maintaining water
supply in case same unfortunate event happen. The setting of the study is a subdivision
having at least three water supply stations each with elevated tanks with capacity of
10000 gallons. The water pumps have a rating of three horse power and is controlled by a
water level float switch which is placed inside the tank.
1.2. Objectives of the Study
The main objective of this study is to design and develop a back-up power system
for a water supply pump using solar panels as source. Furthermore, this study aims the
following specific objectives:
1. To gather and analyze data for the design of a backup off-grid PV system for
water pumping stations.
2. To design and develop a backup off-grid PV system for water pumping stations.
3. To build the designed backup off-grid PV system for water pumping stations.
4. To test and evaluate prototype in terms of functionality and efficiency.
1.3. Significance of the Study
Community. The main beneficiary of the study is the community. Developing such
a system will significantly help the community in events of power shortages due to power
outages or blackouts. Maintaining a consistent power supply for water stations will ease
the burden of finding decent water source by the community residents.
Researcher. This research study may serve as a reference to future researchers.
This may aid them in gaining relevant information regarding designing, development and
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utilization of solar and other renewable energy. This will prepare them in dealing future
problems related in this field.
Company. Companies may opt to develop similar systems to extend to
communities or make profit of. Renewable energy is not a new concept but its
applications are revolutionary. They may make use of this study as a baseline to develop
products which are of great significance to their stakeholders especially to potential
investors.
1.4. Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study mainly focuses in the utilization of solar energy as a back-up power
supply of water pumps to provide continuous potable water supply even when there are
serious power outages in the area.
The system used solar energy as the main power source to power water pumps in a
water pumping station. Each water pumping station is expected to service 100 households
– the number of households per block in the subdivision. The specifications of the
prototype are based on the actual monthly average water consumption of the households
serviced by the water pumping station. Furthermore, the study is e valuated in terms of
effectiveness and functionality of operations.
The study is intended only for subdivisions with more than three pumping stations
having tanks with maximum capacity of 10000 gallons. Since each household is different
from another and a lot of factors affect water consumption per household, the prototype
might be off of a few durations when in use. Lastly, data gathering is only limited to
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daytime operations as home owners’ associations are deterrent in the implementation of
the study.
1.5. Conceptual Framework
Figure 1. Conceptual paradigm
Figure 1 shows the conceptual framework being used by the researcher to develop the
proposed system. First, data gathering procedure and analysis were done to determine
necessary specifications of the system specifically intended for the intended setting. Design
and development, prototype fabrication and testing and evaluation is an iterative and
evolving process to streamline system operations and efficiency. Lastly, implementation and
maintenance is integrated to ensure prototype functionality and seamless operability.
1.6. Definition of Terms

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Automatic transfer switch is a switch that transfer load from different sources.
Battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with
external connections for powering electrical devices.
Charge controller limits the rate at which electric current added or drawn from
electric batteries.
An inverter converts direct current to alternating current.
Meter measures the amount of electrical energy in kWh that was consumed.
Solar panel is designed to absorb the sun’s rays as a source of energy.
1.7. Acronyms
ATS Automatic Transfer Switch
CC Charge Controller
DU Distribution Unit
HOA Home Owners’ Association
IPS Inverter Power Supply
M kWh Meter
PEC Philippine Electrical Code
PV Photo Voltaic
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2. Review of Literature and Related Studies
This section explains body of studies and literatures used in this research. This
will help to materialize the concept.
Solar Power System
Solangi et al., (2011) stated that solar energy is one of the cleanest energy
resources that does not compromise or add to the global warming. The sun radiates more
energy in one second then people have used since beginning of time. Solar energy is
often called “alternative energy” to fossil fuel energy sources such as oil and coal.
Ellabban et al., (2014) explained that solar photovoltaic (PV) systems directly
convert solar energy into electricity. The basic building block of a PV system is the PV
cell, which is a semiconductor device that converts solar energy into direct‐current
electricity. PV cells are interconnected to form a PV module, typically up to 50 to 200W.
The PV modules, combined with a set of additional application‐dependent system
components (e.g., inverters, batteries, electrical components, and mounting systems),
form a PV system. PV systems are highly modular, i.e., modules can be linked together to
provide power ranging from a few watts to tens of megawatts.
Timilsina et al., (2011) implied that solar energy has also experienced an
impressive technological shift. While early solar technologies consisted of small-scale
photovoltaic (PV) cells, recent technologies are represented by solar concentrated power
(CSP) and also by large-scale PV systems that feed into electricity grids. The costs of
solar energy technologies have dropped substantially over the last 30 years.
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Bhuiyan A, Sugita K, Hashimoto, Yamamoto A. (2012) stated the most
established solar PV technologies are silicon-based systems. More recently, so called thin
film modules, which can also consist of non-silicon semiconductor material, have
become increasingly important. Although thin films generally have a lower efficiency
than silicon modules, their price per unit of capacity is lower. Concentrating PV, where
sunlight is focused onto a smaller area, is on the edge of entering full market deployment.
Concentrating PV cells have very high efficiencies of up to 40%. Other technologies,
such as organic PV cells, are still in the research phase.
L. Fernandez. (2015) discussed that the effect of changing electricity prices from
renewables on option values and trigger prices is analyzed. Currently, the Philippines is
one of the countries with the highest electricity rates in the Asia-Pacific region.
Compared with neighboring countries including Thailand, Malaysia, South Korea,
Taiwan, and Indonesia, the prices are lower as the government subsidized the cost
through fuel subsidy, cash grants, additional debt, and deferred expenditures. In the
Philippines, electricity prices are higher due to no government subsidy, fully cost
reflective, imported fuel-dependent and heavy taxes across the supply chain.
Solar Energy
O. Ellabban et al., (2014) reported that new installations totaling 30.2GW in 2012
took global solar power generating capacity to 100GW by year-end, a 43.3% increase
versus the end of 2011. Capacity has grown more than ten-fold over the past 5 years, with
more than half of the growth in capacity in Europe, led by Germany (7.6GW) and Italy
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(3.4GW). Germany remains the world's a leader for cumulative installed
capacity(32.6GW), and Italy(16.2GW) comes in second. The top markets—Germany,
Italy, China, the United States, and Japan—were also the leaders for total capacity.
S. Rehman and L. Al-Hadhrami (2010) attempted to explore the possibility of
utilizing power of the sun to reduce the dependence on fossil fuel for power generation to
meet the energy requirement of a small village Rowdat Ben Habbas located in the north
eastern part of the Kingdom. The existing diesel only system with four diesel generating
units of 1500, 1000, 1750 and 250 kW with diesel price of 0.2$/l was found to be most
economical power system with levelized cost of energy (COE) of 0.19$/kWh. The next
best system with 21% solar PV (2000 kWp) penetration; four diesel generators of 1250,
750, 2250 and 250 kW; battery bank (300); and a power converter of 3000 kW with a
COE of 0.219$/kWh was economical at a diesel price of 0.2$/l. With increasing fuel price
the diesel only system was found to becoming less economical and at a fuel price of
0.60$/l and above, the diesel only system became un-economical compared to that of
hybrid power system. It is recommended that a demonstration hybrid power system with
20% solar PV penetration should be developed and practical aspects of the development,
operation, maintenance and thereof improvement should have studied.
According to the IEA World Energy Outlook 2013, the global energy demand will
grow about one third from 2011 to 2013.Many people believe that tackling the energy
problem is amongst the biggest challenges for human kind in the 21 st century. It is a
challenge because of several problems: The first challenge the human kind is facing is a
supply-demand problem. The demand is continuously growing. The world population is

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still rapidly growing, and some studies predict a world population of 9 billion around
2040 in contrast to the 7 billion people living on the planet today. All these people will
need energy, which increases the global energy demand. Further, in many countries the
living standard is rapidly increasing like China and India, where approximately 2.5
billion people are living, which represents more than a third of the World’s population.
Also, the increasing living standards lead to an increased energy demand.
Mc Michael AJ, Butler CD, Folke C. (2008) implied that a sustainable
development is one that meets the needs of the present while maintaining the ability of
future generations to sustain their own needs. Photovoltaic as fuel-free energy sources
inherently will be sustainable unless they are too expensive to produce, the materials
required for their manufacture are deflectable, or they are environmentally unsafe.
Clearly specifying the sustainability of the 2nd generation of photo-voltaic, i.e., thin-film-
silicon, cadmium telluride (CdTe), and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS), demands
investigations of three measurable aspects: cost, resource availability, and environmental
impact. Improving them directly relates to the desired human empirical sustainability
outcomes of security, opportunity, and health from affordable, abundant clean energy,
which have cross-societal, multi-regional and trans-generational dimensions.
Stoett P J. (2010) observed that unlike the current methods that produce the
majority of electrical energy, PV is a renewable resource. Thus, PV will continue to
produce power indefinitely (as long as the sunshine). Contrary to popular perceptions,
with current conversion efficiencies there is more than enough sunlight to easily provide
global energy needs both now and in the future. There is a commonly held misconception
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that sustainable energy via solar cells comes at the price of large surface areas in selected
regions. This is simply untrue. The total solar radiation falling on the earth is 1.2x1014
kW, which is roughly 10,000 times current world consumption. It would not even be
necessary to cover an appreciable area of the planet with PV to provide for current world
power from current solar cells (which are generally ~10% efficient).
Marks ND, Summers TJ, Betz RE (2012) Solar PV combines two advantages. On
the one hand, module manufacturing can be done in large plants, which allows for
economies of scale. On the other hand, PV is a very modular technology. Compared to
concentrating solar power (CSP), PV has the advantage that it uses not only direct
sunlight but also the diffuse component of sunlight, i.e., solar PV produces power even if
the sky is not completely clear. This capability allows the effective deployment in many
more regions in the world than for CSP.
Water Pumps
Water pump is a device that applies mechanical and hydraulic principles to a
piping system in order to generate sufficient force for future usage. A water pump's
operation is primarily based on the positive displacement principle and the use of kinetic
energy to propel water. During the mechanical contraction and development of a stretchy
diaphragm, positive displacement pumps deliver a constant amount of flow. These pumps
can be used in a variety of sectors to regulate high-viscosity fluids in the presence of
responsive solids. These are recommended for applications that require a combination of
high pressure and low flow.

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For activating the water pump's motor, these pumps employ AC or DC electricity,
but others might be powered by various types of engines, such as gasoline or diesel.
Water pumps are utilized for dewatering purposes, reducing downtime caused by heavy
rains. Buildings, wells, boost applications, hot water circulation, sump pits, and fire
system protection are all popular uses for these pumps. A good pump, carefully chosen,
can be ideal for draining water from a low-lying flooded area, refilling the swimming
pool and bathtub, and circulating pesticides and fertilizers.
S.S. Chandel et al., (2015) observed that PV water pumping systems have shown
significant advancements in the last decade. The limitations in the design of solar pumps
introduced in the early 1970s have now been removed. The use of electronic systems has
further increased the output power, performance, reliability and overall efficiency of the
system for drinking, irrigation and community water supply applications. The first-
generation PV pumping systems used centrifugal pumps driven by DC/AC motors with
hydraulic efficiencies varying from 25% to 35% whereas second generation PV pumping
systems use positive displacement pumps, progressing cavity pumps or diaphragm pumps
with high hydraulic efficiencies of even 70%. Controllers are used for monitoring storage
tank levels and pump speed. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technology is used
to optimize water pumping.

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3. Methods and Procedu res
This chapter presents the research methodology on how the data gathered will be
analyzed and how the concepts will be related to the project. This includes the research
design, research method, and factors on the study.
3.1. Research Design
The researcher used the research and development method to design, fabricate and
develop the back-up solar power supply for water stations. This research will help to
gather and determine all information needed to materialize the concept and design for the
fabrication of prototype. Operations, processes and procedures of this studies relies on the
development and evaluation of concepts and design to meet desired output.
3.2. Research Environment
The study took place in Las Palmas subdivision in Caypombo, Santa Maria,
Bulacan. The location was the target setting of the study because the researcher knows
the officers in the HOA and most importantly, he had personal experiences of water
supply outages specifically whenever there were power interruptions within the area. The
subdivision has more than three water supply stations which services 100 households per
block per pumping station. This allows the researcher to gather sufficient data from
interviews, survey and preliminary study of power requirement and consumption. From
these data, the prototype varies in specification based on the requirements of each
pumping stations.
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3.3. Procedures
3.3.1 Data Gathering and Analysis
The researcher conducted interviews and surveys from the residents of the
subdivision to gather feedbacks, suggestions and recommendations over the current water
pumping system. This information was collated and was taken into consideration during
the designing of the prototype. All of the respondents agreed to the view that there is a
need for developing a system which in case of emergency such as power interruptions or
outages would sustain the operation of water stations in the subdivision.
After the preliminary research on the need to develop a system, the researcher had
site visits to properly identify the requirements of the water stations for the prototype to
effectively serve its purpose. These visits help ensure that there is a uniform result and
the data gathered does not deviate far from the average. To do this, the researcher
computed the mean and the standard deviation of parameters such as hourly water
consumption, pump water discharge and pump power consumption. These are all
necessary to appropriately design the suitable ratings of PV system to be used in the
prototype.
Table 1. Average Daily Water Consumption of Households

MONTHLY WATER DAILY WATER
HOUSEHOLD
CONSUMPTION (m3) CONSUMPTION (m3)
1–5 130 0.8667
6 – 10 125 0.8333
11 – 15 115 0.7667
16 – 20 110 0.7333
21 - 25 140 0.9333
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26 – 30 75 0.5000
AVE. DAILY WATER CONSUMPTION 0.7722
Each water station in the subdivision serves 100 household per block. The table
above shows the total monthly water consumption of thirty households. The average daily
water discharge of the water station per household is 0.77 m 3 or equivalent to 77 m3 if
this is applied to all households in the block.
The flow rate (Q) of a 5.5 hp water pump is computed below. This would be
needed in able to calculate the hourly usage of the 5.5hp water pump in the water station.
Power = flow rate x specific weight x water head
Power
Flow rate =
specific weight x water head
Nm
746
5.5 hp s
= x
N 1 hp
9810 3 x 15m
m
m3
= 0.0279
sec
Tank discharge
Hour usage =
Flow rate
77 m3
= m3
0.0279
sec
= 1.54 hr
Table 2. Summary of Water Pumping Station Total Daily Energy Consumption

LOAD NO. OF
RATING (W) USAGE (hr) WATT-HOUR
DESCRIPTION OUTLET
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Motor (5.5 hp) 4103 1 2 8206

Lighting 30 4 12 1440
TOTAL WATTHOUR 9646
The above table shows the summary of the computation of the total Watt-hour
daily consumption of the water pumping station. From this, the specifications for the
solar panel, inverter and batteries can be known.
Solar panel rating
Total Watt−Hour
Wattage = x 1.3
Irradiance ∈the area
9646 W −hr
= x 1.3
4 hr
= 3134 .9 5 W
3134.95W
Solar panel needed = W
450
panel
= 6. 97∨7 450 W 48 V monocrystalline solar panels
Inverter rating
Wattage = total load x 3 (for surge protection)
=[ ( 4103 W x 1 ) + ( 30 W x 4 ) ] x 3
= 4223 W x 3
= 12669 W ∨use 15 kW 48 V −220V PSW inverter
Charge controller rating
¿
Rating = Total wattage¿ solar panel System voltage
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3600W
=
48 V
= 75 A∨use 100 A 48 V MPPT solar charge controller
Battery bank rating
total Whour x days of autonomy

Rating =
(system voltage x DOD x Efficiency)
9646 W −hr x 1
=
48V x 0.5 x 0.8
= 502 . 4 Ah∨use 600 Ah LiFeP O 4 battery 48 V
In summary, the technical specifications for the components used in the system
are: 1. Eight 450-W solar panels should be utilized to sufficiently generate power for the
system; 2. Inverter rating to be used should be 15 kW 48V-220V PSW inverter, enough to
handle 4223 W load with surge protection; 3. Charge controller rating used is 100A 48V
MPPT solar charge controller; and 4. Battery size capacity to be considered should be
600Ah LiFePO4 48V battery or any battery available in the market that is above the
calculated 502.4 Ah value minimum requirement.
Conductor rating (solar panel to inverter)
solar panel rating

Amperage = x 1.25
system voltage
3600Wx 1.25
=
48 V
= 93.7 5 A
Conductor rating (inverter to panel board)

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solar panel rating

Amperage = x 1.25
system voltage
4223 Wx 1.25
=
220 V
= 20 .45 A
Referencing table 3.10.1.16 from part 1 of the Philippine Electrical Code 2009
which is also available in appendix table <number>, minimum requirement for wire sizes
can be checked based on the computations of the conductor ratings above. From the same
table, the required wire for connecting solar panels, charge controller, batteries and
inverter is 2-30 mm2 THHN stranded wire. Similarly, the required wire size for
connecting the inverter to the panel board by looking up the computed value in the table
is 2-3.5 mm2 THHN stranded wire. Lastly, the grounding wire should be 1-3.5 mm 2
stranded wire.
Protective device rating (solar panel to inverter)

solar panel rating
Amperage = x 1.25
system voltage
3600Wx 1.25
=
48 V
= 93.7 5 A
Protective device rating (inverter to panel board)
solar panel rating

Amperage = x 1.25
system voltage
4223 Wx 1.25
=
220 V
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= 20.45 A
Using the same computed values for the conductor rating, breaker specifications
were also determined by dividing the solar panel rating by the system voltage. Therefore,
the required specification for the breakers for solar panel to inverter and inverter to panel
board are 120 AT-2P DC breaker and 40 AT-2P AC breaker respectively.
3.3.2 Design
Solar energy is the heart of the back-up power system for water supply station.
The electricity generated by the photovoltaic panels were then stored into the battery
which may then be used when needed. The system comprises four major components –
solar panels, automatic transfer switch, inverter and batteries. The technical specifications
of the system components were based on the calculated energy consumption of the
pumping station. These obtained values serve as the ratings for the solar panels, inverters
and batteries of the system such that it would be able to provide power for the water
supply station during the day and if possible even during nighttime.
Figure 3 shows the normal setup of the water pumping station. The setup is that
the water station relies on the distribution utility for it to operate. The loads of the station
– water motor pump and lightings – function using the electricity supplied by the
distribution company.
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Figure 3. Normal setup
Figure 4. Proposed setup
For the proposed setup, a backup system is added in the current existing setup.
The backup system consists solar panels, a charge controller, a battery and an inverter.
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This system is connected with the distribution utility through an automatic transfer
switch. Figure 4 shows how the backup system is integrated in the normal setup.
3.3.4 Fabrication
After identifying the components and their specifications, the researcher prepared
all other materials that are necessary in the construction of the prototype. These materials
include the following: 1. Float switch and sensor; 2. Automatic transfer switch; 3.
Switches; 4. Empty jar; and 5. ¾ marine plywood.
Figure 5. Materials used in the construction of the prototype.
The float switch sensor was used to monitor water level in the water tank. The
operation is that when the water in the tank reached a declared minimum, the pump
would be energized and filling the tank until it is full. The automatic transfer switch or
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ATS is utilized to switch from distribution unit to backup power system whenever power
outage is detected. Finally, plywood was used for the panel board of the prototype.
Figure 6. Materials used in the construction of the prototype.
Aside from these materials, the researcher also prepared and made use of some
tools to construct, connect, joist and measure the expected prototype. The tools used are
shown in figure 6.
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Figure 6. Fabrication of the prototype.
The researcher assembled the miniature using the prepared materials and tools.
The plywood was cut to serve as the platform and base for the components. Afterwards,
the blocks of wood were painted and let dry. The components were placed on the board
and on the platform after the paint set. Then, these components were connected by the
conducting wires. Holes were drilled into the board so that wires would be kept secured
inside the miniature. Finally, the prototype was tested if it works and functions
accordingly.
3.3.5 Testing and Evaluation

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The testing of prototype is evaluated through the result of trial and error until the
desired output is attained. Testing materials such as voltmeter and ammeter are used to
measure necessary parameter to assure prototype function.
3.3.6 Design Concept
The design concepts of this project study start defining the problem which is the
water shortage caused by power outage. Through research and data gathering the
development of design will materialize into fabrication of prototype of back-up power
system for water supply station. Trial and evaluation will ensure the functionality and
efficiency of the prototype before the implementation of the project study to address the
problem.
Bill Of materials
Bill of Materials
Item Qt Uni Unit Remark

No. Description y t Cost s Total Cost/Item
1 Solar Panel 1 pc owned 0
2 Inverter 1 pc Owned 0
3 Lipoly Battery 1 pc owned 0
4 Solar Charger 1 pc 245 245
5 12v submersible motor 1 pc 218 218
6 Float switch 2 pcs 88 176
7 Automatic water level sensor 1 pc 175 175
8 3/4 Plywood 1 pc 200 Junk 200
9 automatic transfer switch 1 pc 1300 1300
10 switch 1 pc 50 50
Total Cost 2364
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4.5 Testing and Evaluation
The researcher first tests the miniature water tank for its functionality. The switches and
sensor function as it has to be. It turns off the miniature motor when it reaches the maximum
level and off at minimum level.
Then the researcher tests the prototype upgrade of the water station. Once again,
the prototype function as desired. The transfer of power source from Du to Backup power
runs at its supposed to.
4.6 Summary of Findings
This section includes the data and results that are obtained throughout the
testing and evaluation of the project. The project findings are as follows:
1. The researcher gathered data from the problem present in the community, the
several online articles and other references such as the Philippine Electrical Code to
provide sufficient information that will support the study.
2. Through the use of the gathered data and with the proponent’s knowledge in
electrical engineering, the design for the photovoltaic system and electrical controls were
created. It was made according to provide better solution to the problem community.
3. The prototype was developed based from the design and the objectives. The
proponent was able to produce design of Backup Off-Grid PV System for Water Supply
System.
4. The prototype was tested and it worked according to its function. The Backup
Off-Grid PV System of the project served as an alternative power supply that supports
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and energizes Water Supply System. The electrical controls provided an easier and
convenient way of power transfer. It also gives a safer method of operating the load for it
uses transfer switch.
5. Based from the test results of the trials conducted by researcher/designer, Backup
Off-Grid PV System for Water Supply System prototype is functional and effective as it
is able to.
5. Conclusion and Recommendation
This chapter presents the conclusions and recommendations of the design and
development of the Backup Off-Grid PV System for Water Supply System.
5.1 Conclusion
The following conclusions were made by complying with the objectives of the
project:
1. The preparation of the project involved the consideration of the system
requirements of the Backup Off-Grid PV System for Water Supply System. Different
data from the company, books, online articles, and other resources as well as the
Philippine Electrical Code were gathered and analyzed in order to provide necessary
information regarding the subject. The materials needed for the prototype were selected
and completed to fulfill its objectives and satisfy the efficiency of the project.
2. The design of the electrical circuit and function, as well as the layout of the
different diagrams such as circuit and schematic provided assistance to the researcher to
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fully understand the wiring connections and installations and how the Backup Off-Grid
PV System for Water Supply System.
3. The prototype was subjected to a series of tests and evaluations. The functionality
and sustainability of the project were observed to be successful. The objectives of the
research study were adequately met in conclusion to the actual testing of the prototype. It
was concluded by researcher/designer that Backup Off-Grid PV System for Water
Supply System can solve the problem the community experienced.
5.2 Recommendation
Based from the conclusions of the prototype, the recommendations were
formulated for the future researchers to further enhance the development of the Backup
Off-Grid PV System for Water Supply System.
1. The use of larger size and rating of components in the prototype such as the solar
panel, solar charge controller, inverter, battery, circuit breaker and branch circuit
conductor for later additional load and upgrades.
2. Provide further study photovoltaic system for the more understanding and
enhancement of system design.
3. Future researchers may also consider configuring the circuit design to provide a
better and more complex use of the prototype.
6. References
Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
4 Research Governance and Ethics
Please describe how you will ensure that

the activity will be carried out to the
highest standards of ethics and research
integrity.
Please describe how potential ethical,
health and safety issues arising as part of
this research have been considered and
how they will be addressed.
Will the proposed research involve
research on animals, human participants,
human tissue or patient/participant data?
Has the proposed research been reviewed
by the MSEUF research ethics
committee?
5 Expected Outputs and Deliverables (This refers to the products of the research which
would contribute and increase the stock of knowledge.)
Backup Off-Grid PV System for Water Supply System for uninterruptible water supply.
6 Target Beneficiaries of Research Results: (who and how many are the direct / indirect
beneficiaries of the study, what are the benefits that are likely to accrue in the short or long
term)
Target Beneficiaries Total

1. Household 300
2. Researcher 1
3. Company 1
7 Dissemination Plan: (what is the plan for sharing / communicating research results to
different stakeholders / possible beneficiaries; please mention specific activities)
Activities Strategy
1. Printed materials (hard bound) Archive in University Library
Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
2. Internet articles University website

3. Publication in peer reviewed scientific Conference, Seminars/Training events
journals and presentation in scientific
conferences and in industry-related events
8 Activities
Months
Activity
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1. Data gathering and analysis

2. Design and development

3. prototype evaluation

4. Testing and evaluation
5. Implementation and
maintenance
7. Curriculum Vitae
Edilbert B. Lopez
Block 99 lot 47 Las Palmas subdivision
Caypombo, Santa Maria, Bulacan
Jaz28eloi@gmail.com
+639431437757
PROFILE SUMMARY
 Registered Master Electrician with more 10 years of experience in power industry.
 MERALCO Quality Inspector, that conduct work order audits to ensure work quality.
 Skillful in supervising company employees.
 Knowledgeable in construction and maintenance at distribution services.
WORK EXPERIENCE
Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
MERALCO – 3rd class Lineman June 2005 - May 2008
MERALCO – 2nd class Lineman May 2008 – June 2012
MERALCO – 1st class Lineman May 2012 – November 2013
MERALCO – Leadman November 2013 – January 2018
MERALCO – Quality Inspector January 2018 - Present
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Primary
General Emilio Aguinaldo Integrated School
(1991-1997)
Secondary
ERDA Technical and Vocational Secondary School
(1997-2002)
Tertiary
Rizal Technological University
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
(Undergraduate)
AWARD/CREDENTIAL
 2nd Overall Lineman’s Rodeo 2016
 Magiting Na Lineman 2016
 Magiting Na Lineman 2018
 Registered Master Electrician Board Passer
 Professional Driver’s License
SEMINARS / WORKSHOP ATTENDED

 Occupational Safety & Health Orientation 09/26/2019
 EAM Course for Implem Foreman & QI 05/10/2018
 Level Up! 09/28/2017
 Lead Up! 08/06/2015
 EAM Foundation Course for DS Crew leads 08/06/2015
 Foundation Course for DS Crew Leads 07/01/2015
 Competency Based Assessment for MLTC4 04/16/2013
 Interpreting Construction & Maintenance 04/11/2013
 Interpreting Basic Design Plan 04/08/2013
 Sup Course-S/S Switching & Relay Target 04/04/2013
 Refresher Courses 03/19/2013
 Supervisory Safety 03/14/2013
 Competency Based Assessment for MLTC3 05/11/2011
Revision No.: 0
Reviewed by: QMR
 Introductory Course 3 05/06/2011

 Substation Switching and Relay Target 05/06/2011
 Field Application (OJT-Stickology) 04/20/2011
 Stickology 04/12/2011
 Special Line Equipment and Control 04/05/2011
 Advance Electricity 03/31/2011
 Performing Overhead Distribution 03/24/2011
 Lineman Safety Course 3 03/21/2011
 Refresher Course 3 03/14/2011
 ORIENTATION TO CG AND COE (Roadshow) 11/11/2010
 CUSTOMER SERVICE EXCELLENCE TRAINING 10/15/2009
 Blackberry Training 2009 AM 08/13/2009
 Working Safely on Overhead Distribution 06/03/2009
 Radio Land Mobile Operator's Permit Sem. 03/20/2009
 Crane/Truco Operation Seminar 02/04/2009
 Meralco Lineman Trng Program Course II 10/08/2007
 Orientation for New Employees 09/28/2005
AFFILIATION
Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, Inc.
Affiliate Member
REFERENCES
Jose S. Reyes Jr.
VP and Head, Office the Head
North North Distribution Services
Emmanuel A. Carpio
Officer, Balintawak Maintenance
North Distribution Services
Cris Armand Tabios

Distribution Engineer, Balintawak Maintenace
North Distribution Services

Lopez Edilbert B. Back Up Power System For Water Supply Station Final

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MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION

A Design of Backup Off-Grid PV System for Water Supply System

Presented to the Faculty of the

Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation University

of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering

Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency and Accreditation Program

PROJECT STUDY PROPOSAL

II. Name of Researcher : Edilbert B. Lopez

III.Project Study Proposal

numbers show how essential water is.

its appropriation and utilization. It has been always top priority.

life would not be the same as it is now.

People understood the importance of water. Civilizations craft means to develop

to communities as water is indeed vital to human lives.

as the pumping stations rely as well to electricity to function.

increase the utilization of renewable energy by institutionalizing the development of

efficient and cost-effective commercial application by providing fiscal and non-fiscal

pollutants as well as greenhouse gases (GHG). Therefore, alternative sources of energy

[ CITATION Hos14 \l 13321 ].

The main purpose of this project is to help communities in maintaining water

water level float switch which is placed inside the tank.

1.2. Objectives of the Study

following specific objectives:

water pumping stations.

4. To test and evaluate prototype in terms of functionality and efficiency.

1.3. Significance of the Study

the burden of finding decent water source by the community residents.

Researcher. This research study may serve as a reference to future researchers.

problems related in this field.

Company. Companies may opt to develop similar systems to extend to

products which are of great significance to their stakeholders especially to potential

1.4. Scope and Limitations of the Study

serious power outages in the area.

effectiveness and functionality of operations.

daytime operations as home owners’ associations are deterrent in the implementation of

1.5. Conceptual Framework

Figure 1. Conceptual paradigm

maintenance is integrated to ensure prototype functionality and seamless operability.

1.6. Definition of Terms

Battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with

external connections for powering electrical devices.

An inverter converts direct current to alternating current.

Solar panel is designed to absorb the sun’s rays as a source of energy.

ATS Automatic Transfer Switch

HOA Home Owners’ Association

IPS Inverter Power Supply

PEC Philippine Electrical Code

2. Review of Literature and Related Studies

will help to materialize the concept.

Solar Power System

electricity. PV cells are interconnected to form a PV module, typically up to 50 to 200W.

The PV modules, combined with a set of additional application‐dependent system

components (e.g., inverters, batteries, electrical components, and mounting systems),

provide power ranging from a few watts to tens of megawatts.

impressive technological shift. While early solar technologies consisted of small-scale

Bhuiyan A, Sugita K, Hashimoto, Yamamoto A. (2012) stated the most

Concentrating PV cells have very high efficiencies of up to 40%. Other technologies,

such as organic PV cells, are still in the research phase.

Compared with neighboring countries including Thailand, Malaysia, South Korea,

(3.4GW). Germany remains the world's a leader for cumulative installed